483 results on '"Gaz"'
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2. Importance of Fossil Fuels in Finland's Energy Mix.
- Author
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OLKUSKI, Tadeusz and ZUBIEŃ, Partrycja
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RENEWABLE energy sources ,RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,ENERGY development ,POWER resources ,CARBON emissions ,NUCLEAR energy - Abstract
Copyright of Inzynieria Mineralna is the property of Polskie Towarzystwo Przerobki Kopalin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. Vitreoretinal Cerrahide Kullanılan Hava ve Gaz Tamponada Bağlı Komplikasyonlar.
- Author
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DÜLGER, Selda ÇELİK and TEKE, Mehmet Yasin
- Abstract
Copyright of Current Retina Journal / Güncel Retina Dergisi is the property of Anadolu Kitabevi Basim Yayim Medikal Turizm Kirtasiye Tic. Ltd. Sti. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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4. Israël, Territoires palestiniens : quels scénarios géopolitiques possibles? Entre guerre et utopie.
- Author
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DUMONT, Gérard-François
- Abstract
Copyright of Analyses de Population & Avenir is the property of Population & Avenir and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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5. Design of Continuous Water Heater Hybrid Solar And Gas System.
- Author
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SUWASTI, Sri and DJALAL, Muhammad Ruswandi
- Subjects
SOLAR water heaters ,SOLAR system ,LIQUEFIED petroleum gas ,HYBRID systems ,HYBRID solar cells ,PETROLEUM reserves ,HYDRONICS - Abstract
Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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6. Cevher Hazırlama Tesislerinden Çıkan Atıklar ve Yönetimi.
- Author
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HACIFAZLIOĞLU, Hasan and ŞAHİN, Hilal
- Abstract
Ore preparation facilities are complex facilities and various wastes in the form of solid, liquid and gas can come out of these facilities. Generally, various chemicals can be found in the wastes that pass through the aqueous processes. According to the type of enrichment method used in the process, the contents of the wastes also change. While some wastes consist entirely of harmless natural stones, some wastes may contain harmful chemicals such as cyanide, sulfur, fatty acid, alcohol and caustic. In such cases, the treatment of waste also differs. A different waste disposal method should be followed for each mine type. In this study, the wastes from the ore preparation facilities, which are also under control with legal sanctions, and the management of wastes are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. "The whole world is becoming more like Russia." A conversation on deglobalization in the wake of the war in Ukraine.
- Author
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Kagarlitsky, Boris, Puder, Janina, and Schmalz, Stefan
- Subjects
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- ,ECONOMICS of war ,PRICES ,GLOBAL Financial Crisis, 2008-2009 ,INTERNATIONAL sanctions ,CONVERSATION - Abstract
Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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8. CONSIDERATIONS ON SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF COAL BED METHANE RESOURCES.
- Author
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ILIAȘ, Nicolae, RADU, Sorin Mihai, OFFENBERG, Iulian, and ANDRAȘ, Iosif
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COALBED methane ,COAL mining ,NATURAL resources ,ENERGY consumption ,ENERGY policy - Abstract
Copyright of EMERG: Energy. Environment. Efficiency. Resources. Globalization is the property of Romanian National Committee of World Energy Council and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
9. La guerre Iran-Irak (1980-1988) à la télévision française
- Author
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Agnès Devictor
- Subjects
Islam ,Television ,First World War ,Iran-Iraq War ,Karbalâ ,Gaz ,History of Africa ,DT1-3415 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
How did the French Television cover the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)? What imaginary did the TV journalists refer to? Why and how has the political, economic and social context in France also interfered in reading the conflict? Based on a systematic study of the eight years of this War as shown by French TV, this article aims to analyze the shifts that have taken place, ranging from a presentation of a conventional and distant war, with its parallel with the First World War and for then, leading to the appearance of a great fear of Islam. It also aims to complete studies on the crystallization of representations of an "Islamic threat" in France in the 1980s.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. OBCHODNÍ TOKY S ENERGETICKÝMI ZDROJI Z POHLEDU RUSKA A VZTAH K EU.
- Author
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Vošta, Milan
- Subjects
FOSSIL fuels ,POWER resources ,FUEL industry ,GEOPOLITICS ,GEOGRAPHICAL positions ,CONTINENTS - Abstract
Russia's geographical position is closely linked to its geopolitics, and geographical assumptions are historical determinants in the development of both society and territory. Specific assumptions are mainly the natural conditions, which applied to the location of the economy, but which also affected its mutual relations with other states. The role of natural determinism as well as Russia's position as a power controlling a crucial part of the Eurasian continent is discussed in many studies. The presented study nanalyzed the importance of primary energy sources in the interdependence of the links between Russia and the European Union; with an emphasis on the energy factor in the influence it exerts on policy, as well as the interdependence of both entities. This questions were examined by analyzing the current situation of the unchanging territorial structure of the Russian export and European import flows of fossil fuels. The current transport structure of Russian fuel and trade flows of primary energy resources from Russia to the European Union were also analyzed. The synthesis of the acquired knowledge shows the necessity for the further development of mutual relations. It also showed the need for diversification of energy of both geographical segments which were examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Argentina, energías gasífera y renovables Una transición híbrida para la eficiencia y la inclusión.
- Author
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CECILIA CARRIZO, SILVINA and FORGET, MARIE
- Abstract
Copyright of Caravelle: Cahiers du Monde Hispanique et Luso-Bresilien is the property of Presses Universitaires du Mirail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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12. ELEMENTS CONSTITUENT FOR THE DESIGN OF A RISER SYSTEM IN AREAS DEEP WATER AND EXTREME DEEP WATER APPLIED FOR OFFSHORE DRILLING.
- Author
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STAN, Marius, TUDORACHE, Valentin Paul, AVRAM, Lazăr, AL NABOULSI, Mohamed Iyad, TĂNASĂ, Claudiu, and ALECU, Georgeta
- Subjects
RISER pipe ,OFFSHORE oil well drilling ,WATER depth ,PETROLEUM transportation ,TEMPERATURE measurements ,HYDROCARBONS - Abstract
Copyright of EMERG: Energy. Environment. Efficiency. Resources. Globalization is the property of Romanian National Committee of World Energy Council and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
13. Energy Strategies
- Author
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Muzaffer Ertürk
- Subjects
enerji ,kaya gazı ,solar enerji ,petrol ,gaz ,energy ,shale gas ,solar energy ,oil ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 ,Political science - Abstract
Energy is a life-sustaining global commodity having the quality of bringing prosperity. There is a strong mutual affinity between the availability of energy supplies and opportunities for growth, innovation, and increasing prosperity. In the last decade, the biggest change in energy was how and where hydrocarbons were removed from the earth in the lead of The United States. For instance hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking,” which allows natural gas to be collected from shale rock formations indicate that, the next decade will be about how energy already removed from the earth is moved across it while the last decade was about the energy buried in the earth and how to get it out. Recent advances show that the shale gas and solar energy promise as alternative energy sources for future. In that article, we aim to requestion energy strategies based on the future economic and geopolitical effects.
- Published
- 2018
14. Dynamic nuclear polarization.
- Author
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Goldman, Maurice
- Subjects
- *
POLARIZATION (Nuclear physics) , *CONDENSED matter , *NUCLEAR spin , *NOBLE gases , *MAGNETIC fields , *OPTICAL pumping - Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization, or DNP, refers to the increase of the polarization of nuclear spins in condensed matter, liquid or solid, coupled with electronic spins at low relative concentration, by inducing radio or microwave transitions at frequencies close to the electronic resonance frequency in the external magnetic field. Another described method relies on indirect optical pumping methods at temperatures close to room temperature for the nuclear polarization of rare gases. The various mechanisms of DNP are described in physical terms. This is followed by a succinct description of its main applications in various domains of physics, in chemistry and in medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The Current Situation and the Future of the Oil and Gas Sector in Uzbekistan.
