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In this paper, we introduce a version of the Moebius function and other special functions on a particular class of intervals for groupoids, and study them to obtain results analogous to those obtained in the usual lattice, combinatorics and number theory setting, but of course much more general due to the viewpoint taken in this paper.

In this paper, we discuss the existence of solutions to a boundary value problem of differential equations of variable order, which is a piecewise constant function. Our results are based on the Schauder fixed point theorem. Then, under some assumptions on the nonlinear term, we obtain a generalized Lyapunov-type inequality to the two-point boundary value problem considered. To the best of our knowledge, there is no paper dealing with Lyapunov-type inequalities for boundary value problems in term of variable order. In addition, some examples of the obtained inequalities are given.

In 1999, B. Y. Chen established a sharp inequality between the Ricci curvature and the squared mean curvature for an arbitrary Riemannian submanifold of a real space form. This inequality was extended in 2015 by M. E. Aydin et al. to the case of statistical submanifolds in a statistical manifold of constant curvature, obtaining a lower bound for the Ricci curvature of the dual connections. Also, the similar inequality for submanifolds in statistical manifolds of quasi-constant curvature studied by H. Aytimur and C. Ozgur in their recent article. In the present paper, we give a different proof of the same inequality but working with the statistical curvature tensor field, instead of the curvature tensor fields with respect to the dual connections. A geometric inequality can be treated as an optimization problem. The new proof is based on a simple technique, known as Oprea’s optimization method on submanifolds, namely analyzing a suitable constrained extremum problem. We also provide some examples. This paper finishes with some conclusions and remarks.

This paper aims to present a new pathwise approximation method, which gives approximate solutions of order $\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \frac{3}{2} \end{array}$ for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by multidimensional Brownian motions. The new method, which assumes the diffusion matrix non-degeneracy, employs the Runge-Kutta method and uses the Itô-Taylor expansion, but the generating of the approximation of the expansion is carried out as a whole rather than individual terms. The new idea we applied in this paper is to replace the iterated stochastic integrals Iα by random variables, so implementing this scheme does not require the computation of the iterated stochastic integrals Iα. Then, using a coupling which can be found by a technique from optimal transport theory would give a good approximation in a mean square. The results of implementing this new scheme by MATLAB confirms the validity of the method.

This paper is concerned with a type of time-symmetric stochastic system, namely the so-called forward&ndash, backward doubly stochastic differential equations (FBDSDEs), in which the forward equations are delayed doubly stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and the backward equations are anticipated backward doubly SDEs. Under some monotonicity assumptions, the existence and uniqueness of measurable solutions to FBDSDEs are obtained. The future development of many processes depends on both their current state and historical state, and these processes can usually be represented by stochastic differential systems with time delay. Therefore, a class of nonzero sum differential game for doubly stochastic systems with time delay is studied in this paper. A necessary condition for the open-loop Nash equilibrium point of the Pontriagin-type maximum principle are established, and a sufficient condition for the Nash equilibrium point is obtained. Furthermore, the above results are applied to the study of nonzero sum differential games for linear quadratic backward doubly stochastic systems with delay. Based on the solution of FBDSDEs, an explicit expression of Nash equilibrium points for such game problems is established.

Since the 17-th century the concepts of differentiability and multiple differentiability have become fundamental to mathematical analysis. By now we have the generally accepted definition of what a multiply differentiable function f:Rn&rarr, R is (in this paper we call it standard). This definition is sufficient to prove some of the key properties of a multiply differentiable function: the Generalized Young&rsquo, s theorem (a theorem on the independence of partial derivatives of higher orders of the order of differentiation) and Taylor&rsquo, s theorem with Peano remainder. Another definition of multiple differentiability, actually more general in the sense that it is suitable for the infinite-dimensional case, belongs to Fr&eacute, chet. It turns out, that the standard definition and the Fr&eacute, chet definition are equivalent for functions f:Rn&rarr, R. In this paper we introduce a definition (which we call weak) of multiple differentiability of a function f:Rn&rarr, R, which is not equivalent to the above-mentioned definitions and is in fact more general, but at the same time is sufficient enough to prove the Generalized Young&rsquo, s and Taylor&rsquo, s theorems.

