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The use of and access to information and communication technologies (ICT) have become a central component of our day-to-day lives. However, in the current social and healthcare context, certain online activities have become particularly important, such as video calls, online shopping and online healthcare. The objective of this work is to explore the uses and opinions of this type of ‘telehealth’ and ‘teknokare’ tools by the population over 65 years of age, and to also investigate this generation from a gender perspective. The central method was the analysis of the National Observatory of Telecommunications and the Information Society questionnaire Los ciudadanos ante la e-sanidad, 2016 [Citizens and e-health, 2016], as well as current references. There is a certain mistrust in the use of the Internet in the field of e-health, which results in a reduced implementation of monitoring and telecare technologies. Although they have very positive evaluations, the level of use is limited. The main profile of users is male, aged between 65 and 80 years old, with higher education, living in large cities, cohabiting with children and / or a partner and who has an optimistic perception of their health status. As a conclusion, it should be noted that, despite the fact that there is an evident reduction in the digital divide in older people, in the case of women, especially octogenarians, they continue to be invisible and under-represented in terms of their use and opinions of these ICTs, which is coherent with their lower levels of social and digital engagement confirmed in the latest research. El uso y acceso a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) se han convertido en un motor del día a día de toda la población. De hecho, en el actual contexto sociosanitario, determinadas actividades en línea han cobrado especial importancia, como las videollamadas, las compras online o la asistencia sanitaria en línea. El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en conocer el uso y la opinión de este tipo de herramientas de ‘telesalud' y 'teknokuidado’ por parte de la población mayor de 65 años, e indagar en esta brecha generacional desde una perspectiva de género. El método central será la explotación del cuestionario del Observatorio Nacional de las Telecomunicaciones y de la Sociedad de la Información (ONTSI) Los ciudadanos ante la e-sanidad, 2016, sumado a las referencias actuales. Se constata cierta desconfianza en el uso de internet en materia de ‘e-salud’, lo que deriva en una escasa implementación de tecnologías de monitorización y telecuidado. Si bien éstas cuentan con valoraciones muy positivas, el nivel de uso es limitado. Destaca un perfil de usuario mayoritariamente hombre de entre 65 y 80 años, con estudios superiores, residente en grandes ciudades, conviviente con hijos/as y/o pareja y una percepción optimista de su estado de salud. Como conclusión cabe indicar que existe una evidente reducción de la brecha digital en las personas mayores. Además, en el caso de las mujeres, especialmente las octogenarias, se observa que siguen estando invisibilizadas e infrarrepresentadas también en cuanto al uso y opinión de estas TIC, en coherencia con su menor presencia social y digital confirmada en las últimas investigaciones. A utilização e o acesso às tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) tornaram-se um motor do dia-a-dia de toda a população. Na verdade, no atual contexto social e de saúde, certas atividades online tornaram-se especialmente importantes, como chamadas de vídeo, compras online ou saúde online. O objetivo deste trabalho está focado em conhecer o uso e a opinião deste tipo de ferramentas de ‘telessaúde e teknokuidate’ pela população com mais de 65 anos de idade, e investigar essa lacuna de gerações a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. O método central será a exploração do questionário do Observatório Nacional das Telecomunicações e da Sociedade da Informação (ONTSI) Cidadãos antes da e-saúde, 2016, adicionado às referências atuais. Existe uma certa desconfiança no uso da internet em questões de 'e-saúde', o que resulta em uma implementação escassa de tecnologias de monitoramento e tele-atendimento. Embora tenham avaliações muito positivas, o nível de uso é limitado. Destaca-se o perfil de um usuário, em sua maioria do sexo masculino, entre 65 e 80 anos, com ensino superior, residente em grandes cidades, morando com filhos e / ou companheiro e com percepção otimista sobre sua saúde. Como conclusão, deve-se destacar que há uma redução evidente da exclusão digital entre os idosos. Além disso, no caso das mulheres, principalmente octogenárias, observa-se que elas continuam invisíveis e sub-representadas também em termos de uso e opinião dessas TICs, em coerência com sua menor presença social e digital confirmada nas últimas pesquisas. A utilização e o acesso às tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) tornaram-se um motor do dia-a-dia de toda a população. Na verdade, no atual contexto social e de saúde, certas atividades online tornaram-se especialmente importantes, como chamadas de vídeo, compras online ou saúde online. O objetivo deste trabalho está focado em conhecer o uso e a opinião deste tipo de ferramentas de ‘telessaúde e teknokuidate’ pela população com mais de 65 anos de idade, e investigar essa lacuna de gerações a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. O método central será a exploração do questionário do Observatório Nacional das Telecomunicações e da Sociedade da Informação (ONTSI) Cidadãos antes da e-saúde, 2016, adicionado às referências atuais. Existe uma certa desconfiança no uso da internet em questões de 'e-saúde', o que resulta em uma implementação escassa de tecnologias de monitoramento e tele-atendimento. Embora tenham avaliações muito positivas, o nível de uso é limitado. Destaca-se o perfil de um usuário, em sua maioria do sexo masculino, entre 65 e 80 anos, com ensino superior, residente em grandes cidades, morando com filhos e / ou companheiro e com percepção otimista sobre sua saúde. Como conclusão, deve-se destacar que há uma redução evidente da exclusão digital entre os idosos. Além disso, no caso das mulheres, principalmente octogenárias, observa-se que elas continuam invisíveis e sub-representadas também em termos de uso e opinião dessas TICs, em coerência com sua menor presença social e digital confirmada nas últimas pesquisas.

