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Social networking websites have become more and more popular recently. Users use them to meet new people and communicate their most recent thoughts and actions to their existing acquaintances. The website among these that is growing the quickest is social media. Due to its popularity, many spammers attempt to flood actual users' accounts with spam messages. This paper considers three social networks, Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram, for experimentation. The classification of the data into spam and non-spam using four machine learning techniques, including SVM, KNN, decision trees, and Random Forest. The results obtained from the experiments show that the proposed approach can accurately detect spam in social networks. Implementing such algorithms could help social network platforms improve user experience by reducing the prevalence of spam and fraudulent activity

In this project, we have designed, implemented and analyzed a news recommendation system. We used news articles dataset provided by BBC for the experiments. The system trains multiple classifiers on the training set, and use them to classify the news article chosen by the user. It then recommends m similar articles to the user. In this report, we discuss the methods we have implemented, results and their analysis. We have got best results with Naive Bayes algorithm, although we use combination of all the classifiers

The tendering or contracts are used by governments and companies to procure goods or services providers. E-tendering being the mostly used for procurement method, there are various security implications present. To solve these this issue, we use Blockchain technology. We use of blockchain technology to secure transaction-based documents along with transactions such as to provide a completely transparent tendering process, tender documents, applications, bid proposals, company profiles, past records, approving officer details, and rejections details are all required. In these paper, how smart contracts can be employed to design a distributed e-tendering system is explored. The project is divided into four sections, 1. Tender creations and publishing process, 2. Bidding process on the tender, 3. Evaluations and Negotiation of the bid and 4. Selections of the Winning bid.

IoT network is a promising technology, IoT implementation is growing rapidly but cybersecurity is still a loophole, detection of attacks in IOT infrastructures is a growing concern in the field of IoT. With the increased use of Internet of Things in different areas, cyber-attacks are also increasing proportionately and can cause failures in the system. IDS become the leading security solution. Anomaly based network intrusion detection (IDS) detection plays a major role in protecting networks against various malicious activities. Improving the security of loT networks has become one of the most critical issues. This is due to the large-scale development and deployment of loT devices and the insufficiency of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to be deployed for the use of special purpose networks. In this article, the performance of several machine learning models has been compared to accurately predict attacks on IoT systems, the case of imbalanced classes was subsequently treated using the SMOTE technique.

In this era, cloud computing is used in various fields like industry, military, college, etc. for various services and storage of huge amount of data. Data stored in this cloud can be accessed or retrieved on the users request without direct access to the server computer. But the major concern regarding storage of data online that is on the cloud is the Security. This Security concern can be solved using various ways, the most commonly used techniques are cryptography and steganography. But sometimes a single technique or algorithm alone cannot provide high-level security. So we have introduces a new security mechanism that uses a combination of multiple cryptographic algorithms of symmetric key and steganography. In this proposed system, RC6 (Rivest Cipher 6), AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) and Blowfish algorithms are used to provide security to data. All the algorithms use 128-bit keys. LSB steganography technique is used to securely store the key information. Key information will contain the information regarding the encrypted part of the file, the algorithm and the key for the algorithm. File during encryption is split into three parts. These individual parts of the file will be encrypted using different encryption algorithm simultaneously with the help of multithreading technique. The key information is inserted into an image using the LSB technique. Our methodology guarantees better security and protection of customer data by storing encrypted data on a single cloud server, using AES, RC6 and Blowfish algorithm.

Cerebellar ataxia is a form of ataxia originating in the cerebellum (the part of brain that is incharge of balance and coordination). Cerebellar ataxia can occur as a result of many diseases and may present with symptoms of inability to coordinate balance, gait, extremity and eye movements. In cerebellar ataxia progressive atrophy of cerebellum occurs. This can be compared to Mastulungshya in Ayurveda. Case Presentation- A 27 years male adult with the complaint of difficulty in walking, writing and difficulty in speaking since two years and also inability in doing daily activities of life got admitted in the Panchkarma male ward. On the basis of clinical features and investigation reports of MRI and CT of the brain, diagnosis done was Spino-Cerebellar ataxia. Management and Outcome- Aacharya Chakrapaani told that Mastishkya as Shirogata sneha (ca.sha 7/15) and atrophy means Kshya of Shirogata sneha. Patient was treated according to above principle, Brihana Chikitsa along Panchkarma procedures like Mustaadi yapna basti and Sarvang abhyang and Shashtikshali pindswedan was done for one month. Significant improvement was seen in clinical features. Patient walking distance increased from 100 meters to 2-3km daily without fatigue. BARS score was reduced from 12 to 6. His speech was improved and easily understandable. Discussion- In the present case, already damaged part was not recovered but the further progressive damage was prevented. Also there was significant improvement in clinical features. Ayurveda says Vyadhiviprit chikitsa sidhaant i.e., Brihana chikitsa in Kshyapradhan vyadhi. The Vyadhinidaan according to Ayurveda sidhant and treating them accordingly may be helpful in many neurological disorders.

