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Mit ihren faszinierenden biologischen Profilen und erstaunlich komplexen Architekturen waren die polycyclischen polyprenylierten Acylphloroglucine (PPAPs) seit langem ein ertragreiches Gebiet fur Organiker. Besonders das jungste Aufkommen innovativer Synthesemethoden und -strategien, in Verbindung mit C-C-Bindungsbildungsreaktionen und der asymmetrischen Katalyse, hat dieses Gebiet stark wiederbelebt. Infolgedessen konnte nun Synthesen von PPAP-Zielstrukturen realisiert werden, die fruher unmoglich erschienen. Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist die Darstellung kurzlich komplettierter Totalsynthesen von PPAPs und der bemerkenswerten Methoden, die fur die Konstruktion des Bicyclo[3.3.1]-Kernes dieser chemisch und biologisch faszinierenden Molekule entwickelt wurden.

We report a flexible de novo synthesis of phenolic dihydroxanthene fluorophores. The synthesis relies on a one-pot formation of an aldehyde intermediate which can be diversified in 60–70% overall yield, providing an efficient access to this family of near-infrared emitting fluorophores.

The synthesis of various 3-fluoro-2-hetarylindoles through addition of indoles, pyrroles, or alkyl-substituted furans to 3,3-difluoroindolium ions generated in situ by zinc triflate-catalyzed oxazolidine ring opening is described.

Desmoplastic fibroma or desmoid bone tumor is a rare tumor described for the first time by Jaffe in 1958. It accounts for 0.1 to 0.3% of all benign bone tumors. To date, about 150 cases involving the locomotor system have been reported. Histology is required for certain diagnosis of desmoplastic fibroma. The tumor is composed of sparse fibroblasts in a rich background of collagen fibers, a histological presentation exactly the same as soft tissue desmoid fibroma. We report two new cases of desmoplastic fibroma of the locomotor system. The observations illustrate the radiological diagnosis. MRI was used to search for local extension in bone or soft tissues. Biopsy is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. The histological presentation may be difficult to recognized and distinguish from low grade fibrosarcoma. After treatment, the rate of local recurrence is high in the event of partial resection. Surgery is the optimal treatment, with tumor resection as wide as possible depending on the localization.

Review: [chemical approaches directed toward the total synthesis of (+)-hyperforin and its analogues; 140 refs.

The use of an O-nucleophile tethered to the indole nitrogen atom enables the synthesis of polycyclic fluorinated indoline derivatives from simple precursors in moderate yields.

In this tutorial review, recent advances in the synthesis of cyclopropane-containing natural products are discussed, highlighting the application of novel synthetic methodologies and innovative synthetic strategies in the construction of highly functionalized cyclopropanes. The examples showcased herein aim to inspire students and practitioners of organic synthesis to seek further advances in the chemical synthesis of cyclopropanes, both in the context of target-oriented syntheses and method developments.

With their fascinating biological profiles and stunningly complex molecular architectures, the polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) have long provided a fertile playing field for synthetic organic chemists. In particular, the recent advent of innovative synthetic methods and strategies together with C-C bond-forming reactions and asymmetric catalysis have revitalized this field tremendously. Consequently, PPAP targets which once seemed beyond reach have now been synthesized. This Review aims to highlight the recent achievements in the total synthesis of PPAPs, as well as notable methods developed for the construction of the bicyclo[3.3.1] core of these chemically and biologically intriguing molecules.

In the long lasting battle against cancer, Nature sometimes gives a helping hand to researchers to find new drugs for the treatment of diseases and improvement of patients' well-being. Englerin A has emerged as a promising anticancer candidate as well as being an exciting synthetic challenge for organic chemists. This focus review summarizes the total syntheses reported to date and the synthetic approaches toward analogues of this fascinating natural product.

Synthesis and chemiluminescent properties of a new 1,2-dioxetane chemiluminophore bearing a 7-hydroxycoumarin moiety are presented. The 1,2-dioxetane decomposition ended up with strong and long-lived emission of light. This new structure opens way to the development of a new generation of bright chemiluminescent bio-probes.

Purpose: Chlor-alkali plants are one of the most important point sources of mercury to aquatic environment. The problem of Hg contamination has been studied in a region, Rm Valcea (Romania), impacted by the wastewater discharge of a chlor-alkali plant. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the current status of mercury pollution in the Babeni reservoir (Olt River) and the exposure of local population via fish consumption to mercury originating from the chlor-alkali plant. Methods: Sediments were collected from Valcea, Govora and Babeni reservoirs. Grain size distribution, organic content and total mercury (THg) concentrations were analysed in sediments. Fish were purchased from local anglers, and the scalp hair was collected from volunteers. THg in sediment, fish and hair samples was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Hg determination. Monomethylmercury (MMHg) was analysed in the muscle and liver tissues by species-specific isotope dilution and capillary gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Results: High mercury concentrations were found in the sediments and in fish from Babeni reservoir, with a median of 2.1mg/kg (IQR = 3.2) in sediments and a mean value of 1.8 ± 0.8mg/kg_ww in fish muscle. MMHg concentrations in fish were well above the WHO guidelines for fish consumption. Local population consuming fish from the Babeni reservoir had THg concentrations in hair significantly higher than those consuming fish from upstream reservoirs and/or from the shops and reached a median value of 2.5mg/kg (IQR = 3.6). Conclusions: The remnant pollution in the fish of this reservoir, and probably many other lakes and reservoirs receiving Hg polluted wastewater, represents a considerable health risk for the local fish consumers