Este estudio analiza los problemas que perciben las personas adultas y mayores propietarias sobre la vivienda, en comparación a las que viven en régimen de alquiler (o en propiedad con hipoteca pendiente). Se consideran los siguientes componentes: los procesos patológicos del edificio/vivienda y los aspectos físicos del entorno, aplicándose un modelo de regresión lineal según régimen de vivienda y situación socioeconómica de las personas encuestadas (N=1.110, barómetro CIS 2014). El trabajo se enmarca en el debate abierto del modelo inmobiliario que favorece a la vivienda en propiedad, apuntando a la necesidad de investigar la vivienda y su entorno a través de una perspectiva de género/generacional y, establecer medidas (y nuevas fórmulas residenciales). Todo ello, para garantizar el derecho a una vivienda digna con mayor inclusión para determinados grupos de edad, como pueden ser las mujeres mayores. This study analyses perceived problems on housing by adult and older persons who own the house, in comparison with people opinions living on a rental basis (or in property with a pending mortgage). The main components of analysis are: The pathological processes of the building and the physical aspects of the environment, by applying a linear regression model according to housing regime and situation of the people surveyed (N=1,100, CIS barometer 2014). This work is part of the open debate on the real estate model which favours housing ownership, pointing to the need to investigate housing and its environment through a gender/ generational perspective and establish measures (and new residential formulas). All of this to guarantee the right to decent housing to produce greater inclusion for certain age groups, such as older women.

En España, el nivel de cobertura de los programas dirigidos a cuidadores/as de mayores, principalmente mujeres, no alcanza el nivel adecuado y es una evidencia que se manifiesta de múltiples modos. Por ejemplo, la compatibilización de cuidado y trabajo remunerado, imprescindible para gran parte de cuidadoras, sería posible si se arbitraran oportunas medidas de apoyo. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es investigar diferentes aspectos de los programas (titularidad, tipo y contenidos, beneficiarios/as del programa, diseño e impacto) dirigidos a cuidadores/as de mayores de cara al establecimiento de potenciales mejoras o nuevas versiones. La metodología seguida en la evaluación de estos programas parte de un análisis cualitativo (a través de 13 entrevistas en profundidad a expertas/os, y 7 grupos de discusión a cuidadoras de mayores, N=65) y cuantitativo (por medio de un cuestionario a responsables de programas, N=338), a nivel nacional.Las respuestas de los/as responsables de los programas y los discursos de los/as cuidadoras/es coinciden en señalar las consecuencias positivas de estos soportes sobre la calidad de vida de las cuidadoras/es y las personas mayores. Sin embargo, persisten graves insuficiencias que impiden el óptimo cumplimiento de los objetivos para los que se diseñaron. La mayor parte de los estudios se centran en desarrollar los «problemas» en torno al cuidado. Este artículo se propone avanzar en el camino de las «soluciones», de las posibles medidas a aplicar tanto en el terreno de los cuidados de mayores como a la calidad de vida de las personas cuidadoras, a partir del análisis de los programas sobre «cómo cuidar a la persona cuidadora». In Spain, the programs coverage level aimed at older people caregivers, mainly women, does not reach the appropriate level, evidence that manifests itself in multiple ways. For example, the compatibility of care and paid work, essential for many caregivers, would be possible if appropriate support measures were taken. In this context, the objective of this work is to investigate differents aspects of the programs -ownership, type and contents, beneficiaries of the program, design and impact- aimed at older people caregivers in order to establish potential improvements or new versions. The methodology followed in the evaluation of these programs is based on a qualitative analysis (through 13 in-depth interviews with experts, and 7 discussion groups for caregivers, N = 65) and quantitative (through a questionnaire to responsible for programs, N = 338), at the national level. The responses of those responsible for the programs and the speeches of the caregivers coincide in pointing out the positive consequences of these supports on the quality of life of caregivers and the older people. However, serious shortcomings persist that prevent optimum compliance with the objectives for which they were designed. The article focuses on the analysis of programs with emphasis on the gender perspective to apply both to the field of care for the elderly and to the quality of life