- Author
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IBRAHIMOV, Rovshan
- Subjects
ENERGY futures ,GAS industry ,ENERGY development - Abstract
Copyright of Bilge Strateji is the property of BILGESAM and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
16. The Contamination of 'Gaz' to Aflatoxin Residue in Isfahan City, Iran
- Author
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Samira Dehghani, Masoud Sami, and Maryam Mirlohi
- Subjects
Gaz ,Aflatoxin ,Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Aflatoxins are toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites usually produced by certain strains of the fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and rarely Aspergillus nomius. In appropriate temperature and humidity, these fungi are able to contaminate agricultural commodities and then produce aflatoxins. This study aimed to determine the total aflatoxin level in “Gaz” produced in Isfahan city, Iran. Methods: 40 Gaz samples containing 28% and 40% pistachio nuts were prepared from production units in Isfahan city and the total aflatoxin level was evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Findings: 39 samples (97.5%) were contaminated with the mean aflatoxin level of 4.11 ± 3.55 ng/g. The total aflatoxin level in 40 samples was between non-detected and 13.97 ng/g. The mean aflatoxin level was 3.53 ± 2.49 and 4.70 ± 4.40 ng/g in samples containing 28% and 40% pistachio, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.82). The mean aflatoxin level was found to be lower than the maximum tolerance limit (15 ng/g) determined by the Iranian National Standards Organization but in 4 samples (10% of samples) higher than the maximum tolerance limit (10 ng/g) accepted by the European countries. Conclusion: According to the Gaz economic importance, especially exporting to the world markets, as well as dangers of aflatoxin for human health and considering it as one of the most important health indicators, definitely an extra effort is needed to warranty the hygiene and safety of this product. In addition, national standard should be promoted to the level of developed countries.
- Published
- 2016
17. Nordon gazlar yutuvchi triazin turkumidagi yutgichlarning fizik-kimyoviy xossalarini tadqiq qilish
- Author
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Samariddin Muhiddin oʻgʻli Umurzoqov and Ravshan Irkinovich Adilov
- Subjects
kimyoviy ishlov berish ,kislotali gazlar ,Science (General) ,nordon gazlar ,Education (General) ,neft ,triazin 5 ,havoni nordon gazlardan tozalash ,Q1-390 ,gaz ,quvurlar eskirishi muammosi ,L7-991 ,zaharli taʼsir ,nordan gazlar yutilishi ,triazin fizik kimyoviy xususiyatlari - Abstract
Ushbu maqolada gaz qazib olish va uni qayta ishlash jarayoni, undan ajraluvchi nordon tabiiy gazlar va gaz tarkibidagi CO2 va H2S ni tozalashda triazinni qoʻllash, triazin turkumiga mansub triazin 2, triazin 3, triazin 1 ni fizik kimyoviy xususiyatlarini tadqiq qilish yoʻli orqali neft gaz ishlab chiqarishda ekologik zararni kamaytirish, nordon gazlar tasirida gaz uzatuv texnikalarida yuzaga keluvchi nosozliklarni oldini olish, ishlab chiqarish xarajatlarini kamaytirish maqsadida gazni qayta ishlash jarayoniga tegishli texnikalarni uzoq muddatga xizmat qilishini taʼminlash, gazni qayta ishlash jarayonida kislotali gazlardan tozalovchilar uchun sarflanadigan sarf xarajatlarni kamaytirish yoʻllari boʻyicha sharhlar va tadqiqot natijalari bilan tanishish mumkin.
- Published
- 2021
18. Atomes et rayonnement
- Author
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Jean Dalibard, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Lhomond)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Collège de France - Chaire Atomes et rayonnement, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
supraconducteurs topologiques ,Environmental Engineering ,atomes froids ,DALIBARD Jean ,points de Dirac ,condensats atomiques spinoriels ,Texte intégral (accès ouvert) ,oscillations de Bloch ,gaz ,[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph] ,traité ,potentiel dipolaire ,atome froid ,topologie ,2HAL ,gaz quantiques à deux dimensions ,superfluidité ,champs magnétiques artificiels ,interaction matière rayonnement ,gaz froids ,physique statistique ,liaisons fortes ,atome ,gaz quantiques ,vortex ,physique quantique ,rayonnement ,matière quantique ,temps ,Chaires ,réseaux optiques ,atomes ,matière ,Document sous DOI (Digital Object Identifier) ,web-atomes-rayonnement ,polaritons - Abstract
International audience; Enseignement Cours : Une brève histoire des atomes froids Peut-on contrôler l’équilibre thermodynamique d’un échantillon de matière en utilisant de la lumière aux caractéristiques bien choisies ? Depuis les articles fondateurs d’Einstein et de Kastler, cette question a accompagné le développement de la physique atomique et de l’optique quantique. À partir des années 1970, le développement des sources laser accordables est venu lui donner un nouvel éclairage, avec notamment les propositions...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Süt sığırı barınaklarından kaynaklanan kirletici gaz dağılımlarının modellenmesi.
- Author
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Kılıç, İlker and Demirarslan, Onur Kazım
- Subjects
- *
DAIRY cattle , *CATTLE housing , *PARTICULATE matter , *LIVESTOCK farms , *RURAL geography - Abstract
The increased number of modern livestock farming increase pollutant gas and particulate matter emissions and expanding of residential area against rural area cause to be more sensitive to these gas and particulate matter emissions from animal operations. In this study, pollutant gas dispersions from three dairy cattle barns operated in Bursa region were modelled using hourly outdoor environmental and topographic conditions. To develop dispersion models and describe dispersion problem as a quantity, pollutant gas emissions from dairy cattle operations and CALPUFF VIEW 5.8 modelling software were used. It was determined that estimated pollutant gas concentrations in five receptor points (A-E) in surrounding environment were significant levels. Furthermore pollutant gas emissions from dairy cattle barns can reach a remarkable values in an area with 2000 m diameter in surrounding environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. La guerre Iran-Irak (1980-1988) à la télévision française: De la présentation d'une guerre lointaine à la construction d'un islam menaçant la France.
- Author
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Devictor, Agnès
- Abstract
Copyright of Revue du Monde Musulman et de la Méditerrannée is the property of Edisud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. ISTRAŽIVANJA NA RTU SOLINE U PRIVLACI KOD ZADRA.
- Author
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ŠUĆUR, Jure and MUSTAĆ, Mate
- Subjects
PALEONTOLOGICAL excavations ,TOPONYMY ,GEOGRAPHY - Abstract
Copyright of Radovi Zavod za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zaru is the property of Zavod za Povijesne Znanosti HAZU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Substantiation into Mass and Heat Balance for Underground Coal Gasification in Faulting Zones.