In this paper, we introduce two new modified inertial Mann Halpern and viscosity algorithms for solving fixed point problems. We establish strong convergence theorems under some suitable conditions. Finally, our algorithms are applied to split feasibility problem, convex feasibility problem and location theory. The algorithms and results presented in this paper can summarize and improve corresponding results previously known in this area., 11 pages, 4 Figures

We have studied the k-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m for k &ge, 4 (Gao et al. 2019), in which we present the 3-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m , which should be bounded above by the four-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m . Therefore, we give a rough bound on the 3-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m . In this paper, we focus on the 3-rainbow domination number of the Cartesian product of cycles, C n □ C m . A 3-rainbow dominating function (3RDF) f on a given graph G is a mapping from the vertex set to the power set of three colors { 1 , 2 , 3 } in such a way that every vertex that is assigned to the empty set has all three colors in its neighborhood. The weight of a 3RDF on G is the value &omega, ( f ) = &sum, v &isin, V ( G ) | f ( v ) | . The 3-rainbow domination number, &gamma, r 3 ( G ) , is the minimum weight among all weights of 3RDFs on G. In this paper, we determine exact values of the 3-rainbow domination number of C 3 □ C m and C 4 □ C m and present a tighter bound on the 3-rainbow domination number of C n □ C m for n &ge, 5 .

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the split combination of variational inclusion problem which combines the concept of the modified variational inclusion problem introduced by Khuangsatung and Kangtunyakarn and the split variational inclusion problem introduced by Moudafi. Using a modified Halpern iterative method, we prove the strong convergence theorem for finding a common solution for the hierarchical fixed point problem and the split combination of variational inclusion problem. The result presented in this paper demonstrates the corresponding result for the split zero point problem and the split combination of variation inequality problem. Moreover, we discuss a numerical example for supporting our result and the numerical example shows that our result is not true if some conditions fail.

Many objects of the Gaussian white noise analysis (spaces of test and generalized functions, stochastic integrals and derivatives, etc.) can be constructed and studied in terms of so-called chaotic decompositions, based on a chaotic representation property (CRP): roughly speaking, any square integrable with respect to the Gaussian measure random variable can be decomposed in a series of Ito's stochastic integrals from nonrandom functions. In the Levy analysis there is no the CRP (except the Gaussian and Poissonian particular cases). Nevertheless, there are different generalizations of this property. Using these generalizations, one can construct different spaces of test and generalized functions. And in any case it is necessary to introduce a natural product on spaces of generalized functions, and to study related topics. This product is called a Wick product, as in the Gaussian analysis. The construction of the Wick product in the Levy analysis depends, in particular, on the selected generalization of the CRP. In this paper we deal with Lytvynov's generalization of the CRP and with the corresponding spaces of regular generalized functions. The goal of the paper is to introduce and to study the Wick product on these spaces, and to consider some related topics (Wick versions of holomorphic functions, interconnection of the Wick calculus with operators of stochastic differentiation). Main results of the paper consist in study of properties of the Wick product and of the Wick versions of holomorphic functions. In particular, we proved that an operator of stochastic differentiation is a differentiation (satisfies the Leibniz rule) with respect to the Wick multiplication.

Development of a theory of test and generalized functions depending on infinitely many variables is an important and actual problem, which is stipulated by requirements of physics and mathematics. One of successful approaches to building of such a theory consists in introduction of spaces of the above-mentioned functions in such a way that the dual pairing between test and generalized functions is generated by integration with respect to some probability measure. First it was the Gaussian measure, then it were realized numerous generalizations. In particular, important results can be obtained if one uses the Levy white noise measure, the corresponding theory is called the Levy white noise analysis. In the Gaussian case one can construct spaces of test and generalized functions and introduce some important operators (e.g., stochastic integrals and derivatives) on these spaces by means of a so-called chaotic representation property (CRP): roughly speaking, any square integrable random variable can be decomposed in a series of repeated Itos stochastic integrals from nonrandom functions. In the Levy analysis there is no the CRP, but there are different generalizations of this property. In this paper we deal with one of the most useful and challenging generalizations of the CRP in the Levy analysis, which is proposed by E.W. Lytvynov, and with corresponding spaces of nonregular generalized functions. The goal of the paper is to introduce a natural product (a Wick product) on these spaces, and to study some related topics. Main results are theorems about properties of the Wick product and of Wick versions of holomorphic functions. In particular, we prove that an operator of stochastic differentiation satisfies the Leibniz rule with respect to the Wick multiplication. In addition we show that the Wick products and the Wick versions of holomorphic functions, defined on the spaces of regular and nonregular generalized functions, constructed by means of Lytvynov's generalization of the CRP, coincide on intersections of these spaces. Our research is a contribution in a further development of the Levy white noise analysis.