of carers. Este artículo es parte de la investigación que ha sido financiada por el Proyecto CM:LEDYEVA "Cuidadoras/es de Mayores: situación ante la Ley de Dependencia y Evaluación de programas destinados a cuidadores» (financiado por MINECO , "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad", Ref: CSO2009-10290, Plan Nacional de I+D, 2009-2013, España): http://cuidadoresdemayores.blogspot.com.es. El proyecto fue considerado en 2013 como "Buena Práctica" por la Red a nivel europeo «Wedo Partnership" (Por el bienestar y la dignidad del Personas Mayores) que agrupa a varias organizaciones y países vinculados a estos temas. htpp://www.wedopartnership.eu/goodpractice/caregivers-older-people-situation-dependence-act-and-evaluation-programs -carers. También se obtuvo (2012) el reconocimiento de "buena práctica" desde la Fundación Pilares, http://www .fundacionpilares.org/modeloyambienteprisma

En España, el nivel de cobertura de los programas dirigidos a cuidadores/as de mayores, principalmente mujeres, no alcanza el nivel adecuado y es una evidencia que se manifiesta de múltiples modos. Por ejemplo, la compatibilización de cuidado y trabajo remunerado, imprescindible para gran parte de cuidadoras, sería posible si se arbitraran oportunas medidas de apoyo. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es investigar diferentes aspectos de los programas (titularidad, tipo y contenidos, beneficiarios/as del programa, diseño e impacto) dirigidos a cuidadores/as de mayores de cara al establecimiento de potenciales mejoras o nuevas versiones. La metodología seguida en la evaluación de estos programas parte de un análisis cualitativo (a través de 13 entrevistas en profundidad a expertas/os, y 7 grupos de discusión a cuidadoras de mayores, N=65) y cuantitativo (por medio de un cuestionario a responsables de programas, N=338), a nivel nacional.Las respuestas de los/as responsables de los programas y los discursos de los/as cuidadoras/es coinciden en señalar las consecuencias positivas de estos soportes sobre la calidad de vida de las cuidadoras/es y las personas mayores. Sin embargo, persisten graves insuficiencias que impiden el óptimo cumplimiento de los objetivos para los que se diseñaron. La mayor parte de los estudios se centran en desarrollar los «problemas» en torno al cuidado. Este artículo se propone avanzar en el camino de las «soluciones», de las posibles medidas a aplicar tanto en el terreno de los cuidados de mayores como a la calidad de vida de las personas cuidadoras, a partir del análisis de los programas sobre «cómo cuidar a la persona cuidadora». In Spain, the programs coverage level aimed at older people caregivers, mainly women, does not reach the appropriate level, evidence that manifests itself in multiple ways. For example, the compatibility of care and paid work, essential for many caregivers, would be possible if appropriate support measures were taken. In this context, the objective of this work is to investigate differents aspects of the programs -ownership, type and contents, beneficiaries of the program, design and impact- aimed at older people caregivers in order to establish potential improvements or new versions. The methodology followed in the evaluation of these programs is based on a qualitative analysis (through 13 in-depth interviews with experts, and 7 discussion groups for caregivers, N = 65) and quantitative (through a questionnaire to responsible for programs, N = 338), at the national level. The responses of those responsible for the programs and the speeches of the caregivers coincide in pointing out the positive consequences of these supports on the quality of life of caregivers and the older people. However, serious shortcomings persist that prevent optimum compliance with the objectives for which they were designed. The article focuses on the analysis of programs with emphasis on the gender perspective to apply both to the field of care for the elderly and to the quality of life of carers. Este artículo es parte de la investigación que ha sido financiada por el Proyecto CM:LEDYEVA "Cuidadoras/es de Mayores: situación ante la Ley de Dependencia y Evaluación de programas destinados a cuidadores» (financiado por MINECO , "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad", Ref: CSO2009-10290, Plan Nacional de I+D, 2009-2013, España): http://cuidadoresdemayores.blogspot.com.es. El proyecto fue considerado en 2013 como "Buena Práctica" por la Red a nivel europeo «Wedo Partnership" (Por el bienestar y la dignidad del Personas Mayores) que agrupa a varias organizaciones y países vinculados a estos temas. htpp://www.wedopartnership.eu/goodpractice/caregivers-older-people-situation-dependence-act-and-evaluation-programs -carers. También se obtuvo (2012) el reconocimiento de "buena práctica" desde la Fundación Pilares, http://www .fundacionpilares.org/modeloyambienteprisma

