7 results on '"Hernandez-Sanabria, Emma"'
Search Results
2. Supplementation of a propionate-producing consortium improves markers of insulin resistance in an in vitro model of gut-liver axis.
- Author
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El Hage R, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Calatayud Arroyo M, and Van de Wiele T
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Cytokines metabolism, Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology, Glycogen metabolism, Hep G2 Cells, Humans, Inflammation metabolism, Inflammation microbiology, Liver microbiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Gastrointestinal Tract metabolism, Hepatocytes metabolism, Insulin Resistance physiology, Liver metabolism, Propionates metabolism
- Abstract
Gut-liver cross talk is an important determinant of human health with profound effects on energy homeostasis. While gut microbes produce a huge range of metabolites, specific compounds such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can enter the portal circulation and reach the liver (Brandl K, Schnabl B. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 33: 128-133, 2017), a central organ involved in glucose homeostasis and diabetes control. Propionate is a major SCFA involved in activation of intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN), thereby regulating food intake, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and leading to metabolic homeostasis. Although microbiome-modulating strategies may target the increased microbial production of propionate, it is not clear whether such an effect spreads through to the hepatic cellular level. Here, we designed a propionate-producing consortium using a selection of commensal gut bacteria, and we investigated how their delivered metabolites impact an in vitro enterohepatic model of insulin resistance. Glycogen storage on hepatocyte-like cells and inflammatory markers associated with insulin resistance were evaluated to understand the role of gut metabolites on gut-liver cross talk in a simulated scenario of insulin resistance. The metabolites produced by our consortium increased glycogen synthesis by ~57% and decreased proinflammatory markers such as IL-8 by 12%, thus elucidating the positive effect of our consortium on metabolic function and low-grade inflammation. Our results suggest that microbiota-derived products can be a promising multipurpose strategy to modulate energy homeostasis, with the potential ability to assist in managing metabolic diseases due to their adaptability.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Short-term supplementation of celecoxib-shifted butyrate production on a simulated model of the gut microbial ecosystem and ameliorated in vitro inflammation.
- Author
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Hernandez-Sanabria E, Heiremans E, Calatayud Arroyo M, Props R, Leclercq L, Snoeys J, and Van de Wiele T
- Subjects
- Adult, Bacteria drug effects, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Batch Cell Culture Techniques, Caco-2 Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Ribosomal genetics, Feces microbiology, Female, Fermentation, HT29 Cells, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Male, Proof of Concept Study, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, THP-1 Cells, Bacteria classification, Butyrates metabolism, Celecoxib pharmacology, Chemokine CXCL16 metabolism, Gastrointestinal Microbiome drug effects, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Sequence Analysis, DNA methods
- Abstract
Celecoxib has been effective in the prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders through inhibition of altered cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathways. Despite the benefits, continuous administration may increase risk of cardiovascular events. Understanding microbiome-drug-host interactions is fundamental for improving drug disposition and safety responses of colon-targeted formulations, but little information is available on the bidirectional interaction between individual microbiomes and celecoxib. Here, we conducted in vitro batch incubations of human faecal microbiota to obtain a mechanistic proof-of-concept of the short-term impact of celecoxib on activity and composition of colon bacterial communities. Celecoxib-exposed microbiota shifted metabolic activity and community composition, whereas total transcriptionally active bacterial population was not significantly changed. Butyrate production decreased by 50% in a donor-dependent manner, suggesting that celecoxib impacts in vitro fermentation. Microbiota-derived acetate has been associated with inhibition of cancer markers and our results suggest uptake of acetate for bacterial functions when celecoxib was supplied, which potentially favoured bacterial competition for acetyl-CoA. We further assessed whether colon microbiota modulates anti-inflammatory efficacy of celecoxib using a simplified inflammation model, and a novel in vitro simulation of the enterohepatic metabolism. Celecoxib was responsible for only 5% of the variance in bacterial community composition but celecoxib-exposed microbiota preserved barrier function and decreased concentrations of IL-8 and CXCL16 in a donor-dependent manner in our two models simulating gut inflammatory milieu. Our results suggest that celecoxib-microbiome-host interactions may not only elicit adaptations in community composition but also in microbiota functionality, and these may need to be considered for guaranteeing efficient COX-2 inhibition.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Development of a host-microbiome model of the small intestine.
- Author
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Calatayud M, Dezutter O, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Hidalgo-Martinez S, Meysman FJR, and Van de Wiele T
- Subjects
- Caco-2 Cells, Chemokine CXCL16 genetics, Chemokine CXCL16 metabolism, Escherichia coli pathogenicity, HT29 Cells, Humans, Interleukin-6 genetics, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Interleukin-8 genetics, Interleukin-8 metabolism, Intestinal Mucosa metabolism, Lipopolysaccharides metabolism, Toll-Like Receptor 2 genetics, Toll-Like Receptor 2 metabolism, Toll-Like Receptor 4 genetics, Toll-Like Receptor 4 metabolism, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha genetics, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha metabolism, Veillonella pathogenicity, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Intestinal Mucosa microbiology, Primary Cell Culture methods
- Abstract
The intestinal epithelium plays an essential role in the balance between tolerant and protective immune responses to infectious agents. In vitro models do not typically consider the innate immune response and gut microbiome in detail, so these models do not fully mimic the physiologic aspects of the small intestine. We developed and characterized a long-term in vitro model containing enterocyte, goblet, and immune-like cells exposed to a synthetic microbial community representative of commensal inhabitants of the small intestine. This model showed differential responses toward a synthetic microbial community of commensal bacterial inhabitants of the small intestine in the absence or presence of LPS from Escherichia coli O111:B4. Simultaneous exposure to LPS and microbiota induced impaired epithelial barrier function; increased production of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16; and augmented differentiation and adhesion of macrophage-like cells and the overexpression of dual oxidase 2 and TLR-2 and -4 mRNA. In addition, the model demonstrated the ability to assess the adhesion of specific bacterial strains from the synthetic microbial community-more specifically, Veillonella parvula-to the simulated epithelium. This novel in vitro model may assist in overcoming sampling and retrieval difficulties when studying host-microbiome interactions in the small intestine.-Calatayud, M., Dezutter, O., Hernandez-Sanabria, E., Hidalgo-Martinez, S., Meysman, F. J. R., Van de Wiele, T. Development of a host-microbiome model of the small intestine.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface.
- Author
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Calatayud Arroyo M, Van de Wiele T, and Hernandez-Sanabria E
- Subjects
- Humans, Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology, Intestines microbiology
- Abstract
The interplay between host and microbiota has been long recognized and extensively described. The mouth is similar to other sections of the gastrointestinal tract, as resident microbiota occurs and prevents colonisation by exogenous bacteria. Indeed, more than 600 species of bacteria are found in the oral cavity, and a single individual may carry around 100 different at any time. Oral bacteria possess the ability to adhere to the various niches in the oral ecosystem, thus becoming integrated within the resident microbial communities, and favouring growth and survival. However, the flow of bacteria into the gut during swallowing has been proposed to disturb the balance of the gut microbiota. In fact, oral administration of P. gingivalis shifted bacterial composition in the ileal microflora. We used a synthetic community as a simplified representation of the natural oral ecosystem, to elucidate the survival and viability of oral bacteria subjected to simulated gastrointestinal transit conditions. Fourteen species were selected, subjected to in vitro salivary, gastric, and intestinal digestion processes, and presented to a multicompartment cell model containing Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells to simulate the gut mucosal epithelium. This model served to unravel the impact of swallowed bacteria on cells involved in the enterohepatic circulation. Using synthetic communities allows for controllability and reproducibility. Thus, this methodology can be adapted to assess pathogen viability and subsequent inflammation-associated changes, colonization capacity of probiotic mixtures, and ultimately, potential bacterial impact on the presystemic circulation.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mucosa-associated biohydrogenating microbes protect the simulated colon microbiome from stress associated with high concentrations of poly-unsaturated fat.
- Author
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De Weirdt R, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Fievez V, Mees E, Geirnaert A, Van Herreweghen F, Vilchez-Vargas R, Van den Abbeele P, Jauregui R, Pieper DH, Vlaeminck B, and Van de Wiele T
- Subjects
- Adult, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria metabolism, Butyrates metabolism, Colon physiology, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Linoleic Acid metabolism, Microbiota drug effects, Stearic Acids metabolism, Young Adult, Bacteria isolation & purification, Colon microbiology, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated metabolism, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Intestinal Mucosa microbiology
- Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may affect colon microbiome homeostasis by exerting (specific) antimicrobial effects and/or interfering with mucosal biofilm formation at the gut mucosal interface. We used standardized batch incubations and the Mucosal-Simulator of the Human