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Hypertension is a leading cardiovascular risk factor with significant morbidity and mortality. Sometimes it remains difficult to find out the actual cause and to manage in a large segment of population. So, the ability to identify a contributing or secondary cause that is potentially curable for all patient with hypertension is of great importance and challenging. Endocrine hypertension is one of the common forms of secondary hypertension. Primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, and other causes of mineralocorticoid excess are among the common causes of endocrine hypertension. Published literature were reviewed about their prevalence, clinical presentation, screening methods and specific management. Now day by day it’s become more challenging for the clinicians to understand the pathophysiology, clinical spectrum of these diseases and improvement of the management protocol because of newer clinical, biochemical, and modern radiological approach. Cardiovasc j 2023; 15(2): 159-174

The World Health Organization defines female genital mutilation/cutting as any medically unnecessary procedure involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs. It is a violation of human rights and associated with serious complications and lifelong impact on health. This review article summarizes for the pediatric and adolescent care provider the incidence worldwide, the impact of cultural practices, appropriate screening and diagnosis, interventions, and treatment, along with legal and ethical issues.

Rythu Bharosa Kendram is One Stop Shop for supplying Government Certified Agri Inputs (Seeds, Fertilizers & Pesticides), Animal Husbandry & Fisheries Inputs to the farmers and has an attached workshop / Knowledge Center for giving scientific Agri Advisories to the farmers. It is integrated with a Call. The study investigated the effectiveness of services of RBK perceived by farmers in the East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh during 2021-2022. A total sample of 120 farmers was randomly selected from twelve villages viz. Kadiyam, Vemagiri, Muramanda, Kalavacherla, Rajanagram, Velugubanda, Geddanapalli, Bhupalapatnam, S. thimmapuram, Bhatnavalli, Rollapalem and Nadipudi of East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. The data were collected with structured interview schedule. The perceived effectiveness of the services of RBKs was studied. It was observed that half (50.83%) of the farmers perceived that services rendered by RBKs were moderately effective followed by highly effective (34.17%) and less effective (15.00%) categories. It can be recommended to the government and policy makers for improvement, restructuring, reforming and modifying the services from RBKs to enhance its effectiveness further.

Many factors cause congestion on toll roads, one of which is service time at toll gates. Maximum service times for each vehicle be regulated by Indonesia Toll Authority to no more than 6 seconds for the open transaction toll system. There-fore, an electronic toll road payment system integrated with ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) technology is proposed. The proposed system can identify vehicle plates automatically to make payments. The Optical Character Recognition (OCR) method was chosen in this study for recognizing the number plate. ANPR with Tesseract OCR is placed inside the computer. Based on the results of the analysis and testing that has been carried out, the low average accuracy of 63,14% from this research is small due to the small number of sample images. The average execution times of 1405 milliseconds from this research are be-low the maximum 6 seconds limit for open transaction toll collection in Indonesia. One failed plate localization from sample images has founded in a car image with number plate DK 1547 EC.

The digital economy has changed the global economy with the existence of electronic money which is currently a very popular average payment that is used by all circles, especially among Islamic boarding schools. Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School is one of the boarding schools that implements electronic money (e-money) as a medium of payment, although in its use there are still many obstacles and risks. This study wants to know and analyze what are the risks involved in the use of electronic money and how to overcome them. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach and data collection. The results of this research conclude that the use of electronic money makes it easier for students to make transactions even though there are still risks and obstacles in their use, in this case the Islamic boarding school tries to overcome this problem, the aim is to improve services to students. Keywords: management, e-money, e-bekal

The digital economy has changed the global economy with the existence of electronic money which is currently a very popular average payment that is used by all circles, especially among Islamic boarding schools. Nurul Jadid Islamic Boarding School is one of the boarding schools that implements electronic money (e-money) as a medium of payment, although in its use there are still many obstacles and risks. This study wants to know and analyze what are the risks involved in the use of electronic money and how to overcome them. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach and data collection. The results of this research conclude that the use of electronic money makes it easier for students to make transactions even though there are still risks and obstacles in their use, in this case the Islamic boarding school tries to overcome this problem, the aim is to improve services to students.

Background: Distance learning requires learning media to help students understand the material. Digital booklets are an alternative to teaching biodiversity through visualization. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of digital booklets for class X biodiversity materials. Methods: This Research and Development use the ADDIE model. The product is validated by expert validators, material experts, and teachers. Product trials on students were divided into two groups, namely small groups (10 students) and large groups (30 students). Results: The results of the product assessment meet the very feasible category with scores of 91.67% (media experts), 61.25% (material experts), and 81.25% (teachers). The small group test on students obtained a percentage of 96%, and the big group test with a percentage of 95.33%. Conclusions: The digital booklet learning media product is suitable for class X biodiversity learning.