El objetivo de la investigación es conocer, a través del análisis de discurso de las entrevistas a 16 responsables de entidades de y/o para personas mayores, la visión general que manifiestan sobre el envejecimiento activo y vejez: en qué consiste, cómo lo perciben desde sus organizaciones, su experiencia y actitudes al respecto, etc. y si estos aspectos incorporan una perspectiva de género. Se pretende profundizar en la vinculación existente entre la vejez y el proceso de envejecer desde un enfoque de género y, en algunos casos, su visión del feminismo. El prisma de género resulta fundamental para analizar el envejecimiento, ya que aún hoy, no es lo mismo envejecer siendo hombre o mujer. En los resultados iniciales, parece que el feminismo/s (e incluso el constructo género o vejez) solo forma parte del discurso de algunas entrevistadas que muestran un perfil muy concreto. Esta ausencia puede interpretarse como indicador de que la perspectiva de género (y/o feminismo) aplicada al envejecimiento activo y a la vejez, aún no ha calado de manera clara en las organizaciones sociales más implicadas en las personas mayores. The objective of the research is to know, through the interviews’ discourse analysis in-depth with 16 responsible for older people entities, the general vision of active ageing and old age: What it consists of, how they perceive it from their organisations, their experience and attitudes in this respect, etc. and if this vision incorporates a gender perspective. The aim is to investigate the link between old age and ageing process from a gender view and, in some cases, its vision of feminism. The gender perspective is fundamental in analysing ageing, since even today; it is not the same to age as a man or a woman. In the results, the feminism/s (and even the gender or old age construct) is only a part of the discourse of some interviewees who have a very specific profile. This absence can be interpreted as an indicator that the gender view (and/or feminism) applied to active ageing and old age has not yet been clearly in the social organisations most involved in older people.

El consumo intensivo de alcohol (CIA) en universitarios tiene importantes implicaciones clínicas y sociales que motivan la necesidad de indagar sobre los factores que favorecen su aparición y consolidación. Concretamente, este estudio evalúa el papel de la impulsividad y las expectativas asociadas al consumo, así como la posible mediación de las expectativas en la relación entre impulsividad y CIA. 303 estudiantes de primer curso de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid que realizan CIA cumplimentaron un autoregistro de consumo, una escala de expectativas asociadas a esta ingesta (IECI, 2012) y la escala BIS-11 de impulsividad. En todos los casos, tanto varones como mujeres, duplican los gramos de alcohol que definen un CIA, así como la frecuencia de realización de esta conducta a partir de la cual se incrementa la probabilidad de aparición de consecuencias negativas. No se encuentran diferencias entre varones y mujeres en las expectativas asociadas al CIA, ni en la impulsividad total. Los análisis de regresión de orden jerárquico muestran que las expectativas no moderan la relación entre impulsividad y consumo. Las dos variables influyen de manera independiente en el consumo (gramos de alcohol ingeridos y frecuencia de realización de la ingesta), siendo mayor el peso de las expectativas en ambos sexos, pero resultando significativo el aporte de la impulsividad sólo entre los varones. Esto justifica la necesidad de planificar intervenciones que contemplen la modificación de estas expectativas, incluyendo en el caso de los varones aspectos relacionados con la impulsividad Alcohol intensive consumption (AIC) in university students has important clinical and social implications that motivate the need to look into the factors that favor its apparition and consolidation. More concretely, this study assesses the role of impulsivity and the associated expectations about consumption, as well as the possible mediation of expectations in the relationship between impulsivity and AIC. Three hundred and three students in the first year at the University Complutense of Madrid that carry out AIC kept a self-record of their consumption, a scale of expectations associated to the ingestion (IECI, 2012), and the BIS-11 scale of impulsiveness. In all cases, both men and women, doubles the grams of alcohol that define an AIC, as well as the frequency in the execution of this behaviour, which increases the probability that these negative consequences come about. No differences were found between men¿s and women¿s expectations associated to AIC, nor in their total impulsivity scores. The hierarchy regression analysis shows that expectations do not moderate the relationship between impulsivity and consumption. Both variables influence the independent mode of consumption (grams of ingested alcohol and frequency of ingestion), with a higher weight on expectations from both, men and women, but being significant the input of impulsivity only among males. This justifies the need to plan interventions that address the modification of these expectations, including, in the case of males, the aspects related to impulsivity These results are a part of the research on drug-dependencies SPI/3462/2010 financed by the Ministry of Health and Social Politics and led by Dr. Fernando Cadaveira SI