- Author
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LOZYNSKYI, Vasyl, SAIK, Pavlo, PETLOVANYI, Mykhailo, SAI, Kateryna, MALANCHUK, Zinovii, and MALANCHUK, Yevhenii
- Subjects
COAL gasification ,COAL basins ,GEODYNAMICS ,COAL reserves ,CHEMICALS - Abstract
Copyright of Inzynieria Mineralna is the property of Polskie Towarzystwo Przerobki Kopalin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Gazni tayyorlash jarayonida ishlatiladigan past haroratli separator
- Author
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Z.N. Akramova and O.B. Axmedova
- Subjects
vertikal separator ,Q1-390 ,gaz ,Science (General) ,gorizontal separator ,og‘ir uglevodorod ,gaz kondensat ,Education (General) ,kollektor ,neft ,ajratgich -separator ,L7-991 ,gidrat - Abstract
Gazni tayyorlash jarayonida ishlatiladigan past haroratli separatorning afzalliklari, xomashyo tarkibiga ko‘ra tanlanadigan separatorlar, ularning ishlash prinsipi, afzalliklari taqqоslangan.
- Published
- 2021
24. Gaz dizelda ishlovchi dvigatellarini sovitish tizimi
- Author
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A. Abduraxmonov, D. Tursunov, and G’. Jaloliddinov
- Subjects
Q1-390 ,gaz ,Science (General) ,dizel ,issiqlik ,ish takti ,Education (General) ,L7-991 ,dvigatel - Abstract
Ish yo’li taktida, to’g’ridan-to’g’ri yuqori haroratga ega gazlar ta’sirida bo’lgan detallar (silindrlar, silindrlar kallagi, porshenlar, klapanlar) haddan tashqari qiziydi. Yonilg’ining silindrda yonishidan ajralgan issiqlikning 20=25%i dvigatel detallarining qizishiga sarflanadi. Agarda detallardan issiqlik tashqi muhitga tarqatilmasa, ya’ni dvigatel sovitilmasa, unda harakatdagi detallarning ishqalanuvchi yuzalari orasidagi moy kuyib, ishqalanishni haddan tashqari orttirib yuboradi. Ayniqsa, aluminiyli qotishmadan ishlangan porshenning qizishi va kengayishi oqibatida, uning silindr ichida qadalib qolishi xavfi ham tug’iladi. Qiziganda, dvigatel to’la quvvat hosil qila olmaydi, yonilg’i sarfi ortadi, detallari esa yetarli darajada moylanmaganligi sababli tez yeyiladi. Shu sababli dvigatelning qizigan detallaridan issiqlikni uzluksiz ravishda tashqi muhitga tarqatib turish lozim. Lekin dvigatel haddan tashqari sovitib yuborilsa ham issiqlik energiyasi bekorga sarf bo’ladi, moy quyuqlashib, ishqalanishga sarflanadigan quvvat ortadi. Undan tashqari yonuvchi aralashma to‘liq bug’lanm aydi, qisman bug’langanlari esa silindrning sovuq devorlariga urilib, yonilg’i tomchisiga aylanadi va devordagi moyni yuvib tushirib, karterdagi moyni suyultiradi. Natijada silindr-porshen guruhiga kiruvchi detallarning yoyilishi ortadi.
- Published
- 2021
25. Gaz bilan ishlaydigan avtomobillarning ta’minlash tizimi
- Author
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Sultonali Hoshimjon o’g’li Fozilov, Abduqaxxor Isaqovich Mamatov, Ne’matillo Ubaydullo o’g’li Karimov, and B. Siddiqov
- Subjects
Q1-390 ,gaz ,Science (General) ,dizel ,gazsimon yonilg’i ,Education (General) ,L7-991 ,jihoz ,dvigatel ,gazballon - Abstract
Gaz bilan ishlaydigan dvigatellar zamonaviy shahar transport vositalarida keng qo’llanilmoqda. Bunda siqilgan yoki suyultirilgan holatdagi tabiiy, sanoat va sintetik gazlardan foydalaniladi. Siqilgan va suyultirilgan gazlar maxsus ballonlarda saqlanadi, shuning uchun ham transport vositalarini gaz ballonli deyiladi.
- Published
- 2021
26. War of the Factories
- Author
-
Link, Stefan J., author
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Energy diplomacy of Kazakhstan on the Caspian Sea
- Author
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Abilkash, Akbope, İşyar, Ömer Göksel, and Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü/Uluslararası İlişkiler Ana Bilim Dalı/Uluslararası İlişkiler Bilim Dalı.
- Subjects
Hazar denizi ,Energy ,Gaz ,Gas ,Caspian sea ,Petrol ,Enerji ,Oil ,Kazakhstan ,Kazakistan - Abstract
Hazar bölgesi belirli bir coğrafi peyzaj alanına ve büyük maden rezervlerine sahip eşsiz bir su kütlesidir. SSCB'nin çöküşünden sonra denize erişimi olan ülke sayısının ikiden (SSCB ve İran) beşe (Rusya, İran, Kazakistan, Azerbaycan ve Türkmenistan) çıkmasıyla birlikte, Hazar'ın uluslararası hukuki statüsüne dair daha önceki anlaşmalar (Rusya Sosyalist Cumhuriyeti ile İran arasında 1921 ve SSCB ile İran arasında 1940) yeni devletler tarafından sorgulanmaya başlanmıştır. Hazar'ın hukuki statüsünün belirlenmesine ilişkin Hazar devletleri arasındaki anlaşmazlık, bu sorunun çözümüne engel olan birçok nedene dayanmaktadır. Çalışmada Hazar bölgesinin en son hukuki statüsünün pekiştirilmiş olduğu 20. yüzyıldaki tarihi arka planı ve 1991'den sonra ortaya çıkan yeni siyasi durumu incelenmektedir. Çalışmamızın temel konusu olan Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti'nin, ulusal çıkar, komşularla ve dünya güçleriyle iyi ilişkiler, denge ve çok yönlü politika ilkelerine dayalı dış politikası bağlamında, 1991'den itibaren Hazar bölgesi konusunda yürüttüğü diplomasi, aldığı siyasi kararlar, hukuki düzenlemelerin araştırılması neticesinde Kazakistan'ın ekonomi politikası, enerji politikası ve enerji güvenliği politikasının öncelikleri, prensipleri, araçları ve pratikteki sonuçları açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Aynı zamanda genel olarak bölgenin tarihsel arka planı da dikkate alınarak, söz konusu ekonomik ve siyasi çelişkinin temel aktörleri olan beş bölge ülkesinin (Azerbaycan, İran, Kazakistan, Rusya, Türkmenistan) Hazar su kütlesi konusunda uyguladıkları diplomasi ve verdikleri kararlar, giriştikleri iktisadi projelerde yaptıkları işbirlikleri de değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak, Enerji güvenliğinin, Kazakistan devletinin ulusal güvenlik sisteminde önemli bir unsur olduğu, ülke ekonomisinin ağır payını oluşturduğu ve dış politikayı büyük ölçüde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Araştırma konusu, Kazakistan devletinin Hazar denizi enerji politikası olduğundan yola çıkarak, dış politika kavramının temel aktör sayılan devlet (Kazakistan) ile ilişkin olduğundan dolayı realist Uluslararası Ekonomi Politik teori çerçevesinde analiz edilmiştir. The Caspian region is a unique water body with a specific geographical landscape and large mineral reserves. With the increase in the number of countries with access to the sea from two (USSR and Iran) to five (Russia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan) after the collapse of the USSR, previous agreements on the international legal status of the Caspian (between the Russian Socialist Republic and Iran in 1921 and 1940) between the USSR and Iran began to be questioned by the new states. The disagreement between the Caspian states regarding the determination of the legal status of the Caspian is based on many reasons that prevent the solution of this problem. In the study, the historical background of the Caspian region in the 20th century, when the last legal status was consolidated, and the new political situation that emerged after 1991 are examined. In the context of the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is the main subject of our study, based on national interests, good relations with neighbors and world powers, balance and multi-faceted policy principles, as a result of the diplomacy, political decisions and legal regulations it has carried out on the Caspian region since 1991, It has been tried to explain the priorities, principles, tools and practical results of the economic policy, energy policy and energy security policy of Turkey. At the same time, given the historical background of the region as a whole, the diplomacy and decisions taken by the five countries of the region (Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan), which are the main actors of the economic and political conflict under consideration, in the Caspian reservoir, and the cooperation that they did in the economic projects they embarked on were also valued. Finally, it was concluded that energy security is an important element in the national security system of the state of Kazakhstan, it constitutes a heavy share of the country's economy and greatly affects foreign policy. The research subject has been analyzed within the framework of the realist International Political Economy theory since the concept of foreign policy is related to the state (Kazakhstan), which is considered the main actor, starting from the Caspian Sea energy policy of the Kazakhstan state.