Tolerance is an issue that is widely promoted in the midst of the Indonesian government's efforts to moderate daily attitudes in religious and state life. An understanding of it continues to be explored through the values of the texts of the Qur'an and hadith as well as local traditions that exist in the community. Mori Sama in Donggo, Mbawa is one tradition that has tolerance values which are given a dimension of legitimacy by the traditional leaders of the Qur'anic texts. This paper explored the understanding of the Donggo Mbawa community in understanding tolerance; sees how the community understands the verses of tolerance; and finally how the practical implementation of the Donggo community on their understanding of tolerance. As a form of field research, this paper was based on observation and interviews as the main sources of data. By borrowing Karl Manheim's analysis through the theory of meaning, this research concluded that the Mbawa community has held the principle of mori sama because they basically come from one ancestor. Then after Islam and other religions entered the Donggo area, the Mbawa people began to separate themselves by determining their own beliefs. Second, the understanding of Donggo Mbawa Islamic religious leaders and the community towards the verses of tolerance is realized in the form of mutual respect, appreciation, and acceptance of every difference that exists. For example, events that are held in the village, such as weddings, circumcisions, taste prayers, pilgrimage prayers, Kasaro ceremonies and also when celebrating religious holidays. Third, the meaning of the verses of tolerance in the understanding of Islamic religious leaders and also the Mbawa community in general is based on the hereditary principle, namely the principle of mori sama.

Terrorism is a constant phenomenon. However, the pattern and style of terrorism have changed considerably since 2010. This paper uses a case-study approach to explore the factors that lead individuals to join terrorist groups today. Analysts have long focused on three factors that drove individuals to join terrorist groups: "needs, narratives, and networks," commonly referred to as the 3N. This paper identifies two more: norms and new media (2N). Now recruitment often occurs through social media. Besides that, this study found that people who adhere to good norms are vulnerable to being affected by terrorism. The results of this study indicate that not all terrorists have bad personalities.The results of this study inform the community that the internalization of values is accomplished not only by teaching goodness but also by directing goodness. In addition, this research has implications for enhancing the digital literacy abilities of the community.

Trialista Beauty is one of the local brands that has milk soap products that have succeeded in growing rapidly, especially in the online market. The purpose of this research is to find out what marketing strategy is being carried out by Trialista Beauty to further increase sales every month. This research is a type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach as well as a qualitative descriptive method. Then, the data collection techniques in this study used three techniques, namely observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Trialista Beauty is a beauty brand that has milk soap products. In marketing, Trialista beauty uses two channels, namely online and offline. The results of this study indicate that Trialista Beauty uses several elements of the promotional mix to market milk soap products. Some of these elements are advertising (advertising, sales promotion), personal selling (personal selling), and interactive marketing (interactive marketing). advertising) and sales promotion using the Facebook application, then offline using personal selling and interactive marketing. Facebook also has an influence on increasing purchases. Keywords: Marketing strategy, milk soap product, promotion mix.

Background: Caudal block has slower onset and is frequently practiced as a supplemental but Sabarachnoid block has rapid onset and with good haemodynamic stabilityin children but there remains some hesitation in its use.affectivenes of subarachnoid block Objectives: To compare the time of onset of sensory block, its haemodynamic stability andaffectivenes of subarachnoid block in children for subumbilical surgery. Methods: In this study 60 patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were chosen and the procedure was explained to the patient’s attendant. After obtaining written and informed consent, patients were randomized into two equal groups of 30 each. Group-S was given spinalanaesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in a dose of 0.4mg/kg over 10 secends. Group-C was given caudal block with 0.25%plain bupivacaine 2mg/kg in volume of 1ml/kg. Patients were observed for time and duration of onset&level of sensory block, need ofadjuvants, hemodynamics condition and per-operative complications if any. Results: The study showed rapid onset of sensory block in Group-S without any supliment and with a good haemodynamics stability. Sensory level block achieved in more than 90% cases of group-S wasT6 while in group-C it was T8 level in 64% cases. No major per-operative complications occurred in either group. Conclusion: The anaesthesiologists who care for infants and children during their practice should have option for spinal anaesthesia as an alternative to general anaesthesia forshort surgical procedures below umbilicus requiring immediate relaxation. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2022; 11(2): 101-106

