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This prospective cohort study aims to determine the correlation between morphometric measurements and the carrying angle of human elbow.One hundred forty children were enrolled in the study. They were evaluated for age, sex, morphometric measurements, clinical carrying angle (CCA) and radiological carrying angle (RCA). The morphometric measurements included in the study were length of arms and forearms, inter-epicondylar distance of both sides, trans-trochanteric distance, height and body mass index. The mean of carrying angles in unrelated groups (gender and secondary sexual features) was compared using the unpaired t-test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between carrying angle and continuous variables (age, height, body mass index, forearm length, arm length, inter-epicondylar distance and trans-trochanteric distance).The mean age was 5.84±4.76 years. Ninety-eight (70%) were males, and forty-two (30%) were females. The means of RCAs of the left side and right side were 9.07±2.13 and 8.85±2.09, respectively. The mean values of CCA on the left side and right side were 8.77±2.03 and 8.55±2.01 each. A significant positive correlation was found between CCA and age, weight, height, arm length, forearm length, inter-epicondylar distance and trans-trochanteric distance. CCA was found to be significantly negatively correlated with body mass index.CCA is significantly correlated with age, BMI and morphometric measurements.

Purpose This prospective cohort study aims to determine the factors that are associated with the carrying angle of the human elbow in the pediatric age group. Methods One hundred forty children up to 15 years of age were assessed for age, sex, forearm lengths of both sides, arm length of both sides, trans-trochanteric diameter, height, BMI, the inter-epicondylar distance of both sides, Baumann's angle of both sides, presence or absence of secondary sexual characteristics, clinical carrying angle (CCA) of both sides, and radiological carrying angle (RCA) of both sides. Unpaired t-test was used to compare the means of carrying angle in the unrelated groups, namely gender and secondary sexual characteristics. The strength and direction of the relationship between carrying angle and continuous variables were tested by calculating Pearson's correlation. Variables found to be associated with carrying angle at significance level0.25 on bi-variable analysis were used to design a linear regression model to identify factors associated with carrying angle. Results The mean age was 5.84±4.76 years. Ninety-eight (70%) were males, and forty-two (30%) were females. The mean CCA on the right side was 8.55±2.01. The mean CCA on the left side was 8.77±2.03. The mean RCA on the right side was 8.85±2.09. The mean RCA on the left side was 9.07±2.13. On bi-variable analysis, the CCA was found to be associated with age, secondary sexual characteristics, weight, height, arm length, forearm length, inter-epicondylar distance, trans-trochanteric distance, and Baumann's angle. CCA was found to be significantly negatively correlated with BMI. On multivariate linear regression, the CCA was found to be associated with age and inter-epicondylar distance. Conclusion Age and inter-epicondylar distance are the true associations of carrying angle.

To measure the additional effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on functional outcome of anterior cruciate ligament tear managed by augmenting anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with PRP.The present study was conducted on patients with ACL tear admitted in the department of orthopaedics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow wherein a total of 70 subjects were assigned into two groups of 35 patients each randomly, viz Group 1 in which the patients were treated by quadruple hamstring graft alone and Group 2 in which the patients were treated with augmented hamstring graft with PRP. The standardized anterior drawer test, Lachman's test, Lysholm knee score were quantified both preoperatively and postoperatively at different follow-ups and also tibial tunnel widening was measured postoperatively at different follow-ups.The present study had 70 patients with ACL tears. The mean age of patients in non-PRP groups was 29.71 ±2.99 years while that in the PRP group was 28.34±4.32 years. On comparing the improvement in grades at pre-op, immediate postop, 6 weeks, and 3 months follow-ups, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. The tibial tunnel widening also showed no significant difference between the two groups.In our study, it was found that both the groups showed improvements in grades of anterior drawer test and Lachman's test postoperatively but the difference between both the groups was not significant. Similarly, while comparing the improvements in Lysholm knee score and tibial tunnel widening among both the groups, the difference was not significant. Follow up of 3 months was a limiting factor in our study. This technique needs further clinical evaluation to assess the long-term results.

This study reports Streptomyces sp. strain T.S.A.KP identified as Streptomyces enissocaesilis isolated from soil inhabiting actinobacteria of Madhya Pradesh (India) as a new actinobacterial strain for production of glucose isomerase (GI) and Streptomyces sp. strain TSA. Dm1 closely related to Streptomyces sampsonii for the production of amylase. These strains were selected from an array of 120 actinobacterial isolates, which on screening originally yielded 18% GI producers and 36% amylase producers. S. enissocaesilis yielded maximum GI at pH 7 and 70 °C in 120 h. Highest amylase production from Streptomyces sp. strain TSA. Dm1 was observed at pH 7 and 37 °C in 96 h. Michaelis–Menten constant (Km) for GI and amylase was 1.54 M and 0.36 M, respectively. Vmax for GI was 11.76 U/ml and amylase 33 U/ml. These cultures were employed for HFCS production. Saccharification of corn starch was achieved up to 90.9% by Streptomyces sp. strain TSA. Dm1, and the glucose was isomerized to 40.8% by S. enissocaesilis. Presence of glucose and fructose in HFCS was also confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography.