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The phytochemical reinvestigation from the heartwood of the extracts of Cordia glazioviana led to the isolation of four still undescribed hydroquinones derivatives designated as cordiaquinol D (1), cordiaquinol E (2), (10R)-10,11-dihydrofuran-1,4-dihydroxy-globiferin (3) and 2-[(1’E,6’E)-3’,8’‑dihydroxy-3’,7’-dimethylocta-1’,6’-dienyl]-benzene-1,4-diol (4), along with the naphthoquinone 6-[(2’R)-2’-hydroxy-3’,6’-dihydro-2H-pyran-5’-yl]-2‑methoxy- 7‑methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione (5). Additionally, six previously known compounds were also isolated: rel-1,4-dihydroxy-8α,11α;9α,11α-diepoxy-2-methoxy-8aβ-methyl- 5,6,7,8,8a,9,10,10a‑octahydro-10-antracenone (6), didehydroconicol (7), 1β,6β-dihydroxy-7-epieudesm-3-ene (8), 1β,6β-dihydroxy-7-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene (9), 10,11-dihydroxybisabolol (10), and hamanasal-A (11). The structures of the new compounds were assigned by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The relative stereochemistry of 3, 4, and 5 was improved by quantum mechanical calculations. Eight, out of the eleven isolated compounds (2-9), were tested through cellular viability and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation assays against RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells. Compounds 3-5 exhibited a stronger effect on LPS-induced NO production (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 50.34, 105.83, and 66.73 μM, respectively).

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), Cordia verbenacea and Psidium guajava, both alone and in association against Rhipicephalus microplus. Larval packet and adult immersion tests were conducted in concentrations ranging from 3.1 at 100.0mg mL?1. CNSL was effective against engorged females (99.6%) at 100.0mg mL?1 and against larvae (99.2 %) at 50.0mg mL?1. The highest efficacy on engorged females was achieved by the essential oils of P. guajava at 12.5mg mL?1 (99.9%), followed by those of C. verbenacea at 25.0mg mL?1 (96.9%), while a low larvicidal activity of 5.8 and 59.0% was, respectively, obtained. The association at 50.0mg mL?1 had asignificant effect on both life stages of R. microplus. This association caused considerable larval mortality (95.3%) and high efficacy on engorged females (93.9%). Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-17T01:11:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Acaricidalactivityofcashewnut.pdf: 1135573 bytes, checksum: cb80c12c8c69453261941135cbffeef3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Metabolomics, together with analytical methods and chemometric tools, point to new paths for selecting species that are resistant to pests and diseases. In this work, the forage palm species’ metabolomic profile was investigated, and the relation between the chemical composition and resistance to Dactylopius opuntiae (carmine cochineal). The study was performed in cladodes of different non-susceptible cultivars (Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck, Opuntia stricta (Haw.), Nopalea cochenillifera and susceptible cultivar (Opuntia ficus‑indica (L.) Mill.)). Metabolic profile showed 28 metabolites detected in the four species. From these total, 18 metabolites were annotated using UPLC‑QTOF‑MSE (ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time‑of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode). By comparing the chemical profiles of non-susceptible and susceptible species through the application of chemometric tools, it was possible to obtain biomarkers (quercetin-3‑O‑2’,6’‑dirhamnosylglucoside, quercetin rhamnosyl dihexoside, and isorhamnetin-3-sophoroside-7‑rhamnoside) that may be associated with resistance to carmine cochineal. Metabolomics based on UPLC-QTOF-MSE and chemometric allowed to establish the biomarkers knowledge of the resistance present in forage palm species. These results contribute to developing the initial understanding of flavonoids’ role in the defense mechanisms of cactaceans and can be useful for application in breeding programs; it can increase the chances of success in creating new varieties of plants not susceptible to carmine cochineal.

Myracrodruon urundeuva (aroeira-do-sertão) is a species threatened with extinction due to anthropogenic exploitation. Phytochemical analysis of bark, branch and leaf extracts revealed the presence of several compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, quercetin derivatives and anacardic acids. Dereplication methodology was performed to tentatively identify 50 compounds analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode (UPLC-QTOF-MSE). The extracts exhibited anti-tumor effect in cancer cells HCT-116 (colorectal), SF-295 (glioblastoma), HL-60 (leukemia), and RAJI (leukemia). Also, these results correlate with the principal component analysis (PCA) data that identified three distinct groups indicating, efficiently, metabolic differences between organs of M. urundeuva. Through discriminatory analysis of the orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA), the variable of importance in the projection (VIP) and S-Plot, we were able to determine 30 potential biomarkers. The fingerprint of hydroethanolic extracts was correlated with the cytotoxicity assay and demonstrated a significant difference in the composition of plant extract. Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-24T18:17:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MetabolomicsBasedDiscoveryofBiomarkerswith2019.pdf: 3991156 bytes, checksum: 1d6d7fbdb69123f422ac2fdeac45d5cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 On-line

Our study aimed at the development of a method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) using selected ion monitoring for the simultaneous quantitation of the alkaloids galantamine, pseudolycorine, sanguinine and narciclasine in Amaryllidaceae species (Hippeastrum elegans, Habranthus cf. irwinianus, Hymenocallis littoralis and Griffinia nocturna). The alkaloids were extracted from dried and ground bulbs (100 mg) using liquid-liquid microextraction followed by solid phase extraction in cation exchange cartridges. The quantification method showed good linearity (correlation coefficient, R ≥ 0.9968) and selectivity for a run time of 10 min. All values were within the acceptable limits for recovery (87.5-96.2%), interday (coefficient of variation, CV%, 1.3-8.4%) and intraday precision (CV% 5.7-8.1%), except narciclasine (70%). The limits of detection and quantification were 5-100 and 20-350 ng mL-1, respectively. Our method demonstrated to be rapid, sensitive and reliable, therefore appropriate for being employed in the prospection of new source of galantamine and other alkaloids.

Agroindustrial residues, such as leaves of fruit plants, can be sources of bioactive molecules, thus adding value to co-products that are rarely explored in agroindustry. In this context, this study aimed to look into the phytochemical profiles in detail and to explore the antitumor potential of S. tuberosa and S. mombin leaves. We observed that, S. tuberosa leaf extract was cytotoxic in both tumor and healthy cells. S. mombin extracts selectively inhibited cell proliferation in the tumor cell line for prostate cancer (PC3) and did not significantly affect healthy cells. The metabolic profiles of the extracts were evaluated by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and twenty-three metabolites were identified. The correlation of metabolic profiles with cytotoxic tests indicated possible chemical markers that may be responsible for the inhibition of cell proliferation. This study revealed that the unexplored co-products in agroindustry may have great therapeutic potential, and therefore should be screened for biologically active compounds Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-13T18:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BasedMetabolomicProfilesCombinedwithChemometricTools.pdf: 2385198 bytes, checksum: 4db412914ff9ab9f8b02ddbdeae3e448 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020

Effects of two ethylene inhibitors, 1-methylcylopropene (1-MCP) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), on production of volatile compounds and mangiferin (a bioactive xanthone) in 'Tommy Atkins' mango fruit were investigated. Volatile composition and mangiferin content, in treated and untreated fruits at three maturity, stages were determined by SPME-GC-MS and HPLC, respectively. These chromatographical analysis revealed that the volatile profiles and mangiferin concentrations were not significantly different, suggesting that the use of ethylene inhibitors does not affect the mango aroma and functional properties relative to this xanthone. Moreover, a simple, precise and accurate HPLC method was developed for quantifying mangiferin in mango pulp.