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Breast cancer is the most common cancer for women around the world. The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on or near the coding region of breast cancer susceptibility genes can affect the regulation of gene expression, which may increase or decrease the risk of breast cancer. BARX2 was showed to stimulate the expression of ERS1, which involved in the development of breast cancer. SNP rs7107217 on 152kb downstream of the BARX2 could affect the level of protein BARX2 and had been proved to associate with the breast cancer risk in populations similar to Vietnamese, including Chinese and Korean. In this study, rs7107217 was genotyped and initially detemined the association with the breast cancer risk in Vietnamese. Real-time PCR HRM was optimized and used to genotype rs7107217 in 117 breast cancer cases and 105 healthy controls. Thereafter, the correlation of this SNP with the risk of breast cancer was initially determined by analyzing the differences in allelic and genotypic frequencies between cases and control groups. The results showed the optimal rs7107217 genotyping condition was successfully developed with the high sensitivity, specificity, and consistency. SNP rs7107217 had high polymorphism with the frequency of minor allele C of 29.9% and 35.3% in case and control, respectively. SNP rs7107217 had been found no association with the breast cancer risk (C vs A: P = 0.23, OR (95% CI) = 0.79 (0.53 – 1.17)). However with the low reliability of the analysis (11.71%) and the high potential related to the formation of breast cancer, the association between rs7107217 and breast cancer risk in Vietnamese population should be further conducted on a larger sample size to get higher accuracy.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women and accounts for the highest mortality rates in the developing countries, including Vietnam. D-loop, is a non-coding region in mitochondrialcircular DNA molecules, related to control the replication and transcription of mitochondrial genes. D-loop mutations cause the dysfunction of the respiratory chain, which contributes to the process of BC. SNP rs3937033 (T/C) on D-loop was reported to have the association with BC in Europe America population (OR [95%CI]= 1.98 [1.25–3.12], P=0.036), and Caucasian (OR[95%CI]= 21 [2.15–204.6], P=0.003). In this study, the High Resolution Melting (HRM) method is optimized for genotyping 100/100 cases/controls samples, then to determine the association between the disease and this SNP. TT, TC and CC genotype frequencies in patient group (36 %, 3 % and 61 %) and control group (23 %, 1 % and 76 %) were calculated based on the results of genotyping by optimal HRM method with the annealing temperature is 66 0C. Association analysis result showed that T allele increases the risk of breast cancer patients up to 1.41 times (OR [95% CI] = 1.41 [1.3-1.92], Pallele = 0.03). Therefore, SNP rs3937033 could be a potential biomarker for early BC diagnosis in Vietnamese. However, this research needs to be conducted with a larger sample size to reach the greater confidence.

In this paper, SnO2 nano particles were loaded on TiO2 nanotubes (SnO2/TNTs) by onestep hydrothermal method with the purpose to enhance the photocatalytic ability of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs). Structure and morphology of the material were characterized by X-ray diffraction measurement (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SnO2 nano particles onto TNTs prevent the recombination of electronhole pairs at the interface area. This contribution increased the photocatalytic efficiency of the material. The effect of SnO2 contents on the photocatalytic activities of the composite materials was also investigated with methylene blue that is chosen as the pollutant in industry. The results showed that SnO2/TNTs composite materials had been successfully synthesized by one-step hydrothermal method and SnO2/TNTs composite material with 2 % SnO2 content loading possesses the highest photocatalytic efficiency with 70 % after 180 minutes illuminated under sunlight.

While conducting sentinel surveillance of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Vietnam, we found a sudden increase in the prevalence of coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) in 2016 and CV-A2 and CV-A4 in 2017, the emergence of which has been reported recently to be associated with various clinical manifestations in other countries. However, there have been only a limited number of molecular studies on those serotypes, with none being conducted in Vietnam. Therefore, we sequenced the entire VP1 genes of CV-A10, CV-A4, and CV-A2 strains associated with HFMD in Vietnam between 2012 and 2017. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a trend of endemic circulation of Vietnamese CV-A10, CV-A4, and CV-A2 strains and the emergence of thus-far undescribed HFMD-causing lineages of CV-A4 and CV-A2. The Vietnamese CV-A10 strains belonged to a genotype comprising isolates from patients with HFMD from several other countries; however, most of the Vietnamese strains were grouped into a local lineage. Recently, emerging CV-A4 strains in Vietnam were grouped into a unique lineage within a genotype comprising strains isolated from patients with acute flaccid paralysis from various countries. New substitutions were detected in the putative BC and HI loops in the Vietnamese CV-A4 strains. Except for one strain, Vietnamese CV-A2 isolates were grouped into a unique lineage of a genotype that includes strains from various countries that are associated with other clinical manifestations. Enhanced surveillance is required to monitor their spread and to specify their roles as etiological agents of HFMD or "HFMD-like" diseases, especially for CV-A4 and CV-A2. Further studies including whole-genome sequencing should be conducted to fully understand the evolutionary changes occurring in these newly emerging strains.