In this paper, our main objective is to establish certain new fractional integral by applying the Saigo hypergeometric fractional integral operators and by employing some integral transforms on the resulting formulas, we presented their image formulas involving the product of the generalized k -Mittag-Leffler function. Furthermore, We develop a new and further generalized form of the fractional kinetic equation involving the product of the generalized k -Mittag-Leffler function. The manifold generality of the generalized k -Mittag-Leffler function is discussed in terms of the solution of the fractional kinetic equation and their graphical interpretation is interpreted in the present paper. The results obtained here are quite general in nature and capable of yielding a very large number of known and (presumably) new results. Keywords: k-Pochhammer symbol, k-gamma function, Generalized k-Mittag-Leffler function, Laplace transform, Fractional kinetic equations, MATLAB

Various families of generating functions have been established by a number of authors in many different ways. In this paper, we aim at establishing (presumably new) a generating function for the extended second Appell hypergeometric function $F_{2} (a, b, b'; c, c'; x, y; p)$. Further we derive a relation in terms of the Laguerre polynomials and differentiation formulas. We also present special cases of the main results of this paper.

In this paper, we present some Euler-like sums involving partial sums of the harmonic and odd harmonic series. First, we give a brief historical account of Euler&rsquo, s work on the subject followed by notations used in the body of the paper. After discussing some alternating Euler sums, we investigate the connection of integrals of inverse trigonometric and hyperbolic type functions to generate many new Euler sum identities. We also give some new identities for Catalan&rsquo, s constant, Apery&rsquo, s constant and a fast converging identity for the famous &zeta, ( 2 ) constant.

The theory of the continuous two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform in polar coordinates has been recently developed but no discrete counterpart exists to date. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the theory of the 2D discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in polar coordinates. This discrete theory is shown to arise from discretization schemes that have been previously employed with the 1D DFT and the discrete Hankel transform (DHT). The proposed transform possesses orthogonality properties, which leads to invertibility of the transform. In the first part of this two-part paper, the theory of the actual manipulated quantities is shown, including the standard set of shift, modulation, multiplication, and convolution rules. Parseval and modified Parseval relationships are shown, depending on which choice of kernel is used. Similar to its continuous counterpart, the 2D DFT in polar coordinates is shown to consist of a 1D DFT, DHT and 1D inverse DFT.

Recently, type 2 degenerate Euler polynomials and type 2 q-Euler polynomials were studied, respectively, as degenerate versions of the type 2 Euler polynomials as well as a q-analog of the type 2 Euler polynomials. In this paper, we consider the type 2 degenerate q-Euler polynomials, which are derived from the fermionic p-adic q-integrals on Z p , and investigate some properties and identities related to these polynomials and numbers. In detail, we give for these polynomials several expressions, generating function, relations with type 2 q-Euler polynomials and the expression corresponding to the representation of alternating integer power sums in terms of Euler polynomials. One novelty about this paper is that the type 2 degenerate q-Euler polynomials arise naturally by means of the fermionic p-adic q-integrals so that it is possible to easily find some identities of symmetry for those polynomials and numbers, as were done previously.

In the paper, we introduce some subclasses of harmonic mapping, the analytic part of which is related to general starlike (or convex) functions with a symmetric conjecture point defined by subordination. Using the conditions satisfied by the analytic part, we obtain the integral expressions, the coefficient estimates, distortion estimates and the growth estimates of the co-analytic part g, and Jacobian estimates, the growth estimates and covering theorem of the harmonic function f. Through the above research, the geometric properties of the classes are obtained. In particular, we draw figures of extremum functions to better reflect the geometric properties of the classes. For the first time, we introduce and obtain the properties of harmonic univalent functions with respect to symmetric conjugate points. The conclusion of this paper extends the original research.

In this paper, we improve two known invariant subspace theorems. More specifically, we show that a closed linear subspace M in the Hardy space H p ( D ) ( 1 &le, p &lt, &infin, ) is invariant under the shift operator M z on H p ( D ) if and only if it is hyperinvariant under M z , and that a closed linear subspace M in the Lebesgue space L 2 ( &part, D ) is reducing under the shift operator M e i &theta, on L 2 ( &part, D ) if and only if it is hyperinvariant under M e i &theta, At the same time, we show that there are two large classes of invariant subspaces for M e i &theta, that are not hyperinvariant subspaces for M e i &theta, and are also not reducing subspaces for M e i &theta, Moreover,we still show that there is a large class of hyperinvariant subspaces for M z that are not reducing subspaces for M z . Furthermore, we gave two new versions of the formula of the reproducing function in the Hardy space H 2 ( D ) , which are the analogue of the formula of the reproducing function in the Bergman space A 2 ( D ) . In addition, the conclusions in this paper are interesting now, or later if they are written into the literature of invariant subspaces and function spaces.