- Published
- 2022
28. Quantification des gaz s'évaporant des déversements de HNS en mer par un système de télédétection infrarouge multispectral : SIMAGAZ
- Author
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Foucher, Pierre-Yves, Domel, Roland, Langlois, Stéphane, Déliot, Philippe, Giraud, William, Le Floch, Stéphane, Fachinetti, Raphaël, ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre De Recherches Européennes (CEDRE), Institut de l'Ouest : Droit et Europe (IODE), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de documentation de recherche et d'expérimentations sur les pollutions accidentelles des eaux (Cedre), Cedre, and CEPPOL - Centre d'expertises pratiques de lutte anti-pollution
- Subjects
HNS ,[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] ,gaz ,spill ,multispectral ,infrared ,inbfrarouge ,detection ,gas detection ,gas quantification ,quantification - Abstract
International audience; In May 2021, a measurement campaign was carried out several miles off the west coast of France as part of the preparedness for the response to pollution at sea. This campaign, under the command of the French Navy, involved CEDRE, CEPPOL and ONERA and aimed to test different LWIR systems on board ships or aircraft. During this campaign, various chemicals, legally called HNS for Hazardous Noxiuous Substances (HNS), were released on the sea surface: acetone, butyl acetate, methanol, heptane, xylene and styrene.; En mai 2021, une campagne de mesure a été menée à plusieurs milles au large de la côte ouest de la France dans le cadre de la préparation à la lutte contre la pollution en mer. Cette campagne, sous le commandement de la Marine nationale, a impliqué le CEDRE, le CEPPOL et l'ONERA et visait à tester différents systèmes LWIR à bord de navires ou d'aéronefs. Au cours de cette campagne, divers produits chimiques, légalement appelés HNS pour Hazardous Noxiuous Substances (HNS), ont été rejetés à la surface de la mer : acétone, acétate de butyle, méthanol, heptane, xylène et styrène.
- Published
- 2022
29. Les émissions issues de la transformation mécanique du bois: Couplage innovant pour l’évaluation de l’effet sur les voies respiratoires de la polyexposition aux émissions particulaires et gazeuses issues de la transformation mécanique du bois
- Author
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Ledoux, Frédéric, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), and PNR EST
- Subjects
mélange ,[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health ,composé organique volatil ,exposition multiple ,aldéhyde ,granulométrie ,étude faisabilité ,expostion professionnelle ,cancérogénèse ,ponçage ,lignée cellulaire ,gaz ,sciage ,cancer ,qualité air ,poussière ,transformation bois ,particule atmosphérique ,nez - Abstract
International audience; Les poussières de bois sont classées, depuis 1995, comme cancérogènes avérées (groupe 1) par le CIRC pour les cancers du nasopharynx, des fosses nasales et des sinus de la face. Pour répondre aux préoccupations liées directement à la santé sur les postes de travail, différents instruments de mesure de la concentration en particules et de leur granulométrie existent. Leur utilisation satisfait la norme actuelle sur les poussières de bois , mais ne considère pas l’exposition cumulée aux particules et aux composés volatils émis lors du travail du bois. Améliorer la prise en compte de cette poly-exposition constituait une des actions à mener dans le cadre du 3ème Plan santé au travail (2016-2020).
- Published
- 2022
30. Replacing Sugar by Date Syrup in Gaz and Investigation of Texture Properties
- Author
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Fateme Raiesi Ardali, Zahra Nilchian, Saeid Ahmadi, Mohammad Ali Shariati, and Mina Akbarian
- Subjects
sugar ,date syrup ,Gaz ,Technology ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Date Syrup is a natural sweetener that is suitable replacement for sugar in food stuffs formulation. In this Research Amounts of 25-100 percent of sugar in Gaz formulation were replaced with date syrup and to study effect of its use in product formulation, characteristics of texture, color and sensory analyse of treatments were investigated. Statistical analyse of data was also done by SPSS software and Dankan test. The results of this research showed that amount of used date syrup in formulation had a significant effect on color parameters (L*,a*,b*), texture characteristics and sensory analyse of samples. By increase of date syrup in Gaz formulation, samples texture became softer than control sample and yellowness and redness index of samples were increased Doi: DOI: 10.12777/ijse.6.1.11-15 [How to cite this article: Shafiei, Z., Hojjatoleslami, M., Soha, S., and Shariati, M.A. 2014. The Influence of Malt Extraction Adding to UF Fresh Low Fat Cheese on Its Textural Properties. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 6(1):57-60. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.6.1.11-15
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Commissioner Selection and Deregulation of US Gas Utilities.
- Author
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Hlásny, Vladimír
- Subjects
GAS companies ,PRICE regulation - Abstract
Copyright of Revue d'Economie Politique is the property of Editions Dalloz Sirrey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
32. BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN BURN WOUND PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL IN ACCRA, GHANA.
- Author
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O. A., Forson, E., Ayanka, M., Olu-Taiwo, P. J., Pappoe-Ashong, and P. F., Ayeh-Kumi
- Subjects
- *
BACTERIAL diseases , *TREATMENT for burns & scalds , *BURN patients , *BURNS & scalds complications , *TEACHING hospitals - Abstract
Intact human skin surface is essential for protection against infection, preservation of body fluid homeostasis and thermoregulation. Burn injury compromises the skin barrier and enables bacterial infection, hence delaying burn wound healing. This study aimed to determine the microbial profile of burn wounds, and resistance patterns of microbes with respect to the source of the injured patient's wound. Fifty wound swab samples were collected from fifty burn patients at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra (KBTH). Sterile swabs moistened with sterile saline were used to swab burn wounds. The swabs were plated on blood agar and MacConkey agar for 24 hrs at 37°C. Biochemical tests were carried out on the representative isolate on each plate, and antibacterial sensitivity pattern was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The study revealed that the main source of burns was gas flames (66%) and scalds (28%). Out of the 50 samples analysed, 86% were culture positive and 14% were culture negative for bacteria. The predominant organisms isolated were Pseudomonas sp. (30.2%) and Acinetobacter sp. (20.9%). Proteus mirabillis (2.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2.3%) were the least frequently isolated bacteria. Although Pseudomonas sp. showed varying resistance levels to gentamicin, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin, all the Acinetobacter sp. were resistant to most of the tested antibiotics used. Resistant gram negative bacteria are the most common isolates associated with burn wounds in Accra, Ghana. Hence a careful selection of antibiotics to control the wound infection is required for proper management of burn wounds in order to help reduce morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
33. Argentina, energías gasífera y renovables
- Author
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Carrizo, Silvina Cecilia and Forget, Marie
- Subjects
lcsh:Latin America. Spanish America ,lcsh:French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,lcsh:F1201-3799 ,Argentina ,durabilité ,sostenibilidad ,hybrid energy transition ,sustainability ,renewable energy ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,gaz ,energie renouvelable ,transition énergétique hybride ,energía renovable ,gas ,lcsh:PQ1-3999 ,transición energética híbrida ,Argentine - Abstract
Argentina posee abundantes recursos energéticos gasíferos y renovables. Ante los desafíos sociales y ambientales, el país favorece su explotación. De este modo, expande las redes de gas y eléctricas y apuesta a la producción distribuida. El objetivo del trabajo es poner de manifiesto el carácter multivectorial de la transición energética argentina. La valorización de recursos locales delinea una nueva geografía energética, con especialización regional. Argentina busca así reforzar los servicios energéticos, la inclusión social y la autonomía territorial, abriendo camino a la sostenibilidad. L’Argentine possède d’abondantes ressources énergétiques gazières et renouvelables. Face aux enjeux sociaux et environnementaux, le pays favorise leur exploitation. De cette façon, il étend les réseaux de gaz et d’électricité, et parie sur la production individuelle. L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer le caractère multi-vectoriel de la transition énergétique argentine. La valorisation des ressources locales délimite une nouvelle géographie énergétique entraînant une spécialisation régionale. L’Argentine cherche ainsi à renforcer les services énergétiques, l’inclusion sociale et l’autonomie territoriale, ouvrant la voie à la durabilité. Argentina has abundant gas and renewable energy resources. Challenged with social and environmental questions, the country favors their exploitation. In this way, it extends the gas and electricity networks betting on distributed production. This work aims at showing the multi-vector character of the Argentine energy transition. The valuation of local resources defines a new energy geography leading to regional specialization. Argentine thus seeks to strengthen energy services, social inclusion and territorial autonomy, paving the way for sustainability.
- Published
- 2020
34. Pouvoir d’achat : quelques perspectives rassurantes pour 2022
- Author
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Chassagnon, Virgile, Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble (CREG), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
- Subjects
pouvoir d’achat ,salaires ,chômage ,[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance ,récession ,conjoncture économique ,main d'oeuvre ,consommation ,gaz ,inégalités ,ménages ,pétrole ,inflation ,prix ,Covid-19 ,crises économiques - Abstract
Pour l’année 2021, la hausse des prix en France a ainsi atteint 3,4 % selon Eurostat, soit un taux inférieur à la moyenne de la zone euro, à savoir un peu plus de 5 %. Outre l’énergie, cette inflation s’explique par le redémarrage concomitant des grandes économies mondiales. Cependant, l’on peut déjà constater un début de désengorgement des chaînes de production. Cet embouteillage était en effet dû au fait que tout le monde s’était mis à consommer, des biens industriels notamment, au même moment. Il s’agit là d’un premier indice qui peut nous laisser penser, même s’il faut être prudent, que les prix, qui continuent d’augmenter en janvier 2022, pourraient se stabiliser en cours d’année, voire même baisser quelque peu en fin d’année.
- Published
- 2022
35. En graphiques:comprendre la précarité énergétique en France
- Author
-
Sébert, A. (Adèle), Université de Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, and Centre Lillois d'Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques (CLERSE) - UMR 8019
- Subjects
environnement ,énergie ,précarité énergétique ,prix ,data visualisation ,essence ,gaz - Published
- 2022
36. La Russie et les exportations de matières premières
- Author
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Perović, Jeronim
- Subjects
gaz ,Russie ,pétrole - Abstract
L’invasion de l’Ukraine par la Russie a d’immenses conséquences pour le système énergétique mondial, mais aussi pour la Russie elle-même. Les sanctions et la réduction des livraisons de gaz russe à l’Europe ont déséquilibré le rapport entre l’offre et la demande sur le marché des énergies fossiles. Ces évolutions menacent le statut de la Russie comme puissance mondiale exportatrice de matières premières., Politique de sécurité: analyses du CSS, 316, ISSN:2296-0228
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Les émissions issues de la transformation mécanique du bois
- Author
-
Ledoux, Frédéric and Ruaux, Nathalie
- Subjects
mélange ,composé organique volatil ,exposition multiple ,aldéhyde ,granulométrie ,étude faisabilité ,expostion professionnelle ,cancérogénèse ,ponçage ,lignée cellulaire ,gaz ,sciage ,cancer ,[SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health ,qualité air ,poussière ,transformation bois ,particule atmosphérique ,nez - Abstract
Les poussières de bois sont classées, depuis 1995, comme cancérogènes avérées (groupe 1) par le CIRC pour les cancers du nasopharynx, des fosses nasales et des sinus de la face. Pour répondre aux préoccupations liées directement à la santé sur les postes de travail, différents instruments de mesure de la concentration en particules et de leur granulométrie existent. Leur utilisation satisfait la norme actuelle sur les poussières de bois , mais ne considère pas l’exposition cumulée aux particules et aux composés volatils émis lors du travail du bois. Améliorer la prise en compte de cette poly-exposition constituait une des actions à mener dans le cadre du 3ème Plan santé au travail (2016-2020).
- Published
- 2022
38. Optimisation du raccordement de projet Biométhanes au réseau gazier Français
- Author
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Chereau, Thomas, Magnien, Jules, Orhan, Alexandre, François, Germain, and Sciencesconf.org, CCSD
- Subjects
[MATH.MATH-CO] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO] ,gaz ,[INFO.INFO-RO] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO] ,optimisation ,biométhane ,Recherche opérationnelle ,réseau - Abstract
Optimisation du raccordement de projet Biométhanes au réseau gazier Français
- Published
- 2022
39. Dermatokozmetolojide Fraksiyonel Lazer Kullanımı.
- Author
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KARACA, Nezih
- Abstract
Introduction: Fractional laser technology is a new emerging technology to improve scars, fine lines, dyspigmentation, striae and wrinkles. The technique is easy, safe to use and has been used effectively for several clinical and cosmetic indications in every skin type. Devices: Different fractional laser machines, with different wavelengths, both ablative and non-ablative, are now available in Turkey. A detailed understanding of the device and wavelenght being used is recommended. Indications: Common indications include resurfacing for acne, chickenpox and surgical scars, periorbital and perioral wrinkles, photoageing changes, facial dyschromias. The use of fractional lasers in stretch marks, melasma and other pigmentary conditions, dermatological conditions such as granuloma annulare has been reported. Laser parameters: There are different machines based on different technologies available. Choice parameters depend on the type of machine, location and type of lesion, and skin color. Physician needs to be familiar with these requirements before using the machine. Anesthesia: Fractional laser treatment can be carried out under topical anesthesia with mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine. Some machines can be used without any anesthesia or only with topical cooling or cryospray. But for maximal patient comfort, a topical anesthetic prior to the procedure is recommended. Postoperative care: Proper postoperative care is important in avoiding complications. Post-treatment edema and redness settle in a few hours to a few days. A sunscreen is mandatory, and emollients may be prescribed for the dryness and peeling that could occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
40. Plateforme microfluidique digitale pour échantillons gazeux
- Author
-
Enel, Antoine, Chimie-Biologie-Innovation (UMR 8231) (CBI), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres, and Didier Thiebaut
- Subjects
Miniaturization ,Digital microfluidics ,Gaz ,Gas ,[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry ,Microfluidique digitale ,Gas samples preparation and analysis ,Micropreconcentrator ,Préparation et analyse d’échantillons gazeux ,Miniaturisation ,Micropréconcentrateur - Abstract
Microfluidics is the manipulation of fluids in channels of micrometer or submillimeter size. One branch of microfluidics has developed particularly in recent years, digital microfluidics, which consists in the use of simple, synchronized and programmable operations to perform more complex operations on microfluidic objects. In liquid microfluidics, the manipulated objects are usually drops formed with two immiscible fluids.Four main elementary operations are used: moving the samples, immobilizing them, mixing them and separating them. These basic operations can then be combined to perform more complex operations, such as sample analysis or processing. More original operations are also possible, such as the realization of logic gates with microfluidic cards.All the advances in digital microfluidics have been achieved by using liquid microfluidic objects dispersed in a liquid phase. Previously, work with drops has been mentioned, but work with bubbles has also been published. To our knowledge, no work has been done on the manipulation of gaseous samples in a gaseous phase.The aim of this thesis is to develop a digital microfluidic platform for the manipulation of gaseous samples dispersed in continuous gaseous phases.For this purpose, silicon microcomponents have been developed in the laboratory: the micropreconcentrators. These components include a cavity filled with an adsorbent able to trap chemical compounds when cold and to release them when hot. A heating resistor engraved on the back of the concentrator allows to control its temperature.These micro-preconcentrators can be assembled in a fluidic circuit, adding pumps to create gas flows, valves to control and direct the flows, and thermal conductivity micro-sensors developed in the laboratory.With this setup, the four basic operations of digital microfluidics could be demonstrated. A more complex operation could be performed: the measurement of the piercing volume of several linear alkanes on Tenax TA, the adsorbent used in the concentrators. The results have been published in Lab on Chip1.Other more complex operations are being studied: sample separation, which is currently difficult to perform and to model, the possibility of performing chemical reactions in the gas phase (esterification) or digital preconcentration. The latter, more advanced, is based on the use of several preconcentrators for the detection of trace volatile compounds in a sample: in a first step the compound is captured and concentrated on a first preconcentrator with a flow lower than the piercing volume, and then transferred punctually, in a second step, to a second preconcentrator placed on another fluidic path; this second preconcentrator is thus not swept by the sampling flow and the volume of gas implemented in this second step is much lower than that needed for the first one. By repeating the sampling and transfer steps, it is then possible to greatly increase the preconcentration factor of this setup without risking the breakthrough of the compound. This operation has the advantage of not having to worry about the volume of the sample: the first concentrator only needs to trap the sample, even if it is not very efficient, to be able to increase the concentration factor by repeating the operations. This allows the detection of highly volatile compounds that would not be detected in a single preconcentration step.; La microfluidique consiste en la manipulation de fluides dans des canaux de taille micrométrique ou submillimétrique. Une branche de la microfluidique s’est particulièrement développée ces dernières années, la microfluidique digitale, qui consiste en l’utilisation d’opérations simples, synchronisées et programmables pour réaliser des opérations plus complexes sur des objets microfluidiques. En microfluidique liquide, les objets manipulés sont en général des gouttes formées à l’aide de deux fluides non miscibles.Quatre grandes opérations élémentaires sont employées : déplacer les échantillons, les immobiliser, les mélanger et les séparer. Ces opérations élémentaires peuvent ensuite être combinées pour réaliser des opérations plus complexes, telles que l’analyse d’échantillons ou leur traitement. Des opérations plus originales sont aussi possibles, telles que la réalisation de portes logiques avec des cartes microfluidiques.Toutes les avancées de la microfluidique digitale ont été réalisées en employant des objets microfluidiques liquides dispersés dans une phase liquide. Précédemment, les travaux sur des gouttes ont été évoqués, mais des travaux avec des bulles ont aussi été publiés. A notre connaissance aucun travail n’a concerné la manipulation d’échantillons gazeux dans une phase gazeuse.L’objet de cette thèse est de développer une plateforme microfluidique digitale pour la manipulation des échantillons gazeux dispersés dans des phases continues gazeuses.Pour cela, des microcomposants en silicium ont été développés au laboratoire : les micropréconcentrateurs. Ces composants comportent une cavité remplie par un adsorbant capable de piéger à froid les composés chimiques et de les libérer à chaud. Une résistance chauffante gravée sur la face arrière du concentrateur permet de contrôler sa température.Ces micropréconcentrateurs peuvent être assemblées dans un circuit fluidique, en y ajoutant des pompes pour créer des flux de gaz, des vannes pour contrôler et diriger les flux, et des micro-détecteurs à conductivité thermique développés au laboratoire.A l’aide de ce montage, les quatre opérations élémentaires de la microfluidique digitale ont pu être démontrées. Une opération plus complexe a pu être réalisée : la mesure du volume de perçage de plusieurs alcanes linéaires sur le Tenax TA, l’adsorbant utilisé dans les concentrateurs. Les résultats ont été publiés dans Lab on Chip1.D’autres opérations plus complexes sont en cours d’étude : la séparation d’un échantillon, pour l’instant difficile à réaliser et à modéliser, la possibilité de réaliser des réactions chimiques en ligne en phase gaz (estérification) ou la préconcentration digitale. Cette dernière, plus avancée, repose sur l’utilisation de plusieurs préconcentrateurs pour la détection de composés volatils à l’état de traces dans un échantillon: dans une première étape le composé est capté et concentré sur un premier préconcentrateur avec un flux inférieur au volume de perçage, puis transféré ponctuellement, dans une deuxième étape, vers un deuxième préconcentrateur placé sur un autre chemin fluidique ; ce second préconcentrateur n’est donc pas balayé par le flux de prélèvement et le volume de gaz mis en œuvre dans cette seconde étape est très inférieur à celui qui est nécessaire à la première. En répétant les étapes de prélèvement et de transfert, il est alors possible d’augmenter fortement le facteur de préconcentration de ce montage sans risquer le perçage du composé. Ce fonctionnement a donc l’avantage de s’affranchir du volume de perçage : il suffit que le premier concentrateur arrive à piéger l’échantillon, même peu efficacement, pour pouvoir augmenter le facteur de concentration en répétant les opérations. Ceci permet la détection de composés très volatils qui ne le seraient pas en une seule étape de préconcentration.
- Published
- 2021
41. Le droit à réparation devant la CPI : promesses et incertitudes.
- Author
-
Guillaumé, Jules
- Abstract
Copyright of Politique Étrangère is the property of Institut Francais des Relations Internationales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
42. Сравнительный анализ датчиков газовых извещателей для раннего обнаружения пожара.
- Author
-
Козубовский, В. Р., Мисевич, И. З., and Иванчук, М. М.
- Abstract
Copyright of Safety & Fire Technology / Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza is the property of Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpozarowej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. EKSPANSJA GAZPROMU NA NIEMIECKI RYNEK ENERGETYCZNY W OKRESIE RZĄDÓW ANGELI MERKEL 2005- 2015.
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PASZYN, MACIEJ
- Abstract
The article presents the expansion of the Russian gas potentate, Gazprom, in Germany. Owing to special power relations between Moscow and Berlin, the Kremlin can realize its political and economic goals. Gas trade brings enormous profits to the budget of the Russian Federation, and moreover is an element of regaining influence over Europe by Putin's team. Through presence at the largest gas market in the EU, a company controlled by the Kremlin can be simultaneously present in the EU energy system. Excellent business relations with Germany resulted in Gazprom being the largest contractor of European gas companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
44. Pars Plana Vitrektomi Sonrası Uygulanan Non-Penetran Derin Sklerektomi ve Trabekülektomi Sonuçlarının Değerlendirilmesi.
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GÜVEN, Dilek, KARA, Orhan, DEMİR, Mehmet, ŞENDÜL, Selam Yekta, CAN, Efe, and OLGUN, Ali
- Abstract
Purpose: Evaluation of the clinical characteristics and their effect on prognosis of glaucoma cases which developed following vitrectomy or became uncontrollable by medical therapy and needed surgical procedure is aimed. Materials and Methods: Initial and last visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), additional medical treatment or surgical procedures and latest clinical findings were evaluated in the patients. Results: Eight eyes of 8 patients were involved in this study. Mean patient age was 49.5±17.9 years. Primary diagnosis included retinal detachment with retinal hole/giant retinal tear, vitreous hemorrhage due to diabetic retinopathy and epiretinal membrane formation. Intraocular tamponades used after vitrectomy included silicone oil in 5 eyes, SF6 in 2 eyes and C3F8 in one eye. Glaucoma surgeries included non-penetrating deep sclerectomy(NPDS) in 3 eyes, trabeculectomy in 4 eyes (with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in 3 eyes), trabeculectomy with 5FU and phacoemulsification+intraocular lens implantation in one eye and trabeculectomy in one eye following NPDS. Mean preoperative IOP was 29.83±7.80 mmHg in 6 eyes which underwent trabeculectomy. Mean IOP was 22.5±4.80 mmHg (n=6) at postoperative 1st month and 20.6±5.41 mmHg at last visit. Mean follow-up time was 13±8.6 months. Seven out of 8 patients needed antiglaucomatous medical therapy. Median initial VA was seeing hand movements and last median VA was 15/100. Anatomical success was achieved in all but one. Conclusion: In this case series, glaucoma surgery was found ineffective, and early postoperative antiglaucomatous treatment was needed. Regular and continuous follow-up of these patients is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
45. Exposure of paediatric healthcare personnel to nitrous oxide in paediatric care units
- Author
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Benjamin Riche, Charlotte Pete-Bonneton, Robert Cadot, Amélie Massardier-Pilonchery, Jean Iwaz, Marie-Agnès Denis, Barbara Charbotel, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement (UMRESTTE UMR_T9405), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Gustave Eiffel
- Subjects
Male ,Operating Rooms ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Emergency unit ,Regular checks ,NITROUS OXIDE ,Health Personnel ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Air Pollutants, Occupational ,ANAESTHETICS ,ANAESTHETIC GASES ,MEDECINE ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,PAEDIATRIC NURSING ,Health care ,EXPOSITION AU RISQUE ,Humans ,Medicine ,RISK ASSESSMENT ,Child ,ANESTHESIE ,Paediatric care ,[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health ,business.industry ,OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Nitrous oxide ,PROTOXYDE D'AZOTE ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,chemistry ,PAEDIATRIC HOSPITALS ,GAZ ,RISK FACTORS ,Emergency medicine ,Childbearing age ,Open treatment ,Female ,[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie ,business ,Delivery of Health Care ,Healthcare providers - Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) was found responsible for genetic and reproductive toxicities, whereas it is widely used in paediatric care units where most healthcare providers are women of childbearing age. This motivated investigating occupational overexposure and overexposure factors in several paediatric hospital units. A cross-sectional study was carried out in seven healthcare units. On each of 34 healthcare providers, air samples were extracted (portable pumps and Tedlar® bags) and N2O quantified (gas chromatography, pulsed discharge ionization detection, and infrared spectrometry). The data allowed calculating mean instantaneous exposures. The mean instantaneous exposure was: i) four times higher in closed vs. open treatment rooms; ii) two times higher in case of use vs. non-use of N2O; iii) significantly higher in junior vs. senior healthcare providers (by 12%); and, iv) higher during presumably short vs. presumably long procedures (by 20%). Overexposures to N2O were mainly seen in the emergency unit and in day hospitals for thoracic/abdominal diseases and nephrology. Overexposures were frequent during short-duration procedures; among 88 N2O measurements, 77 (87.5%) exceeded the 200 ppm threshold over 15 minutes. The overexposures call for dedicated treatment rooms (with adequate equipment and ventilation), more efficient anaesthetic practices, appropriate training, and regular checks.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. XITOYNING ENERGETIKA STRATEGIYASI VA ULARNI AMALGA OSHIRISH CHORA ��� TADBIRLARI
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Nigmanov, A.U.
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coal ,ko'mir ,energiya resurslari ,eksport ,energy resources ,energiya strategiyasi ,Oil ,energy strategy ,gaz ,gas ,import ,Neft ,CO2 ,export - Abstract
Koronavirusning tarqalishi bilan bog��liq iqtisodiy muammolar kuchayayotgan bir paytda Xitoy iqtisodiyotining rivojlanish tendentsiyalari jahonning diqqat markazida bo��lib, Xitoy iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirish bo��yicha uzoq muddatli rejalar dunyoda alohida qiziqish uyg��otmoqda. jamiyat. Bugungi kunda, mamlakat iqtisodiyotidagi sekinlashuvga qaramay, Xitoy dunyodagi eng yirik iqtisodiyotlardan biri bo'lib qolmoqda. rinda turadi. Bugungi kunda Xitoy qanday rivojlanishini oldindan aytish qiyin energetikaning barcha sohalariga katta hajmdagi sarmoya kiritilishi tufayli uning qanday rivojlanishini oldindan aytish qiyin. shuningdek, 2020-yilning birinchi yarmida koronavirus epidemiyasi tufayli jiddiy iqtisodiy tanazzul yuzaga kelishi xavfi aniq prognozlar qilishga imkon bermayapti., At a time when the economic problems associated with the spread of coronavirus are intensifying, the development trends of the Chinese economy have become the focus of global attention, and long-term plans for the development of the Chinese economy are of particular interest to the world community. Today, despite the slowdown in the country's economy, China remains one of the world's largest economies. rinda stands. It is difficult to predict how China will develop today it is difficult to predict how it will develop due to the large-scale investment in all areas of energy. as well as the threat of a serious economic recession in the first half of 2020 due to the coronavirus epidemic does not allow accurate predictions.
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- 2021
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47. ISRAEL AND THE GAS RESOURCES OF THE LEVANT BASIN.
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AĞDEMİR, A. Murat
- Subjects
NATURAL gas ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Middle Eastern Studies / Ortadoğu Etütleri is the property of Turkmen Cooperation & Cultural Foundation Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies (ORSAM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
48. Analyses de microvolumes de gaz par spectroscopie Raman : expériences quantitatives et modélisation des mélanges CO₂-CH₄-N₂
- Author
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LE, Van-Hoan, GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université de Lorraine, Alexandre Tarantola, and Marie-Camille Jodin
- Subjects
Baromètre ,Spectroscopie Raman ,Densimeter ,High-Pressure Optical Cell System ,Fluides géologiques ,Interface utilisateur ,Thermodynamique ,Barometer ,FRAnCIs ,Densimètre ,Gaz ,Gas ,[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry ,Raman spectroscopy ,Intermolecular interaction ,Thermodynamics ,User Interface ,HPOC Système ,Geological fluids ,Interactions intermoléculaires - Abstract
Quantitative knowledge of species trapped within fluid inclusions provides key information to better understand geological processes as well as to reconstruct the conditions of paleofluid circulation. CO₂, CH₄, and N₂ are among the most dominant gas species omnipresent in various geological environments, but their quantitative PVX calibration data are not fully established yet. Using the previously published data can therefore lead to non-quantified errors, especially when applied to geological fluids containing generally several substances at elevated pressure and density. The aim of this work is to provide accurate calibration data for the simultaneous determination of PVX properties of pure gases or any binary and ternary mixtures of CO₂, CH₄, and N₂ over 5 to 600 bars at a fixed temperature, directly from Raman spectra. For this, gas mixtures were prepared and compressed using a mixer (GasMix AlyTech) coupled with a homemade pressurization system. Raman in situ analyses of gas mixtures were performed at controlled conditions using an improved HPOC system (High-Pressure Optical Cell) with a transparent microcapillary containing the prepared gas mixtures, placed on a heating-cooling stage (Linkam CAP500). Overall, the uncertainty of the measurement of the PVX properties of fluid inclusions from our calibration equations at 22 or 32 °C is < ± 1 mol%, ~ ± 20 bars, and ~ ± 0.02 g.cm-³ for molar proportion, pressure and density, respectively. The ensuing aim of the project is to interpret the variation trends of the peak position of the CH₄ and N₂ ν1 band for an in-depth understanding. Two theoretical models, i.e., Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential energy approximation and Perturbed hard-sphere fluid model were involved to quantitatively assess the contribution of the attractive and repulsive intermolecular interaction forces to the pressure-induced frequency shifts. A predictive model was also provided to predict the variation trend of the CH₄ ν1 band over a pressure range up to 3000 bars as a function of pressure and composition. Furthermore, the applicability of our calibration data to other laboratories and apparatus and to gas mixtures that contain a small amount of other species (e.g., H2, H2S) was discussed and evaluated. New universal calibration data applicable for other laboratories were then provided. A computer program “FRAnCIs” was also developed to make the application of our calibration data as convenient as possible via a user-friendly interface.; Les inclusions fluides naturelles peuvent fournir des informations quantitatives précieuses pour reconstruire les conditions de circulation des paléofluides. CO₂, CH₄ et N₂ sont les espèces gazeuses majoritaires le plus souvent rencontrées dans divers environnements géologiques. Cependant les données d’étalonnage des mélanges constitués de ces espèces pour une quantification de leurs propriétés PVX ne sont pas encore complètement établies. L'utilisation des données de calibration disponible dans la littérature peut donc entraîner des erreurs significatives. L'objectif central de ce travail de thèse est d’apporter des données d’étalonnage du signal Raman des gaz CO₂, CH₄, N₂ et de leurs mélanges, sur une gamme de pression de 5 à 600 bars, afin de pouvoir déterminer simultanément les propriétés PVX à une température fixée. Pour cela, des mélanges de gaz ont été préparés à haute pression par le biais d'un mélangeur (GasMix AlyTech) couplé avec un système de pressurisation développé au laboratoire GeoRessources. Des analyses in situ Raman des mélanges de gaz ont été réalisées dans des conditions contrôlées en utilisant le système HPOC couplé avec un microcapillaire transparent placé sur une platine microthermométrique (Linkam CAP500). L’incertitude des mesures des propriétés PVX à 22 ou 32 °C à partir de nos équations d’étalonnage est de < 1 mol%, ~ ± 20 bars et ~ ± 0,02 g.cm-³ pour la composition, la pression et la densité, respectivement. Un autre objectif du projet est d'interpréter la tendance de variation de la position du pic du N₂ et/ou CH₄ pour une compréhension approfondie. Deux modèles théoriques, i.e., le potentiel de Lennard-Jones 6-12 et le modèle « Perturbed hard-sphere fluid » ont été utilisés pour évaluer quantitativement la contribution des forces d'interaction intermoléculaire attractives et répulsives aux décalages des bandes de CH₄ et N₂. Un modèle prédictif a été proposé pour prédire la tendance de la variation de la position du pic du CH₄ jusqu'à 3000 bars en fonction de la pression et de la composition. En fin, l'applicabilité de nos données d'étalonnage aux autres systèmes gazeux ou dans d’autres laboratoires est discutée et évaluée. Des nouvelles données d’étalonnage universelles applicables dans d’autres laboratoires sont fournies. Un programme de calcul « FRAnCIs » avec une interface utilisateur a été développé pour rendre l'utilisation de nos données d'étalonnage accessibles au plus grand nombre.
- Published
- 2020
49. Sécurité et énergie. La politique énergétique de l’UE. Le cas du gaz russe
- Author
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Hamant, Hélène, Équipe de droit international, européen et comparé (EDIEC), Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Gervasoni, Véronique
- Subjects
gaz ,[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,[SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,Russie ,gazoducs ,Gazprom ,Union européenne ,energy ,énergie - Abstract
The question of the vulnerability of the member-states of the EU and their dependance on russian gas is to be found regularly in the media headlines. This study will examine how the EU approaches this issue and how it tries to reduce its weak points. It will demonstrate that despite the fairly widespread common opinion, the EU is not such an easy pray after all. The EU is used to employing its traditional rules of action which seemingly enter into conflict with Gazprom strategy. It also has adopted some newrules. It has reinforced the control over the energy-treaties concluded by its member-member-states with outside business-partner-countries. It has taken measures to prevent supply disruptions and, finally, diversifies its resources for supplies., La question de la vulnérabilité des États membres de l’Union européenne et de leur dépendance à l’égard de la Russie en matière gazière revient régulièrement à la une de l’actualité. Cette étude examine comment l’Union aborde cette question et comment elle travaille à réduire ses faiblesses. Elle montre que, contrairement à une opinion assez commune, l’UE n’est pas une proie si facile. Elle a des règles anciennes qui entrent en contradiction avec la stratégie de Gazprom et en a adopté de nouvelles. Elle a renforcé le contrôle sur les accords énergétiques conclus par ses États membres avec des pays tiers. Elle a pris des mesures pour prévenir les ruptures d’approvisionnement. Enfin, elle diversifie ses sources d’approvisionnement.
- Published
- 2020
50. KËSHILLI PËR BASHKËPUNIM I SHTETEVE TË GJIRIT ARABIK -- BASHKEPUNIMI REGJIONAL DHE MARRËDHËNIET EKONOMIKE.
- Author
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MALIQI, Faton
- Subjects
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REGIONAL cooperation , *GROSS domestic product , *ARAB Spring Uprisings, 2010-2012 , *TWENTY-first century , *INTERNATIONAL economic relations , *ECONOMIC history , *INTERNATIONAL economic integration - Abstract
The Council of the Gulf Cooperation forms a unique model of collaboration across the Middle East region. This integration grouping was established in 1981 and became involved in a long evolutionary process that resulted in the commitment of member states to current and deep integration, at least at the economic level. Gulf regional security has been troubled since the formation of the Gulf Cooperation Council and its is being questioned or threatened on various occasions. At the same time, international position and importance of the Gulf region as a reservoir of energy resources increased level of vitality for global stability and development. Gulf Cooperation Council are leading the production and export of oil and gas in international markets, so their security and stability is important for the global economy. In the perspective of time, all they have created security and military narrow borders with the United States or expand existing ones, which shaped their behavior and international integration processes affected. There are still significant challenges ahead of the Gulf Cooperation Council, but in recent years we can see decent growth in an effort to implement the goals settled. The main purpose is to analyze the social - economic position of the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, the main reason to point integration processes and show the evolution of the organization has passed, and to describe the main obstacles and opportunities ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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