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Medan is the capital city of North Sumatra Province and the biggest city on the island of Sumatra. Big cities in Indonesia generally have problems with environmental degradation. One of the efforts to preserve the environment in urban areas is to provide public green spaces dominated by trees. In the process of its life, the tree experiences many disturbances and interventions from the surrounding environment. It can make it grow abnormally or become sick. One of the negative impacts of this is when extreme weather occurs and causes trees to break easily, fall, and fall on whatever is underneath. It can cause various material losses and even fatalities. The research has conducted at Beringin Park in Medan. It is one of the favorite places for people to gather and enjoy the freshness of clean air. Research on tree health surveys and inventories in public green spaces is important to do as one of the efforts to mitigate the occurrence of fallen tree disasters. This research is aimed to take an inventory of tree health in Beringin Park as an mitigation effort of the fallen tree disaster in Medan. Vegetation parameters were collected by using the census method at the pole and tree stage. The Shannon – Wienner diversity index has used to assess the biodiversity level of the research location. Then damage level index was analyzed by using Forest Health Monitoring Method. The results showed that the tree vegetation in Beringin Park was in the healthy category based on the Tree Damage Index Value which ranged from 1.20 to 4.10.

Vegetation is an important component of preventing erosion and drought, regulating water and hydrology, improving soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, balancing the carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air, conserving biodiversity, effecting other biota in ecosystem, and supporting the ecotourism potential. The effect varies depending on the structure and composition of the plants that comprise the area's vegetation formation. Sibolangit tourism park, with an area of 24.85 Ha, was established in 1980 by Minister of Agriculture Decree No. 636/Kpts/Um/1980. This study aims to examine the importance value index and diversity index of species in the Sibolangit tourism park area. The data was sampled using a simple random sampling method with a 5% sampling intensity. The observation plots were randomly placed to cover all the study sites. Species, diameter, height, and the number of each individual were recorded during field observation. The study recorded a total of 67 species in Sibolangit Tourism Park. The dominant species at the tree stage was Pterocarpus indicus with an IVI of 28%. Mitrephora obtusa was the dominant species at the pole and sapling stages with the IVI of 52% and 35%, respectively. At the seedling stage, Strombosia ceylanica was the dominant with an IVI of 62%. The vegetation diversity at the study site was in the moderate range with the 2.71 of Shannon-Wiener diversity index.

The mangrove forests in Indonesia are starting to decrease over time because there is still a lack of knowledge among people around the coast about the importance of mangroves. Kampung Nelayan, Medan Belawaan, is a coastal community area whose life is very dependent on coastal, mangrove, and water resources. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology has the potential to provide a fast, cost-effective, and efficient mangrove mapping technique. It is very useful because mangrove areas are located in remote areas, where field measurements are difficult, time-consuming, and expensive. The objective of this study is to analyze mangrove species using UAV imagery with Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) classification. The object-based classification result for the overall accuracy is 82.94% where there are 7 classes of mangrove species based on the classification process, including: Avicennia alba, Avicennia officinialis, Avicennia Marina, Rhizopora apiculata, Nypah fruticans, Scyphipora hydrophylacea, Bruguiera gymnorriza. There are also two classes for non-mangrove, consisting of the water body and non-mangrove. The largest area of mangrove species in the research site is Avicennia Marina with a percentage of 33.86% covering an area of 7.80 Ha. The second-largest mangrove species with a percentage of 21.88% is Avicennia officinalis with an area of 5.04 Ha.

The jeruju plant (Acanthus ilicifolius) is a plant that is affected by the tides and usually gets a higher supply of fresh water. Jeruju plants can be processed into processed products in the form of mangrove tea. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and analysis of microbial contamination of ready-to-drink jeruju leaf tea based on storage time. Determination of antioxidant activity was carried out by the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhdrazyl (DPPH) method using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The microbiological analysis test was carried out based on the Coliform Most Probable Number (MPN). The results of the antioxidant activity test have different antioxidant activity values at each storage time. The results of microbiological analysis testing with a storage period of 3 months contain coliform bacteria, so they are not suitable for consumption.

