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Noise exposure may cause auditory and extra-auditory effects. School teachers and students are exposed to high noise levels which have an impact on perceptual-cognitive and neurobehavioral aspects. The latter influence teaching conditions and student school performance. A Protocol was defined and parameters to be investigated were identified for acoustic characterization of unoccupied and occupied school environments, assessment of users by means of questionnaires completed by teachers and students, and vocal effort evaluation. Classrooms, laboratories, auditoriums, gymnasiums, common areas, canteens and outdoor areas were analysed in terms of acoustic features and identification of the origin of noise. The Protocol was tested in three kindergartens, three primary schools and three secondary schools placed in Rome, Florence and Perugia. Results of nine case studies are presented, including comparisons of objective and subjective investigations. Generally, the acoustic performances of the spaces under investigation do not meet the requirements of current Italian legislation. In particular, student activity determines high noise levels in laboratories, gymnasiums, and canteens. Students notice that noise mainly causes loss of concentration, fatigue, boredom, and headache. The outcomes of this research will be the starting point to define strategies and solutions for noise control and mitigation in schools and to draft guidelines for the acoustical school design.

The literature suggests that maintaining correct posture depends on a balance between orientation and balance, which is linked to the reflex relationship between the oculomotor system and the superior cervical spine. Any disruption to this relationship can cause postural deviation, as the posture is dependent on head balance and eye horizontality. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cervical posture alterations, such as head tilt, rotation, and protrusion, scapular waist changes, scoliosis, kyphosis, and lumbar hyperlordosis, in patients with oculomotor disturbances, including convergent, divergent, and vertical squint, and convergence insufficiency. The study evaluated 24 patients aged between 4 and 39 years old, both male and female, through ocular motility and postural examination. The results showed that all patients with oculomotor disturbances also had postural imbalances, and the percentage of alterations in the posture segments was high. Therefore, oculomotor disturbances can cause postural imbalance, leading to orthopedic and facial asymmetry. The study concluded that patients with oculomotor disturbances should be evaluated to determine the compensatory positions they adopt and set a better visual performance that does not alter their appearance in the long term.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biofilm production, the susceptibility profile and the detection of resistance genes present in Salmonella spp isolates from fresh chicken carcasses sold in a Brazilian metropolis. From a total of 61 samples of fresh poultry carcasses, 21 were positive for the presence of Salmonella spp. Regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility test, (13/21) isolates tested were resistant to at least one antibiotic, corresponding to 61.9%, and 38% (08/21) were Resistant to Multiple Drugs. At least two resistance genes were identified in all isolates, especially the genes related to β-lactamases and Quinolones resistance. It was also observed that some Salmonella spp isolates showed identical genetic patterns. And all 21 isolates were able to form biofilm. The identification of Salmonella spp. biofilm forming and carrying different β-lactamase genes and determinants of resistance to quinolones demonstrates the capacity of these bacteria to accumulate various mechanisms of virulence and resistance to antimicrobials. Therefore, the spread of different clonal groups of Salmonella spp. MDR in poultry meat carcasses expressed in this attest to the need for effective controls to contain this microorganism, which besides being a risk to public health, is also responsible for considerable economic losses.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la producción de biofilm, el perfil de susceptibilidad y la detección de genes de resistencia presentes en aislados de Salmonella spp de canales frescas de pollo vendidas en una metrópoli brasileña. De un total de 61 muestras de canales frescas de aves de corral, 21 fueron positivas para la presencia de Salmonella spp. En cuanto a la prueba de sensibilidad antimicrobiana, (13/21) los aislamientos probados fueron resistentes a al menos un antibiótico, correspondiente al 61,9%, y el 38% (08/21) fueron resistentes a múltiples fármacos. Se identificaron al menos dos genes de resistencia en todos los aislamientos, especialmente los genes relacionados con la resistencia a β-lactamasas y quinolonas. También se observó que algunos aislados de Salmonella spp mostraron patrones genéticos idénticos. Y los 21 aislados fueron capaces de formar biopelícula. La identificación del biofilm de Salmonella spp. formando y portando diferentes genes de β-lactamasa y determinantes de resistencia a quinolonas demuestra la capacidad de estas bacterias para acumular diversos mecanismos de virulencia y resistencia a antimicrobianos. Por lo tanto, la propagación de diferentes grupos clonales de Salmonella spp. MDR en canales de carne de aves de corral expresada en este atestiguan la necesidad de controles efectivos para contener este microorganismo, que además de ser un riesgo para la salud pública, también es responsable de considerables pérdidas económicas.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de biofilme, o perfil de suscetibilidade e a detecção de genes de resistência presentes em isolados de Salmonella spp de carcaças frescas de frango comercializadas em uma metrópole brasileira. De um total de 61 amostras de carcaças frescas de aves, 21 foram positivas para a presença de Salmonella spp. Em relação ao teste de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos, (13/21) os isolados testados foram resistentes a pelo menos um antibiótico, correspondendo a 61,9%, e 38% (21/08) foram resistentes a múltiplas drogas. Pelo menos dois genes de resistência foram identificados em todos os isolados, especialmente os genes relacionados às β-lactamases e à resistência às quinolonas. Observou-se também que alguns isolados de Salmonella spp apresentaram padrões genéticos idênticos. E todos os 21 isolados foram capazes de formar biofilme. A identificação do biofilme de Salmonella spp. formando e transportando diferentes genes β-lactamase e determinantes da resistência às quinolonas demonstra a capacidade dessas bactérias de acumular vários mecanismos de virulência e resistência aos antimicrobianos. Portanto, a disseminação de diferentes grupos clonais de Salmonella spp. MDR em carcaças de carne de aves de capoeira expressas neste atestam a necessidade de controles efetivos para conter esse microrganismo, que além de ser um risco para a saúde pública, também é responsável por perdas econômicas consideráveis.

O presente artigo traz um estudo sistemático da literatura na temática das práticas pedagógicas da educação física e inclusão de alunos com deficiência intelectual, e teve como objetivo analisar metodologias de ensino inclusivo para pessoas com DI. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica de publicações de artigos, em bases de dados pré-estabelecidas, utilizando as palavras-chave "Deficiência Intelectual", "Práticas Pedagógicas", "Metodologia" e "Educação Física". Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão da pesquisa, obtivemos 5 artigos, nos quais destacamos as temáticas da dança e expressão corporal e a tutoria com jogos pré-desportivos como possibilidades de práticas pedagógicas para a inclusão, desenvolvimento e ensino-aprendizagem. Conclui-se com a pesquisa que poucos estudos estão sendo publicados nessa temática, entretanto, os estudos encontrados trazem propostas pedagógicas significativas nas aulas de educação física, que foram e são de suma importância no contexto da inclusão. Recebido em: 10/07/2022 Reformulado em: 19/08/2022 Aceito em: 19/08/2022

Small bowel diverticulosis (excluding Meckel's diverticulum) is a rare condition, which predominates in older adults. It is theorized that irregular intestinal contractions lead to increased segmental intraluminal pressure, favouring diverticula formation. This diverticulum may develop life threatening complications. Clinical record of a patient who attends the emergency service of an IMSS hospital in Ciudad Juárez, including clinical symptoms, imaging, surgical management and pathological anatomy. Patient presented to the emergency room with a clinical and imaging picture of intestinal obstruction. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, finding a diverticular disease of the small intestine complicated by diverticular perforation, which was confirmed by histopathological study. Due to its high morbidity and mortality, non-Meckel's diverticulitis of the small intestine is a pathology that should be considered as a differential diagnosis in adults over 70 years of age with abdominal pain.