Obstetric fistula, which develops after a prolonged or obstructed labour, is preventable and treatable. However, many women are still afflicted with the condition and remain untreated in low-income and middle-income countries. Concerns have also been raised that an increasing trend of caesarean sections is increasing the risk and share of iatrogenic obstetric fistula in these countries. The true prevalence of this condition is not known, which makes it difficult for health planners and policy makers to develop appropriate national health strategies to address the problem. The estimation of obstetric fistula with surveys is difficult because self-reporting of incontinence symptoms is subject to misclassification bias. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and burden of obstetric fistula in Bangladesh.For a valid estimation addressing misclassification bias, we implemented the study in two steps. First, we did the Maternal Morbidity Validation Study (MMVS) among a population of 65 740 women in Sylhet, Bangladesh, to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs), and negative predictive values of the survey questions. This was done through confirmation of the diagnosis with clinical examinations of suspected cases by female physicians; a sample of women who screened positive for pelvic organ prolapse and other urinary incontinence symptoms were also examined and used as controls for clinical diagnosis confirmation. Second, we used the estimated diagnostic test values, after correcting for verification bias, to adjust the reported prevalence in the nationally representative Bangladesh Maternal Mortality and Health Care Survey 2016 for the unbiased estimation of obstetric fistula prevalence in Bangladesh.The MMVS, done from Aug 3 to Dec 9, 2016, identified 67 potential cases of obstetric fistula; of them, 57 (85%) women completed the clinical examination, and 19 were confirmed as obstetric fistula cases. The adjusted sensitivity of the self-reports of obstetric fistula was 100% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99·8-100) and the observed specificity was 99·9% (95% UI 99·9-100) among women aged 15-49 years. However, the PPV was low, at 31·6% (95% UI 19·2-46·2), suggesting that almost two thirds of the self-reported cases were not true obstetric fistula cases. We estimated an adjusted obstetric fistula prevalence rate of 38 (90% UI 25-58) per 100 000 women aged 15-49 years in Bangladesh. Nationally, we estimated about 13 376 (90% UI 8686-20 112) women of reproductive age living with obstetric fistula. Additionally, we estimated 4081 (1773-8790) women aged 50-64 years to be living with obstetric fistula in Bangladesh; overall, we estimated that there are 17 457 (10 459-28 902) women aged 15-64 years in Bangladesh with obstetric fistula.The burden of obstetric fistula is still high in Bangladesh. Prevention and provision of surgical treatment to so many women will need coordinated efforts, planning, allocation of resources, and training of surgeons.US Agency for International Development, Government of Bangladesh, and UKAid.

In Bangladesh, recently drug addiction is considered as a major problem, because our young generation is highly involved with the issue. Drug is now the curse of a society. This curse has polluted our society to its core. 200 million people around the world are into drug abuse most of who are teenagers. Bangladesh does not produce drugs, but the global environment has made it a dangerous place for drug abuse. Besides, urbanization, population growth, widespread use of the internet and lack of awareness has made drug abuse an epidemic. The drug scenario in Bangladesh has changed with time. Drug addiction is turning to the national problem from social problem. It creates many other problems. This study conducted to identify the core cause of drug addiction of young generation. To conduct this research, questionnaire survey and case study have conducted. Case study tried to bring out the core factor responsible for the drug addiction of young generation and questionnaire survey expressed the people’s perception toward drug addiction. These research findings suggest that influence of peer group; weak family bonding, affluence and shortage of money are the key responsible factor for the drug addiction of young generation in Bangladesh.

Pondok pesantren merupakan model sistem Pendidikan yang khas dan tertua di Indonesia. Pondok pesantren sebagai pranata pendidikan telah mencetak ulama (intelektual) pada umumnya terus menyelenggarakan misinya agar umat menjadi tafaqquh fiddin dan memotifasi kader ulama dalam misi dan fungsinya sebagai waratsatul anbiya. Perkembangan pondok pesantren di Indonesia dalam beberapa dekade terakhir menakjubkan. Banyak orang tua mengirimkan anaknya ke pesantren untuk mendapatkan pendidikan agama yang memadai dan baik. Pondok Pesantren memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk mencetak pemikir dan pemimpin perdamaian masa depan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan secara mendalam pendekatan berbasis pendidikan perdamaian dalam pembelajaran di Pondok Pesantren Serta peluang dan tantangan yang dihadapinya. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi berperanserta, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis datanya induksi-konseptualistik, teknik analisis dalam situs. Pendekatan dalam pembelajaran berbasis peace education di pondok pesantren yang menitik beratkan pada penanaman tiga prinsip persaudaraan dalam khazanah pemikiran Islam, yaitu ukhuwwah Islamiyyah (persaudaraan karena agama Islam), ukhuwwah wathaniyyah (persaudaraan karena tanah air), dan ukhuwwah basyaraiyyah (persaudaraan karena kemanusiaan) perlu terus dtingkatkan. Pendekatan dalam pembelajaran mencakup wetonan, sorogan dan hafalan. Kata Kunci: peace education, pesantrem, pembelajaran.

