1. The asymmetric relationship between globalization, tourism, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in Turkey: implications for environmental policy making
- Author
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Taiwo Temitope Lasisi, Seyi Saint Akadiri, and Gizem Uzuner
- Subjects
Distributed lag ,Real income ,Cointegration ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,General Medicine ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Asymmetric cointegration ,Shock (economics) ,Globalization ,Econometrics ,Economics ,Per capita ,Environmental Chemistry ,Tourism ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The current study examines the importance of asymmetric modelling of tourism-CO2 emissions relationship by incorporating real income per capita and the newly developed globalization index in a multivariate time series model between 1970 and 2014 for Turkey. We used a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model in analyzing the asymmetric cointegration association between the selected variables. Using Hatemi-J (2012) asymmetric causality testing method, we examined the asymmetric causal relationship among the variables. The empirical outcomes provide evidence for the existence of asymmetric long-run cointegration nexus among the variables. Asymmetric causality results show that both the positive and negative shock of tourism influence the CO2 emissions in the long-term, while in the short-term, only the negative shock of tourism contributes to CO2 emissions. Also discussed are the policy implications with regard to Turkey’s environmental and economic policies.
- Published
- 2020
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