Breast cancer (BC), the most common type of cancer among women worldwide, is a polygenetic disease which is caused by the interaction of several genes. Understanding the genetic factors for early diagnosis of BC is crucial to ensure the survival of BC patients. MicroRNA 27a (miR-27a), an oncogenic miRNA, has been predicted to target on the tumor suppressor ZBTB10 that can regulate many processes of cell. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs895819 alters the structure and function of miR-27a, which has been anticipated to reduce the risk of BC in different populations such as German and Chinese. This study aimes to investigate the relationship between the existence of SNP rs895819 (A>G) and the risk of BC using the optimized high resolution melting (HRM) method. 106 BC samples and 117 healthy samples were genotyped using an optimal HRM protocol then statistical analysis was applied to examine the relationship of the SNP. In the case group, the risk G allele accounted for 36 % while in the control group it took up 32 %. Statistic result revealed that rs895819 (A>G) had no significant relationship with the breast cancer (OR=1.119; P=0.46676) in given case-control samples. Although the SNP is significantly ralated with BC in German or Chinese populations, it is not a potential marker for diagnosis in the Vietnamese population. Further studies investigating relationship between rs895819 (A>G) and breast cancer in the Vietnamese population is not recommended. In future, other SNPs should be investigated with the aim of identification efficient biomarker for early diagnosis of BC in Vietnamese.

As the second most popular cancer in the world, breast cancer affects millions of people and causes a large number of deaths every year. Identifying the genetic marker is one of approaches of early diagnosis for following cancer and give a correct treatment. Many recent studies have shown several SNPs including rs10941679 (located at the uptream of MRPS30 gene) are strongly associated with breast cancer in European and other populations. The association between rs10941679 and breast cancer in Vietnamese population has been investigated in this study using High Resolution Melt (HRM) method as a tool for genotyping. HRM was designed on Umelt sofware and was optimized based on annealing temperature and MgCl2 concentration gradient in order to have 3 distinct melting curves from 3 genotypes of rs10941679. The optimal HRM conditions were selected with Tm=58 oC and MgCl2=3.0 mM and 100 Cases/control samples were genotyped by the optimimal HRM condition. The results showed that the frequency of the risk allele G in case and control group were 48.5 % and 54.0 %, respectively. Regression analysis on the presense of the risk allele and risk allele-containing genotypes has shown no association between rs10941679 and breast cancer in Vietnamese population (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = [0.54 – 1.19]; PG = 0.27; PGG/GA = 0.56). The power of this result was estimated to be 12.02 %. To obtain the power up to 90 %, the sample size up to 1691 cases/controls is needed. Due to its low posibility in the assocation with breast cancer in Vietnamese population, rs1094169 is not recommended for further study in finding the genetic for markers cancer in Vietnamese population.

The research aims at estimating the tourism and recreational values of Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve, Ho Chi Minh City, specifically, assessed the tourism potential via the willingness-to-pays of respondents (including domestic tourists and local people) for sustaining the landscape and regenerating natural resources as well as protecting the environment. The zone travel cost method was adopted in this study, to firstly plot the demand curve and then to estimate the values of recreation for visitors, eventually, come up with the total economic value of natural resources and environment of the research site. The results showed that the total recreational value of this resort is 6,542.3 billion VND while the consumer surplus values that visitors would receive from tourism activities are 1,389 billion VND. Each the tourist is willing to pay 107 thousand VND to improve the quality of tourism services, upgrading the infrastructure, sustaining the environmental quality and protecting the pristine look of the landscape.

Interpretation of wireline logging data supported to recover the sedimentary environment of block 102 of Song Hong basin. It inchided in determination of the spatial distribution of source, reservoir and cap rocks and an indispensable part in oil exploration of this area. Resulted wireline logging data showed some sedimentary environment units as the following The late Oligocene was delta environment. It was identified as forming delta plain, swamp to lacustrine. The middle Miocene had changed to shallow water marine environment, which formed the shoreface, tidal flat, lagoon and channel. The lower Miocene was aluvial environment that changed into fluvial and coastal plain.

Gas sensing is one of the most promising applications for reduced graphene oxide (rGO). High surface-to-volume ratio in conjunction with remaining reactive oxygen functional groups translates into sensitivity to molecular on the rGO surface. The response of the rGO based devices can be further improved by functionalizing its surface with metal nano-materials. In this paper, we report the ammonia (NH3) sensing behavior of rGO based sensors functionalized with nano-structured metal: silver (Ag) or platinum (Pt) or gold (Au) in air at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The gas response is detected by the monitoring changes in electrical resistance of the rGO/metal hybrids due to NH3 gas adsorption. Compared to bare rGO, significantly improved NH3 sensitivity is observed with the addition of nano-structured metals. These materials are applied to play the small bridges role connecting many graphene islands together to improve electrical conduction of hybrids while maintaining the inherent advantage of rGO for NH3 gas sensitivity.

The synthesis of polystyrene-block-poly(iso-butyl vinyl ether) by using the combination of metallocene catalyst and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been tried. This synthetic method takes advantages of both metallocene catalyst to form stereoregular polymer with high activity and ATRP with the controlled molecular weights and low polydispersity. The recent dinuclear half-sandwich complexes of titanium with xylene bridge, [Ti(η5-cyclopentadienyl)Cl2L]2-ortho, meta-[CH2-C6H4-CH2] (L = Cl, L = O-2,6-iPr2C6H3 ) were successfully synthesized. These catalysts were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analysis. Copolymers have been characterized by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The collected copolymers have got narrow molecular weight distribution (≤1.8) and the improvement of stereoregularity (racemo dyads, r, are from 45 % to 56 %).