Background Molecular biomarkers are emerging as promising tools to predict response to advanced therapy in IBD. For instance, mucosal expression of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM1) and oncostatin M (OSM) are associated with anti-TNF non-response in Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The specificity of such transcriptional features is poorly understood. We investigated whether mucosal expression of TREM1 and OSM influences ustekinumab response in UC. Methods UNIFI is a landmark, phase III, registration trial that evaluated the efficacy of ustekinumab as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with moderate to severe UC. In a subset of patients (n=358), colonic biopsies were sampled at baseline and gene expression profiled by RNA microarray (Affymetrix HT HG-U133+ PM). Normalised expression levels of TREM1 and OSM for responders and non-responders to induction (week 8 mucosal healing) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test on GraphPad Prism 9.2.0. Co-expressed transcripts were determined with Morpheus matrix visualisation software (Broad Institute, USA). Gene set variation analysis was used to calculate gene set enrichment scores (ES) within the expression data. Multivariable models were developed to construct receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses. Deeper biological insights of TREM1- and OSM-expressing cells were explored using single cell RNA sequencing and Gene Ontology over-representation analysis (R 4.2.2). Results Mucosal expression of TREM1 and OSM in inflamed colonic biopsies correlated highly (r = 0.81, p Conclusion Colonic expression of TREM1 and OSM is associated with resistance to both anti-TNF therapy and ustekinumab, supporting the notion that they constitute a core molecular resistome in UC patients treated with anti-cytokine agents. Their predominant co-expression in infiltrating, inflammatory monocytes indicates that treatment resistance is likely underpinned by biological pathways regulated by this cell population.

Objective: This study aims to identify the determinants of Low Birth Weight (LBW) in Bahteramas General Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Method: This research uses an institutional-based Case-Control Study design from May to June 2021 at the Bahteramas Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi Province. Data were collected from 134 samples of mothers giving birth, with 67 of them having babies with birth weight 2500 g (controls) using secondary data, namely medical records. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate with odds ratio test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression to identify the determinants of LBW.. Result: Based on the logistic regression analysis, it found that the mother's educational status variable was ≤12 years [AOR 0.19 (95% CI 0.06-0.62)]; mothers with parity one or >3 [AOR 0.06 (95% CI 0.01-0.21)]; birth spacing

This study aims to know role of purchase decision as a mediating effect between relationship marketing, food quality dan service quality on customer satisfaction, the sampling used 100 respondents. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) which consists of two stages, outer model and the inner model with the help of the SmartPLS program. 3.2 The results show that Relationship Marketing has significant effect on customer satisfaction. Relationship Marketing has significant effect on purchasing decisions. Service Quality has significant effect on customer satisfaction. Purchase decisions have significant effect on customer satisfaction. Relationship Marketing through Purchase Decisions has significant effect on Customer Satisfaction. With the results of this study, it is hoped that it can be used as input and evaluation material to improve food quality and service quality in the hope that Nelongso fried chicken has more value than other restaurants in the minds of consumers.

Refractive errors are considered as avoidable conditions which may lead to visual disabilities in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May of 2021 in a tertiary level specialized eye hospital in the southern region of Bangladesh to assess the refractive errors among primary (elementary) school children. Our study population was all the primary school children attending the outpatient department of the hospital. However, we used convenient sampling in the study. A total of 252 primary school-going children were examined – 148(58.7%) boys and 104(41.3%) girls. Among them, the minimum age was seven years, and the maximum age was 12 years. The mean age of the children was 9.67 years. Among the refractive errors, myopia was the highest prevalent condition (103 children, 50%), followed by astigmatism (77 children, 37.4%), and hyperopia (26 children, 12.6%). Among astigmatism, myopic astigmatism was 58(75.3%), while mixed astigmatism was observed in 13(17%) children and hyperopic astigmatism was found in 6(7.8%) children. The amblyopia was noted in 17 children (6.7%). The visual acuity was improved after corrections of the refractive errors. CBMJ 2022 January: vol. 11 no. 01 P: 41-45

Arabic at Universiti Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) has been offered since its inception in August 2002 through the Student Development and Campus Lifestyle Division (SDCL). To date, there are five UniKL campuses offering Arabic subjects as a third language, which is an elective language subject that can be taken by students at the Diploma and Bachelor levels. This study tries to focus the BA learning process at UniKL campus of the Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP) on students' interest through online learning when the study session took place in the Covid-19 dynamic atmosphere since March 2020. A total of 98 respondents were selected among students of Arabic 1 semester July 2021 from various backgrounds such as gender, semester and program to answer some selected questions regarding their interest in Arabic subjects throughout the learning process takes place online. This study adopts a quantitative descriptive research methodology, which is one of the scientific methods that answers the question of what, who, when and where. All the details of the respondents were collected and entered in the table systematically according to the order of background. Based on the findings of the study, students 'interest in learning Arabic online is declining due to the limitations of some things that are the dominant factors that drive students' interest in learning a third language subject such as Arabic. However, the declining interest among students today due to the different learning environment should be seen as a serious matter among teachers, especially lecturers at the university to help and rebuild their interest so that the Arabic learning process becomes more interesting.