A mathematical chaos model for the dynamical behaviors of atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves is considered in this paper. Boundedness and globally attractive sets of this chaos model are studied by means of the generalized Lyapunov function method. The innovation of this paper is that it not only proves this system is globally bounded but also provides a series of global attraction sets of this system. The rate of trajectories entering from the exterior of the trapping domain to its interior is also obtained. Finally, the detailed numerical simulations are carried out to justify theoretical results. The results in this study can be used to study chaos control and chaos synchronization of this chaos system.

In this paper, several relations are obtained among the Riemann zeta and Hurwitz zeta functions, as well as their products. A particular case of these relations give rise to a simple re-derivation of the important results of Katsurada and Matsumoto on the mean square of the Hurwitz zeta function. Also, a relation derived here provides the starting point of a novel approach which, in a series of companion papers, yields a formal proof of the Lindel&ouml, f hypothesis. Some of the above relations motivate the need for analysing the large &alpha, behaviour of the modified Hurwitz zeta function &zeta, 1 ( s , &alpha, ) , s &isin, C , &alpha, &isin, ( 0 , &infin, ) , which is also presented here.

The paper shows that, in looking for exact solutions to nonlinear PDEs, the direct method of functional separation of variables can, in certain cases, be more effective than the method of differential constraints based on the compatibility analysis of PDEs with a single constraint (or the nonclassical method of symmetry reductions based on an invariant surface condition). This fact is illustrated by examples of nonlinear reaction-diffusion and convection-diffusion equations with variable coefficients, and nonlinear Klein&ndash, Gordon-type equations. Hydrodynamic boundary layer equations, nonlinear Schr&ouml, dinger type equations, and a few third-order PDEs are also investigated. Several new exact functional separable solutions are given. A possibility of increasing the efficiency of the Clarkson&ndash, Kruskal direct method is discussed. A generalization of the direct method of the functional separation of variables is also described. Note that all nonlinear PDEs considered in the paper include one or several arbitrary functions.

In this paper the notion of ∗ -Weyl curvature tensor on real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms is introduced. It is related to the ∗ -Ricci tensor of a real hypersurface. The aim of this paper is to provide two classification theorems concerning real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms in terms of ∗ -Weyl curvature tensor. More precisely, Hopf hypersurfaces of dimension greater or equal to three in non-flat complex space forms with vanishing ∗ -Weyl curvature tensor are classified. Next, all three dimensional real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms, whose ∗ -Weyl curvature tensor vanishes identically are classified. The used methods are based on tools from differential geometry and solving systems of differential equations.

This paper focuses on multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) course in which attributes are evaluated in terms of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) information. More explicitly, this paper introduces new aggregation operators for IVIF information and further proposes a new IVIF MAGDM method. The power average (PA) operator and the Muirhead mean (MM) are two powerful and effective information aggregation technologies. The most attractive advantage of the PA operator is its power to combat the adverse effects of ultra-evaluation values on the information aggregation results. The prominent characteristic of the MM operator is that it is flexible to capture the interrelationship among any numbers of arguments, making it more powerful than Bonferroni mean (BM), Heronian mean (HM), and Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM). To absorb the virtues of both PA and MM, it is necessary to combine them to aggregate IVIF information and propose IVIF power Muirhead mean (IVIFPMM) operator and the IVIF weighted power Muirhead mean (IVIFWPMM) operator. We investigate their properties to show the strongness and flexibility. Furthermore, a novel approach to MAGDM problems with IVIF decision-making information is introduced. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the performance of the proposed method.

In this paper, Normalized Weighted Bonferroni Mean (NWBM) and Normalized Weighted Bonferroni Harmonic Mean (NWBHM) aggregation operators are proposed. Besides, we check the properties thereof, which include idempotency, monotonicity, commutativity, and boundedness. As the intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are used as a basis for the decision making to effectively handle the real-life uncertainty, we extend the NWBM and NWBHM operators into the intuitionistic fuzzy environment. By further modifying the NWBHM, we propose additional aggregation operators, namely the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Normalized Weighted Bonferroni Harmonic Mean (IFNWBHM) and the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Ordered Normalized Weighted Bonferroni Harmonic Mean (IFNONWBHM). The paper winds up with an empirical example of multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) based on triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. To serve this end, we apply the IFNWBHM aggregation operator.