La investigación sobre enseñanza de matemática en primer ciclo del Centro Regional de Educación “Mariscal Francisco Solano López” de la ciudad de Pilar empleó una metodología descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo mediante entrevista a cuatro docentes, una coordinadora pedagógica y un cuestionario a 203 padres de familia en un tiempo de aplicación transversal. Se describió el objeto de estudio: desarrollo de la enseñanza de matemática en el año 2021, especificando medios aplicados por docentes, instrumentos de evaluación utilizados, formación académica y disponibilidad institucional de medios tecnológicos. Se demostró que el desarrollo de la enseñanza se dio por plataforma Tu Escuela en Casa perteneciente al Ministerio de Educación y Ciencias con apoyo de telefonía celular, evaluados mediante instrumentos proveídos por la plataforma del MEC y una lista de control de las tareas, teniendo los docentes una formación dada por cursos de capacitación y autoaprendizaje, aunque los medios institucionales de computadora con carrito móvil no generaron cambios en el modo de enseñanza ni aprendizaje. Concluyendo, el proceso pedagógico empleó recursos propiciados por otras fuentes para desarrollar las clases y evaluar lo aprendido, detectando que los propios recursos institucionales fueron escasos para dicho proceso.

11 p.-6 fig.-3 tab., Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from alcoholic beverages are able to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). The present work focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of the heteropolysaccharides (HePS) produced by Liquorilactobacillus sicerae CUPV261T (formerly known as Lactobacillus sicerae) and Secundilactobacillus collinoides CUPV237 (formerly known as Lactobacillus collinoides) strains isolated from cider. Genome sequencing and assembly enabled the identification of at least four putative HePS gene clusters in each strain, which correlated with the ability of both strains to secrete EPS. The crude EPS preparation from CUPV261T contained glucose, galactose and rhamnose, and that of CUPV237 was composed of glucose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. Both EPS were mixtures of HePS of different composition, with two major soluble components of average molecular weights (Mw) in the range of 106 and 104 g.mol-1. These HePS were resistant to gastric stress conditions in an in vitro model, and they significantly reduced zebrafish larvae mortality in an in vivo model of inflammatory bowel disease.

In this study, the anthropogenic contamination in Trasimeno lake (Central Italy) was investigated using three sediment cores spanning over the last 150 years (Anthropocene) to identify the primary sources of pollution and quantify the level of contaminant enrichment in the basin. First, based on the relative cumulative frequency and linear regression methods, we obtained a geochemical baseline for the lake using the deeper parts of the sediment cores. The geochemical baseline allowed us to determine the values of trace elements enrichment factors. On this knowledge, as a second result, we were able to reconstruct the natural sources and the anthropogenic impact on the lake with a biennial resolution. This goal has been obtained by combining different inorganic and organic chemical proxies such as trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and lead isotope ratios and exploiting both principal component and factor analysis to associate chemical proxies to human-driven contamination processes. Five different groups of elements have been identified, one of which is of natural origin and four of anthropogenic origin. In particular, it was possible to identify the times and impacts of the industrial activities during the Second World War, which dispersed heavy metals in sediments. Moreover, we found evidence of the recent human activities that have characterized the surroundings of the basin, such as Pb inputs related to the use of gasoline and the enrichment of certain elements generally used in agricultural activities (such as P, Cu, and Mn) due to the development of this sector in the last 40 years.

Aim: Analyze gender relationships and farmers' involvement in rice-bean (Vigna ambellata) production activities in selected regions of Nyanza, Kenya. Study Design: Ex post facto survey design was used. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in selected regions of Siaya, Kisii, and Migori between August 2020 and July 2021. Methodology: Questionnaires and interviews were administered to collect information from 103 households; Kisii (18) Siaya (24) and Migori (61). Analysis was through the statistical package for social Scientist's version 26(SPSS; 26). ANOVA was used to determine the level of involvement by gender in rice-bean production, ordinal regression was used to determine the influence of gender on rice-bean production, and chi-square to determine the association between gender and rice-bean production. Results: The response rate was 100% (N=103). Women were more involved in rice-bean production with a production index of 2.96 compared to men who had a production index of 2.39 translating to a significant association between gender and production activities (F=50.189, P-val=0.00

Neste século moderno, ter domínio de um idioma significa crescimento, amadurecimento, e mais desenvoltura para acompanhar as mudanças universais, no entanto, muitas pessoas ainda apresentam dificuldades em apreender outra língua. Analisado o desempenho em várias faixas etárias, percebe-se que ocorrem no início da fase adulta. Diante dessa problemática, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral, conhecer o processo de aquisição e aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira; os objetivos específicos foram: observar a diferença entre a aquisição e a aprendizagem de uma segunda língua na fase adulto do indivíduo; considerar a significância em aprender a língua inglesa; reconhecer os principais fatores que dificultam esse tipo de aprendizagem, no período do Curso Livre de Inglês; realizar uma pesquisa na turma do primeiro semestre, de Língua Inglesa do Centro de Línguas Estrangeiras do Ceará (CLEC); averiguar a interação no ambiente de aprendizagem e o processo de aprendizagem da LI. No percurso metodológico se usou a pesquisa qualitativa, realizou-se estudos teóricos em relação a fase adulta, no que diz respeito a aquisição, e o modo de aprendizagem da LE. No que concerne aos resultados da pesquisa, identificou-se alguns fatores, em que se considera responsáveis por algumas dessas dificuldades, manifestadas no início da aprendizagem na fase adulta, e que na LI, maior parte dos alunos não tem rotina programada para estudar.