Time management plays a very important role in personal and professional life. Several studies have demonstrated that judicious use of time positively affects academic performance. This study was carried out to assess the relationship between time management and academic achievement of the students of Sylhet Agricultural University. Moreover, the study aimed to know if there was any gender difference in time management. Based on the literature review on time management, survey research has been identified as the most prominent design to study time management. The time management questionnaire developed by Britton and Tesser was used as a study tool for its reliability and validity. A total of 187 students were selected from Sylhet Agricultural University as respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. The results of this study do not suggest a significant relationship between time management and academic achievement. However, females manage time better than males in short-range and long-range planning.

Media digital 3D berperan penting sebagai sarana bagi siswa untuk membangun pengetahuan pada pembelajaran jarak jauh. BioDigital Human merupakan aplikasi yang telah ada sejak lama, namun belum banyak digunakan oleh guru di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap platform BioDigital Human dalam pembelajaran biologi pokok bahasan anatomi tubuh manusia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Instrumen penelitian berupa angket persepsi terhadap BioDigital Human yang terdiri dari 5 aspek yaitu aspek ketertarikan, aspek rasa senang, aspek motivasi, aspek pemahaman dan aspek keinginan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak yang diperoleh dari 100 siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Parakan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh pada aspek ketertarikan rerata respon sebesar 77%, aspek rasa senang sebesar 74%, aspek motivasi sebesar 75%, aspek pemahaman sebesar 79%, aspek keinginan sebesar 77%. Rerata respon siswa dari keseluruhan aspek terhadap platform BioDigital Human termasuk dalam kategori kuat. Rata-rata siswa tertarik, senang, dan semangat belajar. Kendala yang ditemukan dalam penggunaan BioDigital Human bagi siswa terdapat beberapa materi berbayar sehingga tidak dapat diakses dan materi disajikan dalam bahasa Inggris. Siswa mempunyai keinginan guru menggunakan BioDigital Human. Platform BioDigital Human memudahkan siswa memahami konsep abstrak dalam pembelajaran biologi. Kata Kunci: BioDigital Human; media pembelajaran; persepsi ABSTRACTBioDigital Human: Learning media in the new normal era. Three dimensional (3D) digital media plays a vital role in building the knowledge of students. BioDigital Human is an application that has been around for a long time but has not been widely used by teachers in Indonesia. This study aims to determine students' perceptions of the BioDigital Human platform in learning biology on human anatomy. The research method uses descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The research instrument is a perceptual questionnaire on BioDigital Human consisting of 5 aspects, aspects of interest, aspects of pleasure, aspects of motivation, aspects of understanding, and aspects of desire. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative analysis. The research sample was taken randomly from 100 students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Parakan. The BioDigital Human platform perception obtained in the aspect of interest was 77 %, aspect of pleasure was 74 %, aspect of motivation was 75 %, aspect of understanding was 79 %, aspect of desire was 77 %. The average student response from all aspects to BioDigital Human are in strong category. On average, students are interested, happy, and eager to learn. Students have the teacher's desire to use BioDigital Human. The BioDigital Human platform makes it easy for students to understand abstract concepts in biology learning. Problems found in using BioDigital Human for students are that some paid materials are not accessible, and the material is presented in English Keywords: emotional intelligence; learning outcomes; naturalist intelligence

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis laporan keuangan Pemerintah Kota Tidore Kepulauan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dan mengeksplorasi pengelolaan anggaran pemerintah Kota Tidore Kepulauan daerah pada masa pandemi Covid 19 dan .Informan penelitian adalah pejabat pemerintahan yang terlibat langsung dalam penanganan covid-19 dan pejabat pengelolaan keuangan daerah. Metode yang digunakan adalah interaksi simbolik dengan memformulasikan penelitian pada I dan Me. I dan Me digunakan untuk mendalami diri manusia untuk mendapatkan makna dibalik sesuatu yang diyakininya. tentang pengelolaan anggaran dimasa covid-19. Hasil Penelitian ditemukan bahwa, Ikhtisar pencapaian target keuangan tahun 2020 adanya target yang tidak tercapai dikarenakan dampak dari pandemi covid-19 khususnya penerimaan PAD. Implementasi ekonomis, efisiensi, dan efektifitas laporan keuangan hanya dimaknai sebagai simbol Aturan covid-19. Dan tidak didefenisikan pada konteks yang lebih luas. Dari sisi I Simbolik interaksi yang diperlihatkan oleh pengambil kebijakan pada ruang-ruang dimana mereka berinteraksi selalu membawa simbol aturan covid-19. Laporan keuangan tentang ekonomis, efisien dan efektif, hanyalah undang-undang covid-19 semata dan tidak lebih dari itu. Dari sisi Me interaksi simbolik pemerintah kota Tidore Kepulauan lebih mengedepankan pemenuhan anggaran untuk kepentingan yang mendesak yaitu dengan mengutamakan kepentingan masyarakat di masa pandemi Covid-19.