The traditional spectral analysis method is used to study the characteristics of bearing fault signals in frequency domain, which is reasonable and effective in general cases. However, it is proved that the fault signals have heavy tails in this paper, which are α stable distribution, and 1<α<2, and even the noises belong to α stable distribution. Then the conventional spectral analysis methods degenerate and even fail under α stable distribution environment. Several improved frequency spectral analysis methods are proposed employing fractional lower order covariation or fractional lower order covariance in this paper, including fractional lower order Blackman-Tukey covariation spectrum (FLOBTCS), fractional lower order periodogram covariation spectrum (FLOPCS), and fractional lower order welch covariation spectrum (FLOWCS). In order to suppress side lobe and improve resolution, we present novel fractional lower order autoregression (FLO-AR) and fractional lower order autoregressive moving average (FLO-ARMA) parameter model frequency spectrum methods, and the calculation steps are summarized. The proposed spectrum methods are compared with the existing methods based on second-order statistics under Gaussian and SαS distribution environments, and the results show that the new algorithms have better performance than the traditional methods. Finally, the improved methods are applied to estimate frequency spectrums of the normal and outer race fault signals, and it is demonstrated that they are effective for fault diagnosis.

The fractional calculus is useful in describing the natural phenomena with memory effect. This paper addresses the fractional form of Ambartsumian equation with a delay parameter. It may be a challenge to obtain accurate approximate solution of such kinds of fractional delay equations. In the literature, several attempts have been conducted to analyze the fractional Ambartsumian equation. However, the previous approaches in the literature led to approximate power series solutions which converge in subdomains. Such difficulties are solved in this paper via the Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM). The present approximations are expressed in terms of the Mittag-Leffler functions which converge in the whole domain of the studied model. The convergence issue is also addressed. Several comparisons with the previous published results are discussed. In particular, while the computed solution in the literature is physical in short domains, with our approach it is physical in the whole domain. The results reveal that the HPM is an effective tool to analyzing the fractional Ambartsumian equation.

This paper deals with the initial-value problem for the linearized equations of coupled sound and heat flow, in a bounded domain Ω in RN, with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness of solutions to the problem are established by using the Hille-Yosida theorem. This paper gives a simpler proof than one by Carasso (1975). Moreover, regularity of solutions is established.

In manifold learning, the aim of alignment is to derive the global coordinate of manifold from the local coordinates of manifold’s patches. At present, most of manifold learning algorithms assume that the relation between the global and local coordinates is locally linear and based on this linear relation align the local coordinates of manifold’s patches into the global coordinate of manifold. There are two contributions in this paper. First, the nonlinear relation between the manifold’s global and local coordinates is deduced by making use of the differentiation of local pullback functions defined on the differential manifold. Second, the method of local linear iterative alignment is used to align the manifold’s local coordinates into the manifold’s global coordinate. The experimental results presented in this paper show that the errors of noniterative alignment are considerably large and can be reduced to almost zero within the first two iterations. The large errors of noniterative/linear alignment verify the nonlinear nature of alignment and justify the necessity of iterative alignment.

First of all, we establish a three-dimension open Kaldorian business cycle model under the condition of the fixed exchange rate. Secondly, with regard to the model, we discuss the existence of equilibrium point and the stability of the system near it with a time delay in currency supply as the bifurcating parameters of the system. Thirdly, we discuss the existence of Hopf bifurcation and investigate the stability of periodic solution generated by the Hopf bifurcation; then the direction of the Hopf bifurcation is given. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to confirm the theoretical results. This paper plays an important role in theoretical researching on the model of business cycle, and it is crucial for decision-maker to formulate the macroeconomic policies with the conclusions of this paper.

In a joint paper with Srivastava and Chopra, we introduced far-reaching generalizations of the extended Gammafunction, extended Beta function and the extended Gauss hypergeometric function. In this present paper, we extend the generalized Mittag–Leffler function by means of the extended Beta function. We then systematically investigate several properties of the extended Mittag–Leffler function, including, for example, certain basic properties, Laplace transform, Mellin transform and Euler-Beta transform. Further, certain properties of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives associated with the extended Mittag–Leffler function are investigated. Some interesting special cases of our main results are also pointed out.

This paper proposes an approach for the space-fractional diffusion equation in one dimension. Since fractional differential operators are non-local, two main difficulties arise after discretization and solving using Gaussian elimination: how to handle the memory requirement of O(N2) for storing the dense or even full matrices that arise from application of numerical methods and how to manage the significant computational work count of O(N3) per time step, where N is the number of spatial grid points. In this paper, a fast iterative finite difference method is developed, which has a memory requirement of O(N) and a computational cost of O(N logN) per iteration. Finally, some numerical results are shown to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the new method.