A análise da produção do espaço urbano de Belém, à luz da construção de identidades patrimoniais, mostra que a avenida 16 de Novembro exemplifica essa dinâmica cultural, tornando-a importante para a identidade territorial de Belém. O estudo que se propõe visa analisar a produção do espaço e espaços patrimonializados através do processo de (re)construção da estrada de São José (hoje avenida 16 de Novembro) em Belém. A metodologia é central na construção do plano de pesquisa, pois permite a visualização completa da hipótese estruturadora, aplicada à ideia de produção do espaço patrimonializado na avenida 16 de Novembro em Belém, com base no roteiro Geoturístico “Pela Estrada de São José”, além de expor a maneira pela qual se deu a (re)funcionalização no espaço urbano patrimonializado na avenida.

Aesthetics has an important role in determining the weight of karawitan. Aesthetics can also justify the creation of a composition. Naturally, if in the assessment of composition is always influenced by aesthetic factors to determine the high and low value of karawitan. However, aesthetic perspective also needs to be a reference to show the renewal of a karawitan. It's a form of creativity in art. One of the conceptions that can give aesthetic harmony in karawitan composition is the concept of tri mandala. Tri mandala is a three-dimensional philosophical concept of harmony that is usually a reference in the field of architecture to build sacred places, residences, and even traditional markets in Bali. Through the concept of Tri mandala, a karawitan harmony system that was originally oriented to the second dimension became developed into the third dimension. Therefore, the topic of tri mandala aesthetics in pasupati composition needs to be researched so that it can result in a new aesthetic point of view in karawitan. This topic is a type of qualitative research that is studied with several stages, namely: observation, consoralization, composite realization. The results showed that tri mandala renews the aesthetic value of a karawitan composition. The renewal is represented in a system of harmony, structure, and meaning. The connection of the three with the tri mandala is the third dimension. Everything refers to the power of three, the harmony of three, part three, and the meaning of three in the symbolization of the three realms namely, bhur, bwah, and swah.

Objective: to describe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage in the Northeast region of Brazil, in the period from 2013 to 2021. Methods: this was a descriptive study conducted with data obtained from the National Immunization Program, which sets a goal of 80% coverage of HPV vaccination in girls aged between 9 and 14 years and boys aged between 11 and 14 years. Results: HPV vaccination coverage in girls was 73.9%, regarding the first dose, and 54.3% regarding the second dose, and for boys, the coverage of each dose was 49.7% and 32.6%, respectively; with the exception of the states of Ceará and Paraíba, which reached coverage above 80% regarding the first dose in girls, none of the states reached the goal for both doses. Conclusions: between 2013 and 2021, HPV vaccination coverage was below the target for both sexes, with the exception of the states of Ceará and Paraíba, which reached the goal for the first dose in the girls. Resumen Objetivo: describir las coberturas de la vacuna contra el papilomavirus humano en la Región Nordeste de Brasil y sus estados, de 2013 a 2021. Métodos: se trata de un estudio descriptivo realizado con datos de cobertura vacunal obtenidos del Programa Nacional de Immunizaciones, que establece la meta del 80% para la vacuna. Los datos de población se obtuvieron del Departamento de Informática del Ministerio de Salud. Resultados: la cobertura de vacunación en niñas fue del 73,9% en la primera y del 54,3% en la segunda dosis; en niños la cobertura de cada dosis fue del 49,7% y 32,6%; Ceará y Paraíba alcanzaron una cobertura superior al 80% para la primera dosis en niñas, y ningún estado alcanzó la meta para las dos dosis. Conclusiones: la cobertura de la vacuna está por debajo de la meta para ambos sexos, con excepción de la primera dosis en niñas en Ceará y Paraíba. Resumo Objetivo: descrever a cobertura da vacina contra papilomavírus humano (HPV) na região Nordeste do Brasil, no período de 2013 a 2021. Métodos: estudo descritivo conduzido com dados obtidos do Programa Nacional de Imunizações, que estabelece a meta de 80% para a vacina contra o HPV para meninas entre 9 e 14 anos e meninos entre 11 e 14 anos. Resultados: as coberturas para as meninas foram de 73,9%, na primeira, e de 54,3% na segunda dose, e para meninos, as coberturas de cada dose foram de 49,7% e 32,6%, respectivamente; excetuando-se Ceará e Paraíba, que alcançaram coberturas acima de 80% na primeira dose para as meninas, nenhum estado alcançou a meta para as duas doses. Conclusões: entre 2013 e 2021, as coberturas da vacina contra HPV estiveram abaixo da meta para ambos os sexos, com exceção de Ceará e Paraíba, que atingiram a meta para a primeira dose no grupo de meninas.

Decentralization initiatives such as Solid, Digi.me, and ActivityPub aim to give data owners more control over their data and to level the playing field by enabling small companies and individuals to gain access to data, thus stimulating innovation. However, these initiatives typically use access control mechanisms that cannot verify compliance with usage conditions after access has been granted to others. In this paper, we extend the state of the art by proposing a resource governance conceptual framework, entitled ReGov, that facilitates usage control in decentralized web environments. We subsequently demonstrate how our framework can be instantiated by combining blockchain and trusted execution environments. Through blockchain technologies, we record policies expressing the usage conditions associated with resources and monitor their compliance. Our instantiation employs trusted execution environments to enforce said policies, inside data consumers’ devices. We evaluate the framework instantiation through a detailed analysis of requirments derived from a data market motivating scenario, as well as an assessment of the security, privacy, and affordability aspects of our proposal.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, adherence to hygiene measures is an objective aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality.To evaluate adherence to hand hygiene and protection measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital.Cross-sectional study on health personnel handwashing at the five moments recommended by the World Health Organization, as well as on the use of specific personal protective equipment.One hundred and seventeen hand hygiene opportunities were observed in health personnel. Hand washing was observed in 40 (34 %) and omission in 76 (65 %). Adherence to the use of face shield was observed in five (4 %), and lack of adherence in 112 (96%). Adherence to the use of face mask was observed in 65 nursing professionals (87 %), with appropriate use of the mask in 56 of them (60 %) and use of face shield in one (1 %).Health personnel showed low proportions of adherence to hand hygiene and use of equipment for specific protection during the COVID-19 pandemic.Ante la pandemia de COVID-19, el apego a las medidas de higiene es un objetivo para disminuir la morbimortalidad.Evaluar el apego a la higiene de manos y medidas de protección durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en un hospital de tercer nivel.Estudio transversal acerca del lavado de manos del personal de salud en los cinco tiempos recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, así como sobre el uso del equipo de protección personal específico.Fueron observadas 117 oportunidades de higiene de manos en personal de salud: 40 (34 %) respecto al lavado de manos y 76 (65 %) respecto a su omisión; sobre el apego al uso de careta en cinco (4 %) y sobre la falta de apego en 112 (96 %). Se identificó apego al uso de mascarilla en 65 profesionales de enfermería (87 %), uso adecuado de mascarilla en 56 de ellos (60 %) y uso de careta en uno (1 %).El personal mostró baja proporción de apego a la higiene de manos y al uso de equipo para la protección específica durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