Background: Arachnoid cysts are fluid-filled sacs that occur on the arachnoid membrane that covers the brain. In most of the cases these cysts are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. Only symptomatic arachnoid cysts require treatment. Objectives: The objective of this study was to see the results of microsurgical treatment of intracranial arachnoid cyst. Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 15 cases were included in this study for a period of 3 years. Data were collected including their operation procedures and follow up by questionnaires and finally observed the results. Results: Among the 15 patients about one third were presented in the second decades of life with male predominant. Significant clinical improvement was observed among most of the patients. The radiological decrease of the size of the cysts was also found. The results of microsurgical excision were better than other procedures. Conclusions:Surgical treatments are needed only in symptomatic cases. Clinical and radiological outcome of the surgical treatment is satisfactory. Bang. J Neurosurgery 2021; 11(1): 13-17

Taxibike (grab) is a pick-up service with a modern, order-based Taxibike. Taxibike is a two-wheeled motor vehicle that is a very effective transportation.This application allows users who can order Taxibike online. Also known as a modern and professional Taxibike. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of online Taxibike in public services in Malang Regency. This research is a qualitative research with a qualitative description approach. The purpose of this research is to examine natural objects, to get an overview of the development of the transportation industry and the contribution of online Taxibike to public service in Indonesia, especially the Grab company. The results of this study indicate that the contribution of this online transportation application work system has a major impact on improving driver performance and is very beneficial for consumers and drivers of online transportation companies. Also this online Taxibike is a breakthrough in online business which is currently in demand by the Indonesian people, especially in the Malang district.

BACKGROUND: Stunting is a global health emergency, including in Indonesia. The prevalence of childhood stunting in 2019 in Enrekang amounted to 44.8%. Enrekang Regency is the area with the highest stunting and is an endemic area. Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) is thought to be correlated with the incidence of stunting. AIM: This study aims to identify the determinants of stunting in elementary school children in IDDs endemic areas in the Enrekang Regency. METHODS: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects of this study were mothers and their children aged 6–12 years. 100 total samples were collected based on the purposive sampling method. Collecting data using a questionnaire, FFQ, iodine test kit, microtia, and palpation. Data analysis using chi-square and logistic regression. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a relationship between maternal height (p = 0.020), diet (p = 0.049), PHBS practice (p = 0.012) on the incidence of stunting. While the use of iodized salt (p = 0.510) and palpation of the thyroid gland (p = 1000) were not associated with stunting. Lack of PHBS practices for children has a 6333-fold chance of experiencing stunting, while stunted mothers have a 5.583-fold chance of giving birth to stunting children. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between mother’s height, child’s diet, and PHBS practice with stunting. Analysis of determinants related to the incidence of stunting is very important so that it becomes input and empirical evidence to the regional governments in formulating policies to overcome the problem of stunting, which is the highest in South Sulawesi.

To assess whether some, or all, of the mesh needs to be removed when a midurethral sling is removed for complications.A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. MEDLINE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from January 1, 1996, through May 1, 2021, were searched for articles that met the eligibility criteria with total, partial, or a combination of anti-incontinence mesh removal.All study designs were included (N≥10), and a priori criteria were used for acceptance standards. Studies were extracted for demographics, operative outcomes, and adverse events. Meta-analysis was performed when possible.We double-screened 11,887 abstracts; 45 eligible and unique studies were identified. Thirty-five were single-group studies that evaluated partial mesh removal, five were single-group studies that evaluated total mesh removal, and five were studies that compared partial mesh removal with total mesh removal. All of the studies were retrospective in nature; there were no randomized controlled studies. Comparative studies demonstrated that partial mesh removal had lower rates of postoperative stress urinary incontinence (SUI) than total mesh removal (odds ratio 0.46, 95% CI 0.22-0.96). Single-group studies supported lower rates of postoperative SUI with partial mesh removal compared with total mesh removal (19.2% [95% CI 13.5-25.7] vs 48.7% [95% CI 31.2-66.4]). Both methods were similar with respect to associated pain, bladder outlet obstruction, mesh erosion or exposure, and lower urinary tract symptoms. Adverse events were infrequent.Postoperative SUI may be lower with partial mesh removal compared with total mesh removal. Other outcomes were similar regardless of the amount of mesh removed.PROSPERO, CRD 42018093099.