The integral representation of the two-parameter Mittag-Leffler function E &rho, &mu, ( z ) is considered in the paper that expresses its value in terms of the contour integral. For this integral representation, the transition is made from integration over a complex variable to integration over real variables. It is shown that as a result of such a transition, the integral representation of the function E &rho, ( z ) has two forms: the representation &ldquo, A&rdquo, and &ldquo, B&rdquo, Each of these representations has its advantages and drawbacks. In the paper, the corresponding theorems are formulated and proved, and the advantages and disadvantages of each of the obtained representations are discussed.

The famous Toms effect (1948) consists of a substantial increase of the critical Reynolds number when a small amount of soluble polymer is introduced into water. The most noticeable influence of polymer additives is manifested in the boundary layer near solid surfaces. The goal of the present paper is a group analysis of the boundary layer equations in two mathematical models of the flow of aqueous polymer solutions: the second grade fluid (Rivlin and Ericksen, 1955) and the model derived by Pavlovskii (1971). The equations of the unsteady two-dimensional boundary layer in the Pavlovskii and Rivlin-Ericksen models are analyzed for the first time here. These equations have no definite type so that finding their exact solutions is very important in order to understand the mathematical nature of the above mentioned models. The problem of group classification with respect to the arbitrary function of the longitudinal coordinate and time present in the equations, which sets the pressure gradient of the external flow, arises. All functions for which an extension of the admitted Lie group occurs are found. The task includes the ratio of two characteristic length scales. One of them is the Prandtl scale, and another is defined as the square root of the normalized coefficient of relaxation viscosity (Frolovskaya and Pukhnachev, 2018) and does not depend on the characteristics of the motion. The paper contains a number of exact solutions in the Pavlovskii model including a solution describing the flow near a critical point. Among the solutions of the new model of the boundary layer, a special place is taken by the solution of the stationary problem of flow around a rectilinear plate. Within the framework of the Prandtl theory of the boundary layer, such a solution was constructed by Blasius (1908). As is well-known, this solution has a non-removable defect: the transverse velocity near the edge of the plate increases without bound. The introduction of a relaxation term into the model makes it possible to eliminate this singularity.

The Opial property of Hilbert spaces is essential in many fixed point theorems of non-expansive maps. While the Opial property does not hold in every Banach space, the Bregman&ndash, Opial property does. This suggests to study fixed point theorems for various Bregman non-expansive like maps in the general Banach space setting. In this paper, after introducing the notion of Bregman generalized hybrid sequences in a reflexive Banach space, we prove (with using the Bregman&ndash, Opial property instead of the Opial property) convergence theorems for such sequences. We also provide new fixed point theorems for Bregman generalized hybrid maps defined on an arbitrary but not necessarily convex subset of a reflexive Banach space. We end this paper with a brief discussion of the existence of Bregman absolute fixed points of such maps.

In this paper, a wind speed prediction method was proposed based on the maximum Lyapunov exponent (Le) and the fractional Levy stable motion (fLsm) iterative prediction model. First, the calculation of the maximum prediction steps was introduced based on the maximum Le. The maximum prediction steps could provide the prediction steps for subsequent prediction models. Secondly, the fLsm iterative prediction model was established by stochastic differential. Meanwhile, the parameters of the fLsm iterative prediction model were obtained by rescaled range analysis and novel characteristic function methods, thereby obtaining a wind speed prediction model. Finally, in order to reduce the error in the parameter estimation of the prediction model, we adopted the method of weighted wind speed data. The wind speed prediction model in this paper was compared with GA-BP neural network and the results of wind speed prediction proved the effectiveness of the method that is proposed in this paper. In particular, fLsm has long-range dependence (LRD) characteristics and identified LRD by estimating self-similarity index H and characteristic index &alpha, Compared with fractional Brownian motion, fLsm can describe the LRD process more flexibly. However, the two parameters are not independent because the LRD condition relates them by &alpha, H &gt, 1.

The aim of this paper is to study the Lagrange interpolation on the unit circle taking only into account the separation properties of the nodal points. The novelty of this paper is that we do not consider nodal systems connected with orthogonal or paraorthogonal polynomials, which is an interesting approach because in practical applications this connection may not exist. A detailed study of the properties satisfied by the nodal system and the corresponding nodal polynomial is presented. We obtain the relevant results of the convergence related to the process for continuous smooth functions as well as the rate of convergence. Analogous results for interpolation on the bounded interval are deduced and finally some numerical examples are presented.