The increase in Covid-19 cases raises various negative stigmas that develop in society, both inpatients and people with a high risk of being exposed to Covid-19, such as doctors, nurses, and other medical personnel. Stigma can appear in labeling, stereotyping, segregation, deprivation status, discrimination to people that are connected to Covid-19. This study aims to analyze the description of stigma and community behavior towards health workers and Covid-19 sufferers. The study method was a literature review with inclusion criteria in Indonesian or English, sourced from Proquest, PubMed, and Google Scholar from January-December 2020, which was available in full text, and using the keyword stigma among health workers and people with Covid-19. In this literature study, seven articles match the inclusion and exclusion criteria. From this literature review, it is known that the community carries various stigmas and behaviors towards health workers and Covid-19 patients with the causes and solutions that can be done. The negative stigma in Covid-19 patients and health workers must be nullified by optimal health literacy. The role of the government, health practitioners, and community leaders in providing education to the community regarding Covid-19 will help the community not attach a negative stigma to people affected by Covid-19. Keywords : Behavior, Covid-19, Health Worker, Patient, Stigma ABSTRAK Peningkatan kasus Covid-19 memunculkan berbagai stigma negatif yang berkembang di masyarakat, baik pada pasien maupun orang dengan risiko tinggi terpapar Covid-19 seperti dokter, perawat, dan tenaga medis lainnya. Stigma muncul dalam bentuk pemberian label, stereotip, pemisahan, penghilangan status dan diskriminasi pada orang yang berhubungan dengan Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih dalam gambaran stigma dan perilaku masyarakat pada tenaga kesehatan dan penderita Covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan kriteria inklusi bahasa Indonesia atau bahasa Inggris, bersumber dari Proquest, PubMed, dan Google Scholar sejak Januari - Desember 2020, tersedia dalam fulltext, dan menggunakan kata kunci stigma pada tenaga kesehatan dan penderita covid-19. Pada studi literatur ini didapatkan 7 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Dari tinjauan artikel ini di ketahui bahwa muncul berbagai stigma dan perilaku yang dilakukan masyarakat pada tenaga kesehatan maupun penderita Covid-19 beserta penyebab muncul dan proses penyelesaian yang dapat dilakukan. Stigma negatif pada penderita Covid-19 dan tenaga kesehatan harus dihilangkan dengan literasi kesehatan dari berbagai pihak. Peran dari pemerintah, praktisi kesehatan, dan tokoh masyarakat dalam memberikan edukasi pada masyarakat terkait Covid-19 akan membantu masyarakat untuk tidak melekatkan stigma negatif kepada orang yang terkena Covid-19.Kata kunci : Covid-19, Pasien, Perilaku, Stigma, Tenaga kesehatan

Este artigo objetiva analisar de que maneira o discurso de educação patrimonial substancia os usos do espaço patrimonializado do Centro Histórico de Belém (CHB). Trataremos da construção do Fórum Circular a partir da perspectiva teórica de participação popular. Buscamos também explorar como são discutidos no Fórum Circular os usos do espaço efetivados pelas ações desenvolvidas durante o Projeto Circular Campina-Cidade Velha (PC). Por fim, pretendemos identificar as práticas relacionadas à educação patrimonial desenvolvida pelo Projeto e tecer uma análise discursiva destas. Nossa ideia é defender a hipótese de que o PC desenvolve diversas práticas relacionadas ao uso dos espaços patrimonializados. Um dos discursos que sustentam tais práticas relaciona-se à educação patrimonial, por esta caracterizar um diálogo entre comunidades e agentes responsáveis por ações educativas. Assim, o discurso de educação patrimonial substancia os usos do patrimônio no espaço do CHB na efetivação do PC. Problematizamos a conexão do discurso de educação patrimonial produzido pelo PC com a espacialização das práticas realizadas pelos parceiros, evidenciando as forças na disputa pela tomada de decisão sobre o espaço patrimonializado. Somada a outras pesquisas sobre o tema, observamos a importância da educação patrimonial no contexto da participação popular. As implicações concentram-se nos direitos sociais, uma vez a educação patrimonial enquanto instrumento de valorização do patrimônio histórica das cidades, e no âmbito das políticas públicas, visto que a educação patrimonial pode ser vista como mecanismo de partida à formulação de políticas públicas de preservação do patrimônio ao passo que compõe estratégias de ativação social (BARROS, 2018).

A desospitalização é o termo utilizado para a saída do paciente do ambiente hospitalar para continuar recebendo cuidados de saúde em outro ambiente, e demonstra ser uma estratégia segura, que traz inúmeros benefícios, como redução do risco de infecção hospitalar, sempre por meio de uma assistência humanizada e com acompanhamento de equipe multiprofissional. O objetivo foi analisar as evidênciasdisponíveis na literatura sobre as perspectivas de desospitalização no Brasil no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), bem como a importância da assistência humanizada nesse processo. Para tanto, utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão narrativa, analisando artigos científicos acerca do tema entre 2009 e 2019 nos idiomas português e inglês, pesquisados nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e SciELO. Conclui-se que o processo de desospitalização deve ser individualizado, e as condutas dos profissionais delimitadas por um plano terapêutico direcionado para a assistência domiciliar, com aproximação entre profissionais da equipe multiprofissional e a família, promovendo orientações e treinamentos.

Neste trabalho é tensionado o direito à educação para as crianças com deficiências, garantido nos documentos legais, com as narrativas das mães de crianças com diagnóstico do espectro autista e suas lutas para matricular as crianças na escola. Foi percebido que as interpretações que existem na lei, como “preferencialmente na rede regular de ensino”, deixam a responsabilidade também para outras instituições educativas, que muitas vezes, criam barreiras para matricular as crianças. Nas narrativas das mães, são recorrentes as portas fechadas, mas elas insistem, encontram frestas e brechas para habitar a escola. Mães que tem suas histórias de vida invisibilizadas, enfrentam lutas (a) morosas por uma educação inclusiva. Narrativas são utilizadas como recurso metodológico, inspiradas em Benjamin, Portelli e Certeau, e a dimensão do acontecimento a partir de Deleuze, para a produção de novas maquinações. A Educação Especial no Brasil é marcada pela medicalização, e os efeitos mais devastadores dessa cultura medicalizante são percebidos nos discursos de docentes que se apresentam como incapazes de ensinar crianças com deficiência. Urge que a escola desse tempo de agora considere as diferenças como condição de existência de cada um.

O presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar um panorama das desigualdades de gênero no Brasil e de suas perspectivas. Propõe-se responder às seguintes perguntas: Qual é a medida das desigualdades de gênero atualmente no nosso país? Houve evolução nos últimos anos? Quais as principais ações, medidas e políticas públicas existentes? Estão essas produzindo efeitos? Para responder a essas indagações é realizado estudo de dados do IBGE, IPEA, OIT e OXFAM, relativamente a emprego, salário, escolaridade, segurança e representatividade, além de análise de legislação e doutrina nacional e estrangeira. O método utilizado é o dedutivo e a pesquisa bibliográfico-documental. Conclui-se que com relação ao emprego, diversas agendas devem ser implementadas, como a agenda parlamentar, a agenda sindical, a agenda feminista. Na área da segurança, para que a Lei Maria da Penha seja efetiva, na prática, além da manutenção de campanhas contra a violência doméstica e a mudança cultural, é necessário que as mulheres tenham à sua disposição a estrutura adequada pensada pela Lei. Com relação à representatividade, apesar da Lei de Cotas, ainda há muito a se evoluir neste campo, como melhor fiscalização dos recursos de campanha. Portanto, com relação às desigualdades de gênero no Brasil, os dados são preocupantes, pois mostram que essas desigualdades são estruturais e que somente a retomada de ações, medidas e políticas públicas poderá retirar o país da estagnação com relação a essas desigualdades.

Many people in Indonesia have been exposed to covid-19 since 2020. When suffering from covid-19, patients may experience some physical and psychological responses. Psychological responses experienced after being confirmed covid-19 are fear of clinical symptoms, inability to recover, becoming a burden to others, and fear of death. These responses can cause anxiety. This study aims to see the effect of social support on anxiety levels among Covid-19 survivors in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach by analyzing the influence between variables. The subjects in this study were 396 covid-19 survivors from age 19 until 34 in Indonesia. Data collection using 20 items from Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and 12 items from the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The data analysis uses simple linear regression. Based on the data analysis results, social support negatively affects anxiety levels among Covid-19 survivors when they are suffering from covid-19 (2.3%). At the same time, the other (97.7%) were influenced by other factors not measured in this study. This study also found that anxiety and social support didn’t significantly differ with gender, age, area, duration of exposure to covid-19, and treatment place.

Gelotophobia is the fear of someone being laughed at or looks ridiculous in the eyes of others which can cause the individual to withdraw from the surrounding environment and experience symptoms such as palpitations, shaking, shortness of breath, difficulty speaking, or even no expression at all which begins in childhood as a child as a result of the failed relationship between the baby and his caregiver, traumatic events that are repeated because of being laughed at and ridiculed, so that the bond between the child and his parents is not strong which affects the emergence of gelotophobia in children, especially if the parents do not show affection and warmth. This study aims to determine the effectt of parental attachment to the tendency of gelotophobia among children aged 16-18 years in Indonesia. This research uses a quantitative method with simple linear regression data analysis. The participants in this study were 443 people who were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) instrument, and the GELOPH-15 scale modified by the researcher and collected by questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant effect of parental attachment to the tendency of gelotophobia.

FTY720 is an FDA-approved sphingosine derivative drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. This compound blocks lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs and autoimmunity through sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor blockage. Drug repurposing of FTY720 has revealed improvements in glucose metabolism and metabolic diseases. Studies also demonstrate that preconditioning with this compound preserves the ATP levels during cardiac ischemia in rats. The molecular mechanisms by which FTY720 promotes metabolism are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that nanomolar concentrations of the phosphorylated form of FTY720 (FTY720-P), the active ligand of S1P receptor (S1PR), activates mitochondrial respiration and the mitochondrial ATP production rate in AC16 human cardiomyocyte cells. Additionally, FTY720-P increases the number of mitochondrial nucleoids, promotes mitochondrial morphology alterations, and induces activation of STAT3, a transcription factor that promotes mitochondrial function. Notably, the effect of FTY720-P on mitochondrial function was suppressed in the presence of a STAT3 inhibitor. In summary, our results suggest that FTY720 promotes the activation of mitochondrial function, in part, through a STAT3 action.

BACKGROUND: Fat, muscle, and bone are endocrine organs capable of affecting the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk. Relating these components is important to the establishment of early intervention strategies for overweight patients. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of body mass components on the metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients admitted for bariatric surgery at a university hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between 2018 and 2019. Body composition was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cardiovascular risk was assessed using the Framingham risk score. Data were collected on anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics. The lipid profile (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), blood glucose, and vitamin D were determined using the standard methods of the hospital laboratory. RESULTS: A total of 60 patients were analyzed, 86.7% of whom had comorbidities, 33.3% had moderate/high cardiovascular risk, and 71.4% had vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency. Lower lean body mass (adjusted PR 3.24; 95%CI 1.19–5.77) was independently associated with the severity of obesity. The body mass index and waist circumference were negatively correlated with lean body mass (r=-0.52; p

Background: Mood disorders also known as affective disorders include unipolar and bipolar disorders. Manic-depressive disorder, more contemporary identified as bipolar disorder, is a chronic and complex disorder. Mood stabilizers and antipsychotics are the mainstay of acute treatment for bipolar mania and depression. Lithium is the gold standard for treating bipolar disorder. Methodology: A narrative review was carried out through various databases from January 2009 to November 2021; the search and selection of articles was carried out in journals indexed in English. Keywords were used: Thyroid; lithium; bipolar; Thyroiditis; Goiter; Hypothyroidism. Results: Lithium is abundantly present at the thyroid level, the uptake of iodine being reduced. Causing as a collateral effect the increase in TSH, increasing uptake. These various alterations caused by lithium can lead to developing goiter and hypothyroidism, being the most frequent. Conclusions: This review offers an updated approach to the pathophysiological mechanisms caused by lithium as well as the main alterations produced by it.

A study of the radon activity concentration was carried out at the School of Computer Science of ‘Universidade da Coruña’ (UDC, Spain). For this purpose, building location, the type of soil and the construction materials were analysed. Subsequently, the radon activity concentration was determined using two different techniques: measurement in situ with an on-site ionization chamber detector (short term) and measurement with trace detectors (long term). Based on the results obtained, and according with the Spanish Law (Spanish Official Bulletin—Boletín Oficial del Estado, of 21 December 2011, IS-33 Instruction), corrective works were performed, consisting on the installation of a forced ventilation system underneath the extent of the suspended floor in order to mitigate the high radon specific activity in the building. Four months and 3 years after the works, new measurements were carried out in order to verify the effectiveness of the new ventilation system, obtaining a decrease of the radon gas values ranging between 87% and 90%, which confirmed long term effectivity.