Panthera tigris sumatraeis one of endemic species of Sumatera Island included in the endangered species red list by the IUCN. The efforts to preserve the sumatran tiger is with conservation activities both in-situ and ex-situ. One form of ex-situ conservation is to keep animals in the zoos. This study aims to assess the welfare level of Sumatran tigers are in Medan Zoo and Siantar Zoo. Aspects of tiger welfare are measured through 5 variables basedon five animal freedom, namely the free of hunger and thirst, the free of environmental discomfort, the free of pain, wounds and diseases, the free of natural behavior and the free of fear and suffering. Data collection through direct observation of animal management and assessment of minimum animal welfare standards. Interviews with veterinarians and animal keepers about human resources and management activities carried out in supporting animal welfare. The assessment is carried out by the management, namely veterinarians, animal keepers, researchers and visitors to obtain objective results. The implementation of sumatran tiger welfare management in Medan Zoo has an average of 76.9 with the category is good and for Siantar Zoo has an average of 95 with the category is very good. Recommendation that needs to be considered from the results of this study is that Medan Zoo needs to add enrichment in the cages that tigers can behave naturally.

Nature tourism is an effort to utilize natural resources that have been designated as tourist attraction objects to be targeted for tourism potential. One of the national strategic natural tourism areas around Lake Toba is Simarjarunjung. This area has an ecosystem of forest areas with very beautiful views that are managed by the community. This study aims to examine how the institutional management of natural tourism objects and the use of natural resources in the Simarjarunjung area of North Sumatra. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of this study present various characteristics of the institutional aspects of nature tourism management. Various advantages and disadvantages exist in the form of management institutions, such as the Association of Forest Farmers Groups (Gapoktan), Tourism Aware Groups (Pokdarwis), and individuals/volunteers. The potential of natural resources that are utilized and managed in the form of views of Lake Toba, the natural charm of the mountains, the charm of pine stands, agroforestry ecosystems, and a cool microclimate. The results of the comparison of various institutional models and the use of natural resources can be used as a reference in the development of natural tourism by managers and related stakeholders.

Dimensional stability is a significant problem in particleboard. This study aims to analyze the effect of immersing particles in an acid solution on particleboard’s physical and mechanical properties made of kemenyan (Styrax sumatrana) wood and belangke (Gigantochloa pruriens) bamboo. The particles were immersed in each acid solution for 24 h, and then dried to reach 9% water content. The particleboard was made with a 25x25 cm2 with a target thickness and density of 1 cm and 0.70 g/cm3, respectively. After being made into sheets, the next step is hot pressing using a hot press machine that has set the temperature, time, and pressure at 160 °C, 5 min, and 30 kg/cm2, respectively. The results showed that immersion in the acid solution can stabilize the dimensions of the resulting particleboard but does not reduce the strength of the board. Several board properties have met the standards, such as density, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture, and internal bond.

The use of non-wood lignocellulosic materials is currently limited as organic fertilizer, fuel, and animal feed. These materials have the opportunity to be used in the manufacture of particleboard. This study aimed to analyze the properties of the panel made of non-wood lignocellulosic material bonded using melamine-formaldehyde adhesive. Non-wood lignocellulosic materials used in this study include bagasse, corn cobs, durian skin, coconut fiber, and rice husks. The material was converted into 20 mesh size particles. The level of melamine-formaldehyde adhesive used was 10%. Hot pressing was done for 10 min at 140oC using 30 kg/cm2 pressure. The board is made of 25 x 25 cm2 with a target density and thickness of 0.80 g/cm3 and 1 cm, respectively. The findings revealed that bagasse board has superior physical and mechanical properties to other lignocellulosic materials. This board has the highest internal bond and the lowest thickness swelling value. Most of the test parameters in this study did not meet the JIS A 5908-2003 because the density target was not achieved.