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Twenty-one species belonging to the family Chromodorididae and one species of Hexabranchus (Hexabranchidae) are present in the 1990 Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition (RBE) collection. The 1996 Fauna Malesiana Marine Maluku Expedition (Mal) collected 43 lots of nudibranchs, mostly chromodorids: 17 species were identified, six of which were not represented in the RBE collection. A total of 35 chromodorid species, belonging to nine genera, are described from Ambon and nearby localities. Four species are new to science, and seventeen species are recorded from Indonesian waters for the first time. Brief descriptions are given for the species which are well known, highlighting significant features, differentiating characters from similar species, and allowing recognition. A number of species are less well known and described and figured in more detail. The name Chromodoris marindica nom. nov. is proposed for Chromodoris reticulata sensu Eliot, 1904, and Farran, 1905 (not C. reticulata Pease, 1866) and C. inopinata sensu Rudman, 1973 (not C. inopinata Bergh, 1905). The monogeneric family Hexabranchidae is represented by four specimens of Hexabranchus marginatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832). All but three species are illustrated with colour photographs of the living specimens. Species of which the type locality is Ambon are tabulated in Appendix 1, while a list of species described as new from Indonesia, with comments, is presented in Appendix 2.

The 1990 Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (Indonesia) made 44 collecting stations. Twenty-seven species representing 11 genera of the Naticidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) were collected at 29 stations. This paper provides keys to the genera and species, along with diagnoses and short synonymies of the species. The modern identity of the thirteen naticid species known to Rumphius in his “D’Amboinsche Rariteitkamer” (1705) is determined. Fifty described species of Naticidae are currently known from Malaysia and Indonesia, with 38 known from Ambon itself (this expedition and older museum collections).

This paper lists all species of the family Nassariidae collected during the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Altogether 47 species are reported, of which two, Nassarius maccauslandi and N. rotundus, are new for Indonesia. Four additional species from Ambon are known from collections in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden and in the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. Another additional species is mentioned by Adam & Leloup (1938). Five species of Nassariidae were described by Rumphius, of which four were found by the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition.

This report deals with the species of Muricidae collected during the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition on Ambon. At 44 stations, a total of 58 species in 23 genera of the prosobranch gastropod family Muricidae were obtained. The identity and the classification of several nominal taxa is revised. Four species are new to science and are described here: Pygmaepterys cracentis spec. nov. (Muricopsinae), Pascula ambonensis spec. nov. (Ergalataxinae), Thais hadrolineae spec. nov. and Morula rumphiusi spec. nov. (Rapaninae). Some comments are included on the Muricidae described by Rumphius and on their identification. In his "Amboinsche Rariteitkamer" (1705) 21 species of muricids were included, of which 16 were illustrated by Rumphius or Schijnvoet. The identity of those species is determined. During the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition seven of these species have been refound.

Costatophora is introduced as a new subgenus of Tetraphora Laseron, 1958 for Triforis seranus P.J. Fischer, 1927, a triphorid with distinctive teleoconch sculpture and radular morphology.

Twenty-one species belonging to the family Chromodorididae and one species of Hexabranchus (Hexabranchidae) are present in the 1990 Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition (RBE) collection. The 1996 Fauna Malesiana Marine Maluku Expedition (Mal) collected 43 lots of nudibranchs, mostly chromodorids: 17 species were identified, six of which were not represented in the RBE collection. A total of 35 chromodorid species, belonging to nine genera, are described from Ambon and nearby localities. Four species are new to science, and seventeen species are recorded from Indonesian waters for the first time. Brief descriptions are given for the species which are well known, highlighting significant features, differentiating characters from similar species, and allowing recognition. A number of species are less well known and described and figured in more detail. The name Chromodoris marindica nom. nov. is proposed for Chromodoris reticulata sensu Eliot, 1904, and Farran, 1905 (not C. reticulata Pease, 1866) and C. inopinata sensu Rudman, 1973 (not C. inopinata Bergh, 1905). The monogeneric family Hexabranchidae is represented by four specimens of Hexabranchus marginatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832). All but three species are illustrated with colour photographs of the living specimens. Species of which the type locality is Ambon are tabulated in Appendix 1, while a list of species described as new from Indonesia, with comments, is presented in Appendix 2.

The 1990 Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (Indonesia) made 44 collecting stations. Twenty-seven species representing 11 genera of the Naticidae (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda) were collected at 29 stations. This paper provides keys to the genera and species, along with diagnoses and short synonymies of the species. The modern identity of the thirteen naticid species known to Rumphius in his “D’Amboinsche Rariteitkamer” (1705) is determined. Fifty described species of Naticidae are currently known from Malaysia and Indonesia, with 38 known from Ambon itself (this expedition and older museum collections).

This paper lists all species of the family Nassariidae collected during the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Altogether 47 species are reported, of which two, Nassarius maccauslandi and N. rotundus, are new for Indonesia. Four additional species from Ambon are known from collections in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden and in the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. Another additional species is mentioned by Adam & Leloup (1938). Five species of Nassariidae were described by Rumphius, of which four were found by the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition.

This report deals with the species of Muricidae collected during the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition on Ambon. At 44 stations, a total of 58 species in 23 genera of the prosobranch gastropod family Muricidae were obtained. The identity and the classification of several nominal taxa is revised. Four species are new to science and are described here: Pygmaepterys cracentis spec. nov. (Muricopsinae), Pascula ambonensis spec. nov. (Ergalataxinae), Thais hadrolineae spec. nov. and Morula rumphiusi spec. nov. (Rapaninae). Some comments are included on the Muricidae described by Rumphius and on their identification. In his "Amboinsche Rariteitkamer" (1705) 21 species of muricids were included, of which 16 were illustrated by Rumphius or Schijnvoet. The identity of those species is determined. During the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition seven of these species have been refound.

Costatophora is introduced as a new subgenus of Tetraphora Laseron, 1958 for Triforis seranus P.J. Fischer, 1927, a triphorid with distinctive teleoconch sculpture and radular morphology.