The present paper recalls a formulation of non-conservative system dynamics through the Lagrange&ndash, d&rsquo, Alembert principle expressed through a generalized Euler&ndash, Poincar&eacute, form of the system equation on a Lie group. The paper illustrates applications of the generalized Euler&ndash, equations on the rotation groups to a gyrostat satellite and a quadcopter drone. The numerical solution of the dynamical equations on the rotation groups is tackled via a generalized forward Euler method and an explicit Runge&ndash, Kutta integration method tailored to Lie groups.

In an earlier paper, we gave a proof of the conjecture of the pinching of the bisectional curvature mentioned in those two papers of Hong et al. of 1988 and 2011. Moreover, we proved that any compact Kähler–Einstein surface M is a quotient of the complex two-dimensional unit ball or the complex two-dimensional plane if (1) M has a nonpositive Einstein constant, and (2) at each point, the average holomorphic sectional curvature is closer to the minimal than to the maximal. Following Siu and Yang, we used a minimal holomorphic sectional curvature direction argument, which made it easier for the experts in this direction to understand our proof. On this note, we use a maximal holomorphic sectional curvature direction argument, which is shorter and easier for the readers who are new in this direction.

In this paper, a kind of BAM neural networks with leakage delays in the negative feedback terms and time-varying delays in activation functions was considered. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov function and using inequality techniques, some sufficient conditions to ensure the existence and exponential stability of antiperiodic solutions of these neural networks were derived. These conditions extend some results recently appearing in recent papers. Lastly, an example is given to show the feasibility of these conditions.

This paper is a follow-up of a previous paper of the author published in Mathematics journal in 2015, which treats the so-called continuous fractional orthogonal derivative. In this paper, we treat the discrete case using the fractional orthogonal difference. The theory is illustrated with an application of a fractional differentiating filter. In particular, graphs are presented of the absolutel value of the modulus of the frequency response. These make clear that for a good insight into the behavior of a fractional differentiating filter, one has to look for the modulus of its frequency response in a log-log plot, rather than for plots in the time domain.

This paper deals with the classic problem of the synthesis of planar linkages for path generation. Based on the Fourier theory, the task curve and the synthesized four-bar coupler curve are regarded as the same curve if their Fourier descriptors match. Using Fourier analysis, a curve must be given as a function of time, termed a parametrization. In practical applications, different parametrizations can be associated with the same task and coupler curve, respectively; however, these parametrizations are Fourier analyzed to different Fourier descriptors, thus resulting in the mismatch of the task and coupler curve. In this paper, we present a parametrization-invariant method to eliminate the influence of parametrization on the values of Fourier descriptors by unifying given parametrizations to the arc length parametrization; meanwhile, a new design space decoupling scheme is introduced to separate the shape, size, orientation, and location matching of the task and four-bar curve, which leads naturally to an efficient synthesis approach.

The aim of this paper is to extend the modified Fourier-Ritz approach to evaluate the free vibration of four-parameter functionally graded moderately thick cylindrical, conical, spherical panels and shells of revolution with general boundary conditions. The first-order shear deformation theory is employed to formulate the theoretical model. In the modified Fourier-Ritz approach, the admissible functions of the structure elements are expanded into the improved Fourier series which consist of two-dimensional (2D) Fourier cosine series and auxiliary functions to eliminate all the relevant discontinuities of the displacements and their derivatives at the edges regardless of boundary conditions and then solve the natural frequencies by means of the Ritz method. As one merit of this paper, the functionally graded cylindrical, conical, spherical shells are, respectively, regarded as a special functionally graded cylindrical, conical, spherical panels, and the coupling spring technology is introduced to ensure the kinematic and physical compatibility at the common meridian. The excellent accuracy and reliability of the unified computational model are compared with the results found in the literatures.

We consider systems of integral-algebraic and integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels. Although these problem classes are not in the focus of the main stream literature, they are interesting, not only in their own right, but also because they may arise from the analysis of certain classes of differential-algebraic systems of partial differential equations. In the first part of the paper, we deal with two-dimensional integral-algebraic equations. Next, we analyze Volterra integral equations of the first kind in which the determinant of the kernel matrix k(t, x) vanishes when t = x. Finally, the third part of the work is devoted to the analysis of degenerate integro-differential systems. The aim of the paper is to specify conditions which are sufficient for the existence of a unique continuous solution to the above problems. Theoretical findings are illustrated by a number of examples.

This paper investigates the exponential synchronization problem of stochastic complex dynamical networks with impulsive perturbation and Markovian switching. The complex dynamical networks consist ofκmodes, and the networks switch from one mode to another according to a Markovian chain with known transition probability. Based on the Lyapunov function method and stochastic analysis, by employingM-matrix approach, some sufficient conditions are presented to ensure the exponential synchronization of stochastic complex dynamical networks with impulsive perturbation and Markovian switching, and the upper bound of impulsive gain is evaluated. At the end of this paper, two numerical examples are included to show the effectiveness of our results.

