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Subpontic osseous hyperplasia (SOH) is an ectopic growth of bone occurring on the edentulous ridge beneath a fixed partial denture. The aim of this article is to present three patients with SOH with long-term follow-up and to make a current overview of the literature. Presented maxillary SOH is the second case in the dental literature. Intraorally the lesions were bone-hard and painless swellings in the subpontic space. Radiographically, the maxillary case was a nodular bone growth having similar radiodensity and trabeculation to the adjacent bone with a thin radiopaque border. Mandibular cases were bony growths, which were more radiopaque than the adjacent alveolar ridge. Follow-up radiographs revealed regression in two of the cases. Clinicians should take care not to cause the possible etiologies of SOH such as functional stresses and chronic irritation by the prosthetic treatments and be aware of SOH does not usually require treatment or a biopsy.

The objective of this study was to investigate the cystic changes in radiographically normal follicles associated with impacted lower third molars (ILTM). The relation between the cystic changes and both the angular position and the contact of ILTM with the adjacent tooth was also evaluated.Follicular spaces of patients who were referred to our clinic for removal of ILTM for a variety of reasons were measured from panoramic radiographs by each author independently. Pericoronal tissues of radiographically normal impacted third molars were examined histopathologically. Then the data were analyzed for associations with age, sex, angular position, and contact of the ILTM with the second molar.There were 30 male and 64 female patients, ages ranging from 14 to 45 years (mean = 21.11). Forty-seven (50%) of the 94 specimens showed cystic changes as the only pathological condition other than inflammation. Most of the cystic changes occurred in the 20-25 year age range. The relation between cystic changes and angular position was statistically significant (chi 2 = 7.46, P.05). The higher probability of cystic changes was found in the vertically positioned ILTM. The relation between the cystic changes and communication of ILTM with the second molar was not statistically significant (chi 2 = 2.068, P.05).Cystic changes may be encountered in the histopathologic examination of asymptomatic third molars, especially in patients older than 20 years. Vertically positioned ILTM especially may be suspected for the higher possibility of cystic changes.

Dacryolith is a concretion within the nasolacrimal system. Dacryoliths may cause intermittent epiphora without inflammation, or recurrent dacryocystitis may develop. In this report, we present two patients with dacryoliths. The first patient had presented with a complaint of swelling and epiphora and had been told that she had lacrimal canal obstruction. This patient was unaware of the cause of obliteration and was asymptomatic. The second patient complained of headache, eye swelling and inflammation; dacryolith was diagnosed by clinical examination and dacryocystography. Dacryoliths were detected on the panoramic radiographs as small, rounded, radiopaque calcifications located in the inner aspect of the medial wall of the orbit. The image of dacryoliths must be differentiated from radiographic artefacts and foreign objects, and it is important to recognize dacryoliths on panoramic radiographs and to refer the patients for medical care, if necessary.

Initial oral signs of multiple myeloma may involve pain, paraesthesia, swelling, tooth mobility and radiolucency. A 62-year-old female patient presented with the chief complaint of numbness in the right lower jaw. Intraoral examination revealed no abnormalities and her history was non-contributory. A panoramic radiograph revealed an irregular, small radiopacity in the premolar region and small, multiple and diffuse osteolytic alterations in the mandible. Computed tomography revealed maxillary and mandibular cortical destruction. An incisional biopsy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was plasma cell myeloma and further investigations lead to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Dysfunction of a nerve coursing through diseased bone is an ominous sign and may be an indication that a malignant process is present.

In this study, 4500 consecutive panoramic radiographs were prospectively reviewed. The incidence of canine impaction was found to be 3.58% and the incidence of canine transmigration was 0.31%. There were six maxillary and eight mandibular transmigrant canines. The incidence of impacted canine teeth and transmigration of maxillary and mandibular canines may be more frequent than was previously thought, at least in some populations.

Multiple impacted teeth may be related to syndromes and metabolic disorders. In some cases, however, impaction of multiple teeth is not accompanied by a fixed complex of symptoms. A 55-year-old woman attended our clinic, as she was not comfortable with her prosthetic appliances because of erupted teeth. Panoramic and occlusal radiographs revealed 13 impacted teeth (12 permanent and 1 deciduous) in the maxilla and 15 impacted teeth (11 permanent and 4 deciduous) in the mandible. In total the patient had 28 impacted teeth. In our case, medical and family history and extraoral examination were not suggestive of any syndrome or metabolic disorder. In conclusion, radiographic examination may reveal multiple impactions in clinical absence of teeth. Lack of eruptive force and rotation of tooth buds may cause multiple impactions and additional examinations may be necessary to exclude systemic and metabolic conditions.