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as fragilidades ocorridas no serviço realizado pelos profissionais integrantes das equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF)em diferentes localidades do mundo. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática de literatura baseada no método Systematic Search Flow, pelo qual foram considerados os estudos de acordo com o objetivo, independentemente da localidade e do ano de realização. Para verificar a recorrência das fragilidades encontradas, foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo. Obteve-se um portfólio bibliográfico de 24 artigos. A partir da análise de conteúdo de cada um deles, foram extraídas as unidades de contexto e categorizadas em cinco unidades de análise, para representar as fragilidades. Independentemente da localidade, ocorreram as mesmas fragilidades, remetendo a uma interpretação de que o caminho para que as equipes de ESF consigam alcançar uma atuação mais efetiva e eficaz, no que se refere ao impacto na redução das taxas de internações evitáveis, poderá ser bastante trabalhoso. Porém, estudos como este podem ajudar a compreender tal cenário de forma mais clara e detalhada, e talvez sejam um atalho na busca por melhorias e avanços na atuação dessas equipes de saúde.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective obesity treatment. Obese patients have a high prevalence of eating disorders. Objectives: Evaluate the occurrence of eating disorders and eating patterns in candidates for bariatric surgery and associate eating disorders with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using electronic charts of candidates for bariatric surgery. Data were collected on sex, age, marital status, schooling, occupation, non-communicable diseases, body mass index (BMI), eating disorders, and eating patterns. Results: Among the 281 patients evaluated, eating disorders were detected in 26.7%; 10.3% had binge eating disorder, 6.6% had bulimia nervosa, and 5.3% had the night-eating syndrome. The specific eating patterns were overeating (46.6%), binge eating during periods of stress (9.3%), eating sweets (4%), and snaking (1.3%). BMI ranged from 35.38 to 59.03 kg/m² (mean: 44.37 ± 5.89). All individuals (100%) had systemic arterial hypertension, and 23.3% had type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Conclusions: The frequency of eating disorders was low in the sample studied, the most common of which was binge eating disorder. Non-communicable diseases were associated with eating disorders. Among the eating patterns observed, the most frequent was overeating.

The covid-19 vaccine confers direct protection and reduces transmission rates of the virus and new variants. Vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech and CoronaVac have been cleared for children in Brazil. They are safe, effective, and immunogenic. There are no known complications associated with the use of steroids or vaccines in pediatric patients with covid-19 and nephrotic syndrome. With or without immunosuppression, these patients are not at increased risk of severe covid-19, and steroids are safe for them. A milder form of covid-19 occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease without the need for hospitalization. The vaccine response may be reduced and/or the duration of antibodies after vaccination may be shorter than in the general population. However, considering risk of exposure, vaccination against covid-19 is recommended. It is believed that patients with hemolytic-uremic syndrome are at higher risk of severe covid-19. Vaccination is recommended, although specific data on the safety and efficacy of the covid-19 vaccine are limited. There is agreement that the benefits of induced immunity outweigh the risks of immunization. Vaccination against covid-19 is recommended for children and adolescents needing kidney transplantation or who have undergone transplantation. These patients present decreased immune response after vaccination, but immunization is recommended because the benefits outweigh the risks of vaccination. Current recommendations in Brazil stipulate the use of the messenger RNA vaccine. This paper aims to provide pediatric nephrologists with the latest knowledge about vaccination against covid-19 for children with kidney disease. Resumo A vacina covid-19 confere proteção direta, reduz as taxas de transmissão do vírus e de novas variantes. No Brasil, estão liberadas para a população pediátrica as vacinas Pfizer/BioNTech e a CoronaVac, ambas seguras, eficazes e imunogênicas. Pacientes pediátricos com síndrome nefrótica e covid-19 têm curso clínico regular sem complicações relacionadas ao uso de esteroides ou vacinas. Esses pacientes, com ou sem imunossupressão, não apresentam maior risco de covid-19 grave e o tratamento com esteroides é seguro. Os pacientes com doença renal crônica têm covid-19 mais leve, sem necessidade de hospitalização. A resposta vacinal pode ser reduzida e/ou a duração dos anticorpos pós-vacinação pode ser menor do que na população geral. Entretanto, a vacina covid-19 está recomendada, considerando o risco de exposição. Acredita-se que pacientes com síndrome hemolítico-urêmica teriam maior risco de covid-19 grave. A vacina é recomendada, embora dados específicos sobre segurança e eficácia da vacina covid-19 sejam limitados. Há concordância que os benefícios da imunidade induzida superam quaisquer riscos da imunização. A vacina covid-19 é recomendada para crianças e adolescentes candidatos ao transplante renal ou já transplantados. Esses pacientes têm resposta imunológica reduzida após a vacina, entretanto ela é recomendada porque os benefícios superam qualquer risco dessa vacinação. A recomendação atual no Brasil é a vacina de tecnologia RNA mensageiro. O objetivo deste documento é levar aos nefrologistas pediátricos os conhecimentos mais recentes sobre a vacinação contra contra-19 em crianças com doenças renais.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a patrimonialização de quatro bens intangíveis, Festa da Chiquita, Pré-carnaval, Carimbó e Arraial do Pavulagem que costumam acontecer no centro histórico de Belém, além de entender como foram vivenciados, no que diz respeito às políticas públicas e impactos, durante o período de pandemia (2020-2021). O método utilizado consiste em pesquisa qualitativa, observação direta e monitoramento das redes sociais dos bens patrimoniais examinados pelo estudo. Por fim, os resultados mostraram que uma das estratégias adotadas para a divulgação da cultura foi a prática de lives. La présente étude visait à analyser la patrimonialisation dans le centre historique de Belém, de 04 biens intangibles, fête da Chiquita, Pre-carnival, Carimbó et Arraial do Pavulagem. En plus de comprendre comment elle a été vécue, au regard des politiques publiques et des impacts, pendant la période pandémique (2020-2021). La méthode utilisée consistait en une recherche qualitative, une observation dirigée et un suivi des réseaux sociaux des biens patrimoniaux étudiés par l'étude. Enfin, les résultats ont montré que l'une des stratégies adoptées pour la diffusion de la culture était la pratique de lives The present study aimed to analyze the patrimonialization in the historic center of Belém, of 04 intangible assets, Chiquita party, Pre-carnival, Carimbó and Arraial do Pavulagem. In addition to understanding how it was experienced, regarding public policies and impacts, during the pandemic period (2020-2021). The method used consists of qualitative research, direct observation, and monitoring of the social networks of the heritage assets examined by the study. Finally, the results showed that one of the strategies adopted for the dissemination of culture was the practice of lives

During the difficult period caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, a workshop was implemented online, leading a study about the effectiveness of the 'Salotti del BenEssere©' model among students and future educators. This course is the result of the collaboration between the Suor Orsola Benincasa University in Naples and ASL Napoli 1 Centro. It’s a model of salutogenesis that specifically proposes a multicentre space for the evaluation and spread of healthy lifestyles. Due to the pandemic and the consequent social isolation, the 'keys' to access the main topics for the healthy lifestyle promotion were explored online in order to overcome social isolation; at the beginning of each lesson on the Salotti del BenEssere©, audio files were provided to guide the students through the experience of each “key”: Breathing, Nutrition and Emotions.The lessons were carried out through distance teaching on the online platform called “Google Meet”. For evaluation purposes, questionnaires that were originally created in paper format were transferred to the online opensharing platform “Google Forms”. The general aim of the evaluation is to establish whether the educational process formulated by the “Salotti del BenEssere©” has an impact on self-perception in relationships. The specific aim of this study is to verify whether there were differences between the results achieved by the students who were able to experience the face-to-face lessons and those who were forced to attend the lessons online and, if so, to record which ones are significant.We believe that these innovative and digital techniques can become a tool for future educators, especially in emergency situations, to overcome social isolation.

Contexte : Dans le monde, le cancer du col uterin arrive au troisieme rang des cancers les plus frequents chez les femmes, mais il passe au deuxieme rang en Afrique orientale, ou se trouve le Rwanda. Le depistage periodique est un moyen de prevention efficace. Malgre cela, en Afrique, on estime que le taux de depistage de ce cancer se situe entre 10 et 70 %. Plusieurs facteurs entravent le depistage, surtout en Afrique subsaharienne. Au Rwanda, on recense peu d’ecrits sur l’utilisation des services de depistage et les facteurs nuisant au depistage du cancer du col uterin. Objectif : Evaluer les connaissances sur le depistage du cancer du col uterin qu’ont les femmes frequentant les hopitaux de district de Kigali (au Rwanda), recenser l’utilisation de ce service et determiner les obstacles qui empechent d’y recourir. Methodologie : Une etude transversale descriptive a ete menee, et les donnees ont ete collectees au moyen d’un questionnaire structure. Des questions nominales de type « oui ou non » ont mis en lumiere les connaissances des femmes sur le cancer du col uterin et l’utilisation des services de depistage. Pour cerner les obstacles au depistage, nous avons utilise des questions de type « echelle de Likert ». Ces donnees ont ensuite fait l’objet d’une analyse statistique descriptive et deductive. La selection des repondantes s’est faite par echantillonnage aleatoire systematique depuis la base de donnees des patientes frequentant les services gynecologiques de trois hopitaux de district de Kigali (Rwanda). R e sultats : Au total, 329 femmes ont repondu au sondage. La moitie d’entre elles (n = 165) connaissaient bien le depistage du cancer du col uterin. Le pourcentage de depistage se situe a 28,3 %. Nous avons decele un lien entre l’utilisation du depistage et une bonne connaissance du sujet (P = 0,000, r = -0,392) ainsi que certains facteurs demographiques (P = 0,000). Parmi les obstacles qui concourent a restreindre l’acces au depistage, nous avons releve des obstacles individuels (meconnaissance de l’existence des services de depistage), geographiques (milieu rural) et lies au systeme de sante et aux prestataires de soins (campagnes de sensibilisation deficientes, attitudes negatives des prestataires de soins envers les patientes et longs delais d’attente). Conclusion : Dans les hopitaux de district etudies de Kigali (Rwanda), on constate un faible pourcentage de depistage du cancer du col uterin cause par plusieurs obstacles. Il est donc fortement recommande d’engager une campagne d’information permanente sur ce cancer et son depistage. Enfin, il est crucial que les prestataires de soins qualifies encouragent les femmes a se soumettre au depistage, et qu’ils s’efforcent de reduire les obstacles qui s’y rattachent.

A prescrição e o consumo de medicamentos psiquiátricos por crianças e adolescentes é um dos motivos de preocupação para a sociedade brasileira. Estes medicamentos, prescritos para o tratamento de transtornos mentais e sofrimento psíquico, são recursos terapêuticos comumente utilizados no atendimento a usuários de Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-juvenil (CAPSi). O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a terapêutica prescrita conforme a queixa inicial e sinais/sintomas de usuários do CAPSi de Blumenau. Para tal, foram analisados e coletados dados de prontuários de crianças e adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, de agosto a dezembro de 2018. Em relação aos resultados encontrados, o sexo masculino foi o mais frequente, 58,3% (n=28) e a faixa etária mais prevalente foi entre 13 anos a 18 anos de idade 75% (n=36). O principal medicamento prescrito como forma de tratamento foi a Risperidona 22,10% (n=21). As queixas iniciais mais comuns foram agressividade e ansiedade 8,88% (n=08). O sinal/sintoma mais comum foi a ansiedade 13,40% (n=13). De acordo com a literatura, as substâncias mais prescritas encontradas nesta pesquisa podem beneficiar o tratamento das queixas e dos sinais/sintomas das crianças e adolescentes com sofrimento psíquico. As substâncias Risperidona, Cloridrato de Fluoxetina e Oxalato de Escitalopram são as principais substâncias prescritas aos usuários do CAPSi. Estas substâncias prescritas por especialistas e utilizadas de maneira racional podem beneficiar o tratamento dos usuários. Desta maneira, é fundamental destacar a importância de ampliar a discussão sobre prescrições de medicamentos não disponíveis no SUS, pois o principal medicamento prescrito não consta na REMUME.

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer attacking women globally, and the second in Eastern Africa where Rwanda is located. Regular screening is an effective prevention approach for cervical cancer. Despite that, the screening rate for cervical cancer in Africa is estimated between 10% and 70%, with a number of barriers. This is especially the case in sub-Saharan Africa. In Rwanda, there is limited literature on the rate of use of screening services or the barriers to cervical screening. Objective: To assess knowledge, utilization, and barriers of cervical cancer screening among women attending selected district hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Nominal ‘yes’ or ‘no’ questions were used to gather data on knowledge and utilisation of cervical cancer and its screening. Likert-type scale questions were used to identify different barriers to screening services. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Respondents were selected by systematic random sampling from the database of women attending gynaecology services at three district hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda. Results: Three hundred and twenty-nine women responded to the survey. Half of the respondents (n = 165) had high knowledge level scores on cervical cancer screening. The cervical cancer screening rate was 28.3%. Utilization of screening was associated with knowledge (P = 0.000, r = -0.392) and selected demographic factors (P = 0.000). Individual barriers included poor knowledge on availability of screening services, community barriers included living in a rural area, and health provider and systems barriers included lack of awareness campaigns, negative attitudes of healthcare providers toward clients, and long waiting times; all barriers limit the access to screening services. Conclusion: A low rate of cervical cancer screening was identified for women attending selected district hospitals in Kigali-Rwanda due to various barriers. On-going education on cervical cancer and its screening is highly recommended. It is important that trained health providers encourage their clients to have cervical cancer screening and work to reduce related barriers.

