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The study and analysis of the self-efficacy beliefs of students has become an important line of educational research. The purpose of this study, conducted at Mondragon University (Spain), is to explore the different perceptions concerning the creative and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students on their entrance to university. Results revealed clear patterns with regards to discipline and gender. Students commencing their degrees in social sciences show lower creative and entrepreneurial self-efficacy perceptions than their peers in other disciplines. Women show lower scores than men across different disciplines with the exception of women commencing engineering studies. Self-efficacy has been related to student motivation and learning and has been found influential in the choice of the professional career. The high significance of this construct in education makes the results of this study have clear implications for the development of learning environments that address the differences found between gender and disciplines. Directions for future research are also indicated.

Kirolean oinarritutako eskoletako kanpo-espazioetan, mutilak neskak baino gehiago jolasten dira. Bestalde, taldean jolasteak dakar garapen kognitiboa hobea. Egoera gainditzeko, iradokitzen da diseinuetan berrikuntzak egitea, besteak beste, jolaserako aukera zabalagoak eta naturarekiko kontaktu estuagoa baimenduz. Boys play more than girls in sport-based designed outdoor spaces. However, group play is related to better cognitive development. Therefore, outdoor spaces should be improved in a way that they offer more play opportunities and contact with nature.