Pre-eruptive migration of a tooth across the midline is termed "transmigration". This condition has not been reported for teeth other than mandibular canines. Bilateral transmigration is extremely rare, and associated pathological lesions are also reported. The aim of this report is to present the first case of maxillary canine transmigration as well as additional cases of transmigrated mandibular canines, with special emphasis on their classification.

Cervical lymph node calcification is usually asymptomatic and may be found on a routine panoramic survey. Such calcifications in tuberculosis occur most often after caseation of the node or after treatment. Our patient had lymph node tuberculosis about 50 years ago. On the panoramic radiograph, several massive, irregular, radiopaque masses were detected. These masses were regarded as submandibular cervical lymph node calcifications. We suggest that lymph node tuberculosis may have been due to ingesting milk infected with Mycobacterium bovis, and that both the delay in the diagnosis and the successful treatment was the cause of lymph node calcification.

Objectives: To assess dental patients’ oralcancer awareness, and attitudes and preferencestowards having a screening with a fluorescencevisualization device.Materials and Methods:In this crosssectional, descriptive study, a questionnaireconsisting of 20 questions was administered to 50dental patients aged eighteen and over. The firstpart of the questionnaire included questions aboutthe socio-demographic features of the patients; thecauses, signs and symptoms, diagnosis andtreatment of oral cancer. After informing all theparticipants about the method, patients whoaccepted to do so, were examined using thefluorescence visualization device. The second partof the questionnaire included questions on attituesand preferences towards oral cancer screening.Frequency distribution test was used in statisticalanalysis.Results: Fourty-four percent of the studyparticipants had never heard of oral cancer.Smoking was the most frequently identified causeand sore in the mouth was the most frequentlyidentified symptom. Only eight percent of the studyparticipants had heard of oral cancer screening witha fluorescence visualization device. Eighty-fourpercent of the participants accepted to have ascreening. Patients would accept to be scheduledfor follow-up (96%), or biopsy (84%) if a suspectedlesion is detected.Conclusions: Patients seem generally unawareof oral cancer and oral cancer screening butattitudes to screening were positive. We need to usethis information to increase oral cancer awarenessand to facilitate early detection., Amaç: Hastaların ağız kanseri konusundaki bilgi düzeyini ve bir floresans görüntüleme cihazı ile tarama yapılması ile ilgili görüş ve tercihlerini değerlendirmek.Gereç ve yöntem: Bu kesitsel, tanımlayıcı çalışmada on sekiz yaş ve üstündeki 50 hastaya 20 soruluk bir anket uygulandı. Anketin ilk bölümünde hastaların sosyo-demografik özellikleri; ağız kanserinin nedenleri, bulgu ve belirtileri, teşhis ve tedavisi ile ilgili sorular bulunmaktaydı. Bütün hastalar yöntemle ilgili olarak bilgilendirildikten sonra, kabul eden hastalara tarama yapıldı. Anketin ikinci kısmı ağız kanseri taraması ile ilgili görüş ve tercihleri ile ilgili sorular içermekteydi. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede frekans dağılım testinden yararlanıldı.Bulgular: Çalışma grubunun yüzde kırk dördü ağız kanserinden haberdar değildi. Neden olarak sigara içilmesi ve belirti olarak ağızda yara en sık verilen cevaptı. Hastaların yalnızca yüzde sekizi floresans görüntüleme cihazı ile yapılan taramayı duymuştu. Katılımcıların yüzde seksen dördü kendilerine tarama yapılmasını kabul etti. Şüpheli bir lezyona rastlandığında hastalar kontrole gelmeyi (%96) veya biyopsi yapılmasını (%84) kabul edeceklerini belirtmişti.Sonuç: Hastalar genel olarak ağız kanserinden haberdar değildir fakat taramaya karşı tutumları olumludur. Elde edilen bulgulardan ağız kanseri farkındalığını artırmak ve erken tespitini kolaylaştırmak için yararlanılması önerilebilir.

This report describes a 31-year-old female patient with six impacted teeth. The crowns of the impacted teeth were surrounded with cyst-like lesions with a mixed internal structure and well-defined cortical borders. Microscopic examination of the specimen obtained from the follicle of the left mandibular third molar tooth revealed loose to moderately dense collagenous connective tissue with abundant calcified material and sparse epithelial islands. A diagnosis of multiple calcifying hyperplastic dental follicles was made. © 2013 by Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.