Introduction : Au Rwanda, le cancer du sein est une grande préoccupation pour la santé des femmes puisque la plupart des diagnostics sont faits à un stade avancé de la maladie. On sait pourtant que les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein permettent d’accélérer le diagnostic. Objectif : Évaluer les facteurs qui influencent les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein chez les femmes en âge de procréer habitant le district de Kayonza, au Rwanda. Méthodologie : Une étude quantitative a été menée dans quatre centres de santé au sud du district de Kayonza auprès de 246 femmes de 16 à 49 ans. Un questionnaire structuré, prétesté et autoadministré a été utilisé pour évaluer l’influence des connaissances, des centres de santé et des facteurs socioéconomiques et culturels sur les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein chez les femmes dans le sud de Kayonza. Résultats : Parmi les répondantes, 55,5 % avaient une connaissance moyenne des facteurs de risque du cancer du sein, et 60,2 % sur l’incidence du dépistage du cancer du sein. On a constaté que 28 % étaient familiarisées avec l’auto-examen des seins (AES) et 16,4 % avec l’examen clinique des seins (ECS) et l’échographie mammaire. Au cours des deux années précédentes, les réponses entourant les pratiques de dépistage du sein ont révélé que 72 % des répondantes n’avaient jamais réalisé d’AES et que 81,3 % n’avaient jamais passé d’ECS ou d’échographie mammaire. Pour 30,4 % des répondantes, l’information sur le dépistage du cancer du sein provenait principalement de la radio. Des relations significatives avec les pratiques de dépistage du cancer du sein sont ressorties pour l’âge et l’état matrimonial. Conclusion : L’étude témoigne du peu de connaissances sur le cancer du sein, le dépistage et les pratiques relatives au dépistage de cette maladie. Il est donc nécessaire de promouvoir la sensibilisation au cancer du sein et de créer un programme qui puisse améliorer les connaissances et les pratiques en matière de dépistage afin d’améliorer la santé des femmes du sud de Kayonza.

BACKGROUND Trichoderma spp. are soil fungi that interact with plant roots and associated biota such as other microorganisms and soil fauna. However, information about their interactions with root-feeding insects is limited. Here, interactions between Trichoderma harzianum and the root-feeding insect Phyllophaga vetula, a common insect pest in maize agroecosystems, were examined. RESULTS Applications of T. harzianum and P. vetula to the root system increased and decreased maize growth, respectively. Induced tolerance against herbivore attack was provided by T. harzianum maintaining a robust and functional root system as evidenced by the increased uptake of Cu, Ca, Mg, Na and K. Herbivore tolerance also coincided with changes in the emission of root volatile terpenes known to induce indirect defense responses and attract natural enemies of the herbivore. More importantly, T. harzianum induced de novo emission of several sesquiterpenes such as β-caryophyllene and δ-cadinene. In addition, single and combined applications of T. harzianum and P. vetula altered the sucrose content of the roots. Finally, T. harzianum produced 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PP) a volatile compound that may act as an antifeedant-signaling compound mitigating root herbivory by P. vetula. CONCLUSION Our results provide novel information about belowground multitrophic plant-microbe-arthropod interactions between T. harzianum and P. vetula in the maize rhizosphere resulting in alterations in maize phenotypic plant responses, inducing root herbivore tolerance.

Based on a sociological stance, this paper seeks to reflect on the formal and informal dimensions in the analysis of organizations. It focuses specifically on the organizational structure and its relationship with the social processes that shape the organizational dynamics. To fulfill this aim, this reflection discusses the concept of organizational structure as a pivotal element of the formal dimension of organizations, as well as its relevance as a key element of organizations. These elements make it unavoidable in any sociological analysis of organizations, whatever their nature, even in studies whose object is more directed to social dynamics and interactions. The results of this article allow concluding that there is heuristicity and, even, an indispensability to establish and analyze the relationship between the formal structure as a framework for the practices that take place in the organization and the existing concrete practices, which is often not simple to operationalize.

We aimed to analyze sex-related differences in clinical outcomes among patients with diabetic foot disease (DFD) managed in a third-level referral center. We retrospectively analyzed data of admissions performed in our department between 2011 and 2015 for DFD. We collected demographic and clinical data, procedures performed during the admission, and short- and long-term outcomes in terms of healing rate and healing time, major amputation, and mortality rates during the follow-up. We focused on differences between genders and tried to figure out if sex could be considered a predictive factor. We collected data from 1237 admission performed in 842 patients (615 men [73%] and 227 women [27%]; age: 68.6 ± 27.9 years; diabetes duration: 16.4 ± 13.4 years; body mass index: 28.2 ± 6.4 kg/m2; hemoglobin A1c 7.9 ± 1.9%). Men showed a higher prevalence of comorbidities and previous ulcers or revascularization procedures. Men had a significantly higher healing rate compared with women (85.4% vs 63.2%, P < .001), but a longer healing time (124 ± 27 days vs 87 ± 14 days, P = .02). Major amputation did not differ between groups, while mortality rate was significantly higher in men (24.5% vs 16.1%, P = .02). In Cox’s regression analysis, male sex was a positive predictive factor for healing and a negative one for time to heal and mortality. The difference in mortality was confirmed by a Kaplan-Meier analysis (log rank test: P = .03). DFD represents a severe disease and a strong marker of mortality affecting more severely on clinical outcomes and survival on men.

Introdução: A saúde dos agricultores da atividade leiteira pode estar relacionada à suas atividades laborais. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil sociodemográfico, comportamental e a flexibilidade de agricultores envolvidos na atividade leiteira, pertencentes a 12 municípios, pertencentes à Região do Corede Noroeste Colonial e Alto Jacuí, cadastrados na Emater/RS. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo descritivo. Participaram 38 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, selecionados pelos extensionistas rurais de cada município. Os instrumentos de pesquisa foram: Banco de Wells e Dillon (1952), um questionário on-line e a realização do Mapa de Corpóreo de Desconfortos de Corlett e Manenica (1980) (modificado). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva utilizando frequências de percentual para variáveis quantitativas e qualitativas. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (68%), com baixo nível de escolaridade (47%), inativos fisicamente (61%), obesos (47%), com 20 anos ou mais de tempo de serviço (66%). Com relação às dores e desconfortos, predominou a dor esporádica na região do pescoço (34%) e dor constante na região da coluna lombar inferior direita (34%). A flexibilidade teve bons resultados, 89% foram excelentes. Conclusão: A maioria dos produtores rurais investigados possui baixo nível de escolaridade, são sedentários, obesos, possuem 20 anos de serviço ou mais, tem boa flexibilidade e as dores predominantes são na região do pescoço e da coluna lombar. Ressaltamos que conhecer os trabalhadores rurais, seus hábitos e sua rotina de serviço são fundamentais para levar até essa população estratégias em saúde para uma melhor qualidade de vida.