BACKGROUND: Functional instant porridge is a porridge that has undergone further processing so that when it is served, no further cooking is required. AIM: The present study was conducted to determine the anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anthocyanin contents of the formulation of Japanese taro flour and purple sweet potato flour. METHODS: The materials used in this study were Japanese taro, purple sweet potato, tempeh, and celery leaves. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and two replications, and the ratio of Japanese taro flour and sweet potato flour in % (w/w) were A = 75:0, B = 50:25, C = 37.5:37.5, D = 25:50 and E = 0:75. RESULTS: The results showed that the variations in those ratios were significantly different (p < 0.05) on the content of anti-diabetes, antioxidants, and anthocyanins. The best formulation chosen was a ratio of Japanese taro flour and purple sweet potato flour of 37.5:37.5% (w/w) (formulation C). This formulation resulted in anti-diabetic content (inhibitory of α-glucosidase enzyme of 6.149%) antioxidant IC50 of 112.86 ppm and anthocyanin content of 3.19 mg/100 g). CONCLUSION: The most significant inhibitory activity of α-glycosidic enzyme was 43.16% in formulation E of the functional instant porridge. Moreover, the most significant antioxidant activity was 45.69% in formulation C of the functional instant porridge.

Tinjauan pustaka perlu dilakukan dalam suatu penelitian, akan tetapi karena minimnya referensi terkait penyusunan tinjauan pustaka, masih banyak peneliti yang tidak memahami bagaimana menyusun sebuah tinjauan pustaka yang akan membantunya dalam pencarian novelty penelitiannya serta posisi penelitiannya ada di area mana,. Untuk itu, tujuan penulisan artikel ini memberikan panduan tentang penyusunan tinjauan pustaka dengan metode penyusunan artikel menggunakan identifikasi wacana dari berbagai sumber serta analisis deskriptif berupa review penerapan tinjauan pustaka dalam karya ilmiah sebagai studi kasus. Terdapat tinjauan pustaka Scoping Review yang memiliki 6 tahapan di mana tahapan terakhir merupakan optional. Pada tahap ke-3 banyak penelitian menggunakan framework PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) untuk proses seleksi sumber literatur yang telah dikumpulkan. Pada artikel ini, penulis menggunakan 2 disertasi (dalam dan luar negeri) dan 1 jurnal publikasi (dalam negeri) sebagai studi kasus. Langkah-langkah metode Scoping Review yang dikerjakan sudah sesuai teori. Pada disertasi dalam negeri, tinjauan pustaka digunakan sebagai salah satu metode penelitian yang membantu peneliti dalam menyusun model pengukuran teknologi informasi sebagai dasar rekomendasi kebijakan yang akan diusulkan, sedangkan untuk disertasi luar negeri dan jurnal dalam negeri menggunakan Scoping Review sebagai metode utama penelitian (a stand-alone review) untuk menghasilkan usulan theoritical framework

This article investigates the role of Ashab al-Jawiyyin in the spreading of hadith in the nusantara in the 17th century. It is an interesting topic since the ulama of hadith from Indonesia to Mecca then come back to Indonesia they can assimilate with the indigenous culture of Indonesia. By departing from the data described by Azra, we explore how the role of ashab al-jawiyyin has significant contribution in the spread of hadith in Indonesia. We argue that, the ideas brought by Ashab al-Jawiyyin were influenced by middle east Muslim scholars who have interdisciplinary scientific competence. The intersection of tariqa with a network of hadiths met through the sanad. Sanad, in both disciplines occupies a very central position. It then maintained the network structure both in the tariqa and in the transmission of hadith. Starting from Syibgatullah (1606) then Ahmad Syinwani (1619), Ahmad al-Qusyashi (1661), Ibrahim al-Kurani (1690), Abdullah bin Shaykh al-‘Aydarus (1663), Ba Shayban (1656), and Isa al-Maghribi (1669), they are the key main networks that made ashab al-Jawiyyin existed. The figures mentioned above are the majority figures of tariqa, hadith, sharia, fiqh and ushul fiqh. From Nuruddin al-Raniry and Abdurrauf al-Singkili that in which later from them the transmission of the distribution and writing of hadith began to be recorded well in the hands of their generations.