Introduction L’objet de ce travail est de rapporter les resultats cliniques et radiologiques de 25 osteotomies femorales associees a la mise en place d’une prothese totale de hanche (22 patients). Materiel et methodes Cette technique a ete retenue en presence de coxarthrose associee a un cal vicieux (n = 5), a une inegalite de longueur (n = 4) ou dans le cadre d’une dysplasie de la hanche (n = 16). Il s’agissait d’osteotomies de derotation, raccourcissement ou de correction angulaire. Le recul minimum retenu comme critere d’inclusion etait de 24 mois. L’osteotomie etait realisee en situation sous trochanterienne. L’implant utilise etait un implant sans ciment de type revision : Integrale® de reprise (Amplitude ™). L’evaluation clinique des patients a ete realisee au moyen du score PMA et du score de Harris. L’evaluation radiologique a permis de definir le delai de consolidation et d’eventuelles mobilisations d’implant. Resultats Le recul etait en moyenne de plus de 3 ans. Les score PMA et Harris preoperatoires etaient respectivement de 7,8 et 34,8. Au dernier recul, ils etaient en moyenne de 16 et de 93. Une nette amelioration a ete retrouvee notamment sur les hanches dysplasiques au niveau de la boiterie. Toutes les osteotomies etaient consolidees a 3 mois excepte pour 2 patients (1 retard de consolidation et 1 pseudarthrose). Discussion et conclusion Dans les dysplasies de hanche, cette technique chirurgicale a permis de reconstruire l’articulation coxofemorale en placant l’implant acetabulaire dans le paleo-acetabulum et en restaurant le bras de levier des muscles abducteurs. Aucune liberation musculo-tendineuse n’a ete necessaire afin de permettre la reduction prothetique. Les resultats a court terme sont encourageants d’un point de vue clinique et radiologique. La chirurgie assistee par ordinateur devrait permettre de gagner en precision dans l’orientation des implants.

Introduction Les conflits intra-prothetiques sont a l’origine des problemes d’instabilite, d’usure et de descellement. Nous presentons notre experience de l’utilisation d’un logiciel de navigation pour prothese totale de la hanche permettant d’optimiser le positionnement et le fonctionnement relatif des implants prothetiques. Materiel et methode Nous avons etudie de facon prospective et continue 130 protheses totales de hanche implantees chez 128 patients de septembre 2005 a fevrier 2007. Les indications etaient 93 coxarthroses, 23 necroses de la tete femorale et 14 arthrites inflammatoires. Les patients etaient 68 hommes (58 ans en moyenne) et de 60 femmes (60 ans en moyenne). Les implants utilises etaient sans ciment recouverts d’hydroxyapatite, avec un couple metal/polyethylene dans 16 cas et ceramique/ceramique dans 114 cas. La technique chirurgicale naviguee etait basee sur l’acquisition peroperatoire des structures osteoarticulaires et sur un referentiel fonctionnel prenant en compte la hanche en position neutre, simulant la position debout. Nous avons etudie les resultats a court terme de cette technique naviguee concernant : la morbidite propre a la navigation, le positionnement radiologique des implants acetabulaires et la lateralisation ou medialisation globale du membre et sa longueur. Resultats La longueur du membre opere etait restituee de facon satisfaisante dans 85 % des cas (ILMI Discussion et conclusion Il s’agit d’un systeme de navigation permettant de s’affranchir du plan anatomique pelvien anterieur. Cette navigation nous parait reellement fonctionnelle, liant la cupule au femur dans un cone de mobilite stable et sans conflit intra-prothetique. Cette technique nous a permis de reproduire la programmation preoperatoire de facon fiable. Il ne nous semble pas exister de position « standard » de l’implant acetabulaire : la position de l’implant acetabulaire est a adapter a l’anatomie fonctionnelle propre de chaque patient et egalement au positionnement de l’implant femoral. Ceci permet d’optimiser la stabilite et le fonctionnement du couple prothetique. La simulation de la position du membre inferieur patient debout est le point-cle du systeme. Elle reste perfectible car on ne connait pas l’impact de la liberation de la hanche sur la position erigee notamment dans le plan sagittal, au niveau du complexe lombopelvi-femoral.