Search

The objective of this study is to determine the role of perceived belief control and intention in the behavioural emotion regulation of Pakistani students. Indeed, the behaviour of every student is different from that of each other, and due to this behavioural change, every individual has a different value. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was developed to determine the relationship between innovative machine learning behaviour and behavioural emotion regulation. The study found that innovative machine learning is critical with the mediating role of perceived belief control and intention to influence students' behavioural emotions in higher educational institutes. In the same way, the study has significant theoretical implications as it contributes to knowledge in a unique framework. Meanwhile, the practical implications of the research are also important to consider for better control and regulation of human behaviour with the help of perceived belief control and intention. The directions for future studies are also presented in the last section of the study.

In Pakistan, consumers’ brand loyalty is changing due to emergence of advanced and modern marketing strategies. Therefore, the bricks and clicks businesses are facing allot of challenges because of deviating consumer behaviors in showrooming and webrooming modes. This study aims to explore webrooming as an appropriate strategy for developing brand loyalty for bricks and clicks businesses in Pakistan. The target population of this study was the consumers who purchased different online brands in Pakistan. The data was collected on a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed through Smart PLS 3.0. This research concludes that bricks and clicks businesses can utilize webrooming to develop brand loyalty by modifying consumer behavior through Instagram marketing. This contribution to the body of literature is remarkable as this area of research was not considered by any earlier studies in consumer behavior domains. The academic and marketing implications of this study are appropriate for developing strategies to modify consumer behavior for brand loyalty with Instagram marketing and webrooming.

The Marketers and residents of tourist places are facing tourism promotion-related challenges. The trends of digital marketing are stimulating traditional marketers for tourism promotion. Recently, the trend of digital media influencers has been getting considerable attention among marketing academicians and practitioners. However, this study aims to determine the role of modern digital marketing tools for green tourism promotion of foreign tourism in Pakistan. Consequently, 450 questionnaires for data collection were distributed among foreign tourists visiting different tourist destinations. The Partial Least Square (PLS) software was used to analyze the data, and the threshold for significant variables was (P

The online brands in Pakistan are facing brand loyalty issues as the market is new and emerging for Pakistani consumers. The less satisfaction of consumers with different operations of online businesses is the fundamental reason for this loyalty challenge. The purpose of this study is to identify different factors that are contributing to the brand loyalty of online businesses in Pakistan. The Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data from the Pakistani people with a random sampling technique. The Partial Least Square (PLS) method is used to test the relationship between different variables of the study. The study highlights that effective payment method, low distribution charges and low transit time has key responsibility for brand loyalty of the Pakistani customers with moderating role of effective management. The study is a contribution to literature and knowledge as the framework of the study contains significant variables. The practical implications of this study would provide a way for online businesses in Pakistan to develop brand loyalty.

Brand equity development has become a challenge for modern brands. Marketing innovation and changing consumer value perceptions are causing consumers to leapfrog, posing a challenge for brand equity development. The data for this study was collected with random sampling techniques. 450 respondents were considered to collect data on the Likert scale questionnaire. The Partial Least Square (PLS) method of data analysis was used in this study for data analysis. According to the findings of the study, brand personality, customer satisfaction, consumer lifestyle, marketing innovation, and consumer changing value perception all have a significant impact on brand equity. The significant framework of this study is a contribution to the body of knowledge as it describes the significant relationship between different variables critical for brand equity development. Furthermore, this study provides business implications for brands working in Pakistan to improve brand equity with realistic results to influence the consumers for brand equity.

Thoracic Splenosis (TS) is a rare medical condition, where there is auto-transplantation of the splenic tissue in the thoracic cavity, often leading to pleural based nodules. Our patient is the first ever case of this condition in Pakistan, and underwent extensive diagnostic procedures as well as medical treatments, before receiving the diagnosis of TS. He underwent HRCT for chronic cough that revealed pleural and mediastinal nodules. This coupled with a vague mass in the testes led to the provisional diagnosis of metastasized testicular tumour, and later a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made. However, eventually a 99mTc denatured red blood cell scan confirmed the diagnosis of TS. TS is a benign condition, whereas other causes of pleural nodules are relatively malignant, hence its diagnosis is essential in ruling out malignancies. Among the multiple invasive and non-invasive diagnostic modalities, the gold standard remains 99mTc denatured red blood cell scan, which is a sensitive test that provides an accurate diagnosis and bars the need of multiple invasive procedures. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4563 How to cite this:Mehmood F, Murtaza MM, Ali S, Ashraf A. Thoracic Splenosis - A necessary differential diagnosis for pleural based nodules with history of thoracoabdominal trauma. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4563 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Objective: Antibiotic resistance is a global problem and is more prevalent in developing countries. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are recognized as important pathogen for nosocomial infections. This study was carried out to identify CoNS in various clinical specimens and to determine its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: A total of 2989 specimens of blood, pus and wound swab were collected from wards, casualty, ICU and OPD, out of these, staphylococci were isolated in 1000 specimens, of which 381 were identified as CoNS. Culture, gram stain, catalase, coagulase test and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern were done according to clinical manual of microbiology. A total of fourteen antibiotics were used in this study. Susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: Antimicrobial resistance of CoNS were Oxacillin (70.3%), Amoxicillin (74.8%), Amoxicillin+clavulanate (32.8%), Ciprofloxacin (35.2%), Ofloxacin (33.6%), Ceftriaxone (30.4%), Erythromycin (58.3%), Clindamycin (16.3%), Daptomycin (42.5%), Kanamycin (52.2%), Fusidic acid (41.7%), Doxycycline (24.7%), Vancomycin (2.6%) and Linezolid (0.8%). Maximum Oxacillin resistance was between 80 to 90 percent in a group of patients having age of 45 to 65 years and those suffering from cancer or admitted in ICU. Conclusion: The study concluded that CoNS showed significant level of resistance against most of the widely used therapeutic agents.