Cyclopropane rings are an important structural motif frequently found in many natural products and pharmaceuticals. Commonly, biocatalytic methodologies for the asymmetric synthesis of cyclopropanes rely on repurposed or artificial heme enzymes. Here, we engineered an unusual cofactor‐independent cyclopropanation enzyme based on a promiscuous tautomerase for the enantioselective synthesis of various cyclopropanes via the nucleophilic addition of diethyl 2‐chloromalonate to α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. The engineered enzyme promotes formation of the two new carbon‐carbon bonds with excellent stereocontrol over both stereocenters, affording the desired cyclopropanes with high diastereo‐ and enantiopurity (d.r. up to 25:1; e.r. up to 99:1). Our results highlight the usefulness of promiscuous enzymes for expanding the biocatalytic repertoire for non‐natural reactions., Engineering of a promiscuous 4‐oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4‐OT) resulted in an unusual cofactor‐independent cyclopropanation enzyme that promotes the stereoselective addition of diethyl 2‐chloromalonate to substituted cinnamaldehydes to afford various cyclopropanes with high diastereo‐ and enantiopurity.

This research examined the influence of farmer groups, the role of cooperatives, and derivative products on the income of farmers of palm oil in East Aceh Regency. There were 100 oil palm smallholders appointed to represent all oil palm smallholders in East Aceh Regency using convenience sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires distributed by research assistants. The question items were based on the indicators of each variable and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that farmer groups significantly and positively affected the income of farmers. The role of cooperatives and derivative products had no significant effect on the income of farmers. The results provide theoretical implications about the substantial roles of farmer groups formed based on adjacent plots of land in increasing the income of oil palm farmers. Oil palm smallholders need to build local community cohesion, values, and principles of togetherness among farmer members, between cooperatives and cooperative members to realize higher welfare for oil palm smallholders.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with anti-TNF therapy exhibit attenuated humoral immune responses to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. The gut microbiota and its functional metabolic output, which are perturbed in IBD, play an important role in shaping host immune responses. We explored whether the gut microbiota and metabolome could explain variation in anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses in immunosuppressed IBD patients. Methods: Faecal and serum samples were prospectively collected from infliximab-treated patients with IBD in the CLARITY-IBD study undergoing vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Antibody responses were measured following two doses of either ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 vaccine. Patients were classified as having responses above or below the geometric mean of the wider CLARITY-IBD cohort. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and bile acid profiling with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were performed on faecal samples. Univariate, multivariable and correlation analyses were performed to determine gut microbial and metabolomic predictors of response to vaccination. Findings: Forty-three infliximab-treated patients with IBD were recruited (30 Crohn's disease, 12 ulcerative colitis, 1 IBD-unclassified; 26 with concomitant thiopurine therapy). Eight patients had evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Seventeen patients (39.5%) had a serological response below the geometric mean. Gut microbiota diversity was lower in below average responders (p = 0.037). Bilophila abundance was associated with better serological response, while Streptococcus was associated with poorer response. The faecal metabolome was distinct between above and below average responders (OPLS-DA R2X 0.25, R2Y 0.26, Q2 0.15; CV-ANOVA p = 0.038). Trimethylamine, isobutyrate and omega-muricholic acid were associated with better response, while succinate, phenylalanine, taurolithocholate and taurodeoxycholate were associated with poorer response. Interpretation: Our data suggest that there is an association between the gut microbiota and variable serological response to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patients. Microbial metabolites including trimethylamine may be important in mitigating anti-TNF-induced attenuation of the immune response. Funding: JLA is the recipient of an NIHR Academic Clinical Lectureship (CL-2019-21-502), funded by Imperial College London and The Joyce and Norman Freed Charitable Trust. BHM is the recipient of an NIHR Academic Clinical Lectureship (CL-2019-21-002). The Division of Digestive Diseases at Imperial College London receives financial and infrastructure support from the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) based at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London. Metabolomics studies were performed at the MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre at Imperial College London; this work was supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC), the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) (grant number MC_PC_12025) and infrastructure support was provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility is a partnership between the University of Exeter Medical School College of Medicine and Health, and Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust. This project is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Exeter Clinical Research Facility. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.

We describe an unusual presentation of myeloperoxidase positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis managed by a multidisciplinary approach. A 75-year-old man gave a 3-week history of proximal lower limb weakness and exertional myalgia. His serum creatine kinase was normal and many of his non-specific symptoms suggested small vessel vasculitis. His investigations for common causes of muscle weakness were normal, and renal biopsy was normal despite haemoproteinuria. CT scan of the chest identified a pulmonary nodule of uncertain significance, not amenable to biopsy. MR scan of the thighs showed muscle oedema, and muscle biopsy confirmed typical features of vasculitis. Following high-dose corticosteroids his exertional myalgia quickly resolved and his normal mobility returned. Early immunosuppression is essential to improving clinical outcomes in ANCA-associated vasculitis, but diagnostic investigations often lack sensitivity.