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/), Ageism promotes the exclusion of older people from society by generating a negative image that they also internalize. The aim of this article is to investigate older people’s social self-image, through statements broadcast on a national Spanish radio program aimed at this group. A qualitative analysis was conducted for a random sample from the sound archive for the Radio Nacional de España program Juntos Paso a Paso (Together, Step by Step) (2008–2021), using codes based on the pillars and determinants of active ageing and the three dimensions of ageism. Intercoder agreement was calculated. There were significant findings regarding ageism, gendered ageism and ageing in place, with differences according to size of municipal area. The program in question can be considered a viable secondary source for the research aim. Ageism is most commonly manifested through implicit opinions and invisibilization in family and social contexts. Care activities play a notably central role in responses related to gendered ageism. In relation to ageing in place, older people prefer their habitual environment when they have moderate care needs and accept moves to nursing homes when their needs increase., R&D Activities Program ENCAGEn-CM: “Active Ageing, Quality of Life and Gender. Promoting a positive image of old age and ageing, against the ageism” (Ref. H2019/HUM-5698. Funded by Ministry of Science, Universities, and Innovation, Program of R&D Activities between research groups of the Madrid Region, and co-financed by the European Social Fund. encage-cm.csic.es

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), This paper investigates positive perceptions of ageing in rural people aged 65 and over as a key predictor of the self-assessment of one’s health. Method: The sample covers a total of 3389 people from the ‘Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement’ (SHARE), wave 6 (W6, 2015). This research analyses men and women who live in a rural environment. A linear regression model is proposed to consider the dependent variable ‘self-rated health’ and independent variables based on measures of quality of life in older adults. This study confirms that rural women perceive their health on the basis of factors different to those of their male contemporaries. The variable ‘How often do you feel/think that you can do the things that you want to do?’ is associated with women’s self-perceived health. In men, a high relationship (with p < 0.001) is obtained for the variables ‘How often do you feel/think look back on your life with a sense of happiness?’ and ‘How often do you feel/think that family responsibilities prevent you from doing what you want to do?’ Certain daily activities (e.g., leisure or care), along with a positive perception of life, influence one’s perceptions of one’s own health, especially in the case of women. In sum, rural older women make a positive evaluation of their own health and ageing, while rural older men relate self-rated health to passivity and reminiscing. There is a need for further research on psycho-social and socio-spatial issues from an intergenerational, technological and gender perspective for rural and territorial influences to attain better health and quality of life for rural older people in comparison to urban people., This work is part of the ‘Quality of life and Ageing in Spain, Sweden and Portugal’. The QASP research project is funded by the Institute of Health Carlos III, Intramural Strategical Action in Health AESI 2018, Ref: PI18CIII/00046, PR: MR Forjaz. https://qaspresearch.wixsite.com/blog (accessed on 20 November 2021). We appreciate the support of the ‘Active Aging, Quality of Life and Gender. Promoting a positive image of old age and aging combating ageism’ Program—ENCAGEn cm R&D Activities Program. Ref. H2019/HUM-5698. Funded by Programs of R&D in Community of Madrid Social Sciences and Humanities, co-financed with the European Social Fund.PR: G. Fernández-Mayoralas, C Rodriguez-Blazquez, D. Zamarrón, M.S. Agulló-Tomás, M.A. Molina. https://encage-cm.es/ (accessed on 20 November 2021）