This technical paper deals with the problem of stochastic stability and stabilization for a class of linear Markovian jumping systems with discrete time-varying delay. A novel delay-dependent stochastic stability criterion for Markovian delay systems is established based on new augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and delay fractioning techniques. Then a state feedback controller is designed to guarantee the stochastic stability of the resulting closed-loop system. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design approach in this paper.

In this paper, a mathematical model based on the one-parameter Mittag-Leffler function is proposed to be used for the first time to describe the relation between the unemployment rate and the inflation rate, also known as the Phillips curve. The Phillips curve is in the literature often represented by an exponential-like shape. On the other hand, Phillips in his fundamental paper used a power function in the model definition. Considering that the ordinary as well as generalised Mittag-Leffler function behave between a purely exponential function and a power function it is natural to implement it in the definition of the model used to describe the relation between the data representing the Phillips curve. For the modelling purposes the data of two different European economies, France and Switzerland, were used and an &ldquo, out-of-sample&rdquo, forecast was done to compare the performance of the Mittag-Leffler model to the performance of the power-type and exponential-type model. The results demonstrate that the ability of the Mittag-Leffler function to fit data that manifest signs of stretched exponentials, oscillations or even damped oscillations can be of use when describing economic relations and phenomenons, such as the Phillips curve.

Probabilistic evolution theory (PREVTH) forms a framework for the solution of explicit ODEs. The purpose of the paper is two-fold: (1) conversion of multinomial right-hand sides of the ODEs to purely second degree multinomial right-hand sides by space extension, (2) decrease the computational burden of probabilistic evolution theory by using the condensed Kronecker product. A first order ODE set with multinomial right-hand side functions may be converted to a first order ODE set with purely second degree multinomial right-hand side functions at the expense of an increase in the number of equations and unknowns. Obtaining purely second degree multinomial right-hand side functions is important because the solution of such equation set may be approximated by probabilistic evolution theory. A recent article by the authors states that the ODE set with the smallest number of unknowns can be found by searching. This paper gives the details of a way to search for the optimal space extension. As for the second purpose of the paper, the computational burden can be reduced by considering the properties of the Kronecker product of vectors and how the Kronecker product appears within the recursion of PREVTH: as a Cauchy product structure.

This paper presents a fault diagnosis algorithm to estimate the fault for a class of linear discrete systems based on an adaptive fault estimation observer. And observer gain matrix and adaptive adjusting rule of the fault estimator are designed. Furthermore, the adaptive regulating algorithm can guarantee the first-order difference of a Lyapunov discrete function to be negative, so that the observer is ensured to be stable and fault estimation errors are convergent. Finally, simulation results of an aircraft F-16 illustrate the advantages of the theoretic results that are obtained in this paper.

This paper focuses on the problem of finite-time stabilization of homogeneous, non-Lipschitz systems with dilations. A key contribution of this paper is the design of a virtual recursive Hölder, non-Lipschitz state feedback which renders the non-Lipschitz systems in the special case dominated by a lower-triangular nonlinear system, finite-time stable. The proof is based on a recursive design algorithm developed recently, to construct the virtual Hölder continuous, finite-time stabilizer as well as a C1 positive definite and proper Lyapunov function that guarantees finite-time stability of the non-Lipschitz non-linear systems.

Toeplitz quantization is defined in a general setting in which the symbols are the elements of a possibly non-commutative algebra with a conjugation and a possibly degenerate inner product. We show that the quantum group SUq(2) is such an algebra. Unlike many quantization schemes, this Toeplitz quantization does not require a measure. The theory is based on the mathematical structures defined and studied in several recent papers of the author; those papers dealt with some specific examples of this new Toeplitz quantization. Annihilation and creation operators are defined as densely defined Toeplitz operators acting in a quantum Hilbert space, and their commutation relations are discussed. At this point Planck’s constant is introduced into the theory. Due to the possibility of non-commuting symbols, there are now two definitions for anti-Wick quantization; these two definitions are equivalent in the commutative case. The Toeplitz quantization introduced here satisfies one of these definitions, but not necessarily the other. This theory should be considered as a second quantization, since it quantizes non-commutative (that is, already quantum) objects. The quantization theory presented here has two essential features of a physically useful quantization: Planck’s constant and a Hilbert space where natural, densely defined operators act.