Among the various Ras dravyas (mineral drugs), Abhraka Bhasma (incinerated mica ash) is widely used in therapeutics. Many herbal and other organic materials have been quoted in reference for various procedures in preparing Abhraka bhasma. It is wonderful that different pharmacological action has been attributed to different Dravyas used in the pharmaceutical processing of Abhraka Bhasma. However, to establish the safety of such metallic and mineral formulation it is the need of the hour to generate scientific data for such drugs. In the present study two samples of Abhraka Bhasma were prepared using two different methods. The safety profile of Abhraka Bhasma samples (AB-1 & AB-2) were evaluated by conducting acute and subacute toxicity study as per OECD Guidelines. Both acute and sub-acute toxicity study demonstrated safety of AB-1 and AB-2 when administered at therapeutic dose, TED X5 dose and TED X10 dose. Even though the sample AB-1 was prepared using a smaller number of Puta, it was sufficient for preparing good quality of Bhasma and was non-toxic

The necessity to find alternatives to sand as fine aggregates in the production of plaster has increased due to the diminishing sources of natural sand and the requirement to reduce the cost of cement plaster. One of these components is quarry dust, a by-product of the crushing operation during quarrying activities. Granite fines, also known as rock dust or quarry dust, are a byproduct of crushing granite boulders. The goal of the current work is to replace sand with quarry dust and improve the mixture of cementitious materials and quarry fines. The basic characteristics of quarry dust and the compressive strength of quarry dust concrete have been attempted to be studied. The compressive strength of cast cement mortar cubes was estimated. For plastering, cement mortar in the ratios of 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and 1:6 is created, and water absorption in the quarry fines is measured as a percentage. The workability of quarry dust is comparable to that of traditional fine aggregate (sand), and it contains nearly identical components to those found in EDAX. In the current work, the behaviour of cement mortar paste has been experimentally investigated. A range of cement mortar properties, including workability and compressive strength tests after 3 and 7 days of curing, have been the subject of experimental research.

We propose the task of free-form and open- ended Visual Question Answering (VQA). Given an image and a natural language question about the image, the task is to provide an accurate natural language answer. Mirroring real-world scenarios, such as helping the visually impaired, both the questions and answers are open-ended. Visual questions selectively target different areas of an image, including background details and underlying context. As a result, a system that succeeds at VQA typically needs a more detailed understanding of the image and complex reasoning than a system producing generic image captions. Moreover, VQA is amenable to automatic evaluation, since many open- ended answers contain only a few words or a closed set of answers that can be provided in a multiple choice format. We provide a dataset containing ~0.25M images, ~0.76M questions, and ~10M answers and discuss the information it provides. Numerous baseline for VQA are provided and compared with human performance. In this model, we have exclusively introduced a feature of voice to text using Speech recognition, Google Text-to-Speech and pygame module.

The technology for electric powered automobile wireless charging are reviewed using the method of inductive coupling. WPT is the switch of electrical electricity from the energy supply to a load without using physical connectors. WPT circuitry is located inside the car which gets activated while the vehicle reaches the charging location. The number one coil is supplied from the charging station. Flux is radiated out of the primary coil and receives triggered with secondary coil gift within the Electric vehicle (EV). The induced voltage from secondary coil is then regulated, rectified and used to rate the EV battery. In this mission a miniature version of electric automobile is charged in an powerful way without the use of cables and different plug-in technology. wireless energy transmission is done and control over electromagnetic induction and powerful charging of battery will be carried out.

Nowadays, the entire global has grown up every fasted similarly the technology also grown up. So, my project is basically fake product detection. The people can know how the product are fake or original in all the counterfeit product. In my project I ,have mainly taken the product is Bisleri bottles using the image processing with python language is used to identify the original or fake product using the key feature extraction with using of open cv module we can identify the product. In my project targeted on distance and key points of train image and inputted image. Computing those images we can easily find out the original and fake product.

The abundance of silicon (Si) in the earth's crust is found as silicon dioxide (SiO2). But this abundance of Si is not a sign that the plants take up an adequate amount of Si. This review article incorporates research based on Si to understand the importance of Si in plants under various stress conditions and its role in sustainable agricultural production. Si's application is considered a better approach to providing stress tolerance to plants under stress conditions. The review describes the different phases of Si, its absorption, transport in plants, and its various mechanisms of action to tolerate specific stresses. The uptake and transport of Si through various Si transporters have also been reported. This review also discusses the various mechanisms of Si under biotic or abiotic stress in different plants. The application of Si improves soil quality and soil health and enhances the soil microbial population. In addition, the role of Si in the upregulation and down-regulation of proteins under stressful conditions has also been reported. The information can help to better understand the importance and mechanism of Si in plants and its application in agriculture.

Brassinosteroid emerges as an essential phytohormone that helps the plant to maintain plant growth and development. It also helps the plants grow well under adverse conditions along with normal conditions. In this review article, we have discussed the functional role of brassinosteroid (BRS) in plants under salinity stress conditions. Salinity stress is one of the most devastating abiotic stresses which adversely affect plant growth by disturbing their metabolic pathway. This article also comprises the occurrence, structure and signalling pathway of the brassinosteroid. Application of brassinosteroid improves the plant status under salinity by enhancing the antioxidant enzyme activity in plants. Moreover, we also reported the different growth parameters enhanced by brassinosteroid application in plants under salinity. BRSs also maintain plant growth through the regulation of expression of various genes whose products are involved in various biochemical and physiological processes. This review is based on the various aspects in much detail which are required to understand the proper mechanism of BRS, such as i) the role of BRS signaling pathways in providing tolerance to the plants, ii) changes due to the presence or absence of BRS in plants under stress conditions, iii) BRSs application on the regulation of different genes and transcriptional factor, iv) regulation in ion homeostasis, v) reduction of oxidative stress via different mechanisms under salinity stress. However, a lot of knowledge is required to understand the role of BRS in alleviating salinity stress and needs future research work on BRS with its different derivatives in the alleviation of salt stress.

Land registration is an important document in determining the title of a property. Land registration refers to the process of registration of the document, changes in ownership and other transactions related to the property. Land Registration creates a clear record of ownership which clearly sets out any matters that affect the property, such as rights of way and restrictive covenants. Registration provides greater protection against claims for 'Adverse Possession ‘. Land Registry provides property owners with a land title guaranteed by the government, as well as with a title plan that indicates the property boundaries. Once property is entered into the register, the Land Registry records any ownership changes, mortgages or leases affecting it.

A new specialist design role is emerging in the construction industry. The primary task related to this role is focused on the control, development and sharing of geometric information with members of the design team in order to develop a design solution. Individuals engaged in this role can be described as a parametric designers. Parametric design involves the exploration of multiple solutions to architectural design problems using parametric models. In the past these models have been defined by computer programs, now commercially available parametric software provides a simpler means of creating these models. It is anticipated that the emergence of parametric designers will spread and a deeper understanding of the role is required. This thesis is aimed at establishing a detailed understanding of the tasks related to this new specialism and to develop a set of considerations that should be made when undertaking these tasks. The position of the parametric designer in architectural practice presents new opportunities in the design process this thesis also aims to capture these. Developments in this field of design are driven by practice. It is proposed that a generalised understanding of applied parametric design is primarily developed through the study of practical experience. Two bodies of work inform this study. First, a detailed analytical review of published work that focuses on the application of parametric technology and originates from practice. This material concentrates on the documentation of case studies from a limited number of practices. Second, a series of case studies involving the author as participant and observer in the context of contemporary practice. This primary research of applied use of parametric tools is documented in detail and generalised findings are extracted. Analysis of the literature from practice and generalisations based on case studies is contrasted with a review of relevant design theory. Based on this, a series of strategies for the parametric designer are identified and discussed.

This Project is proposed on precision agriculture system over the Internet of Things (IOT). Through analysing the present development of precision agriculture in outside world and considering its advantages and shortcomings, we decide an ecology farm as an example to conduct a replacement precision agriculture management system (PAMS). Designing a non-public Internet of Things (IOT) enabled platform for the research in precision agriculture and ecological monitoring domains. As water supplies become scarce thanks to climatically change, there's an urgent must irrigate more efficiently so as to optimize water use. During this context, farmers' use of a decision-support system is unavoidable. Indeed, the real-time supervision of microclimatic conditions are the sole thanks to know the water needs of a culture. Wireless sensor networks are playing a very important role with the arrival of the web of things within the community of the farmers. It’ll be judicious to form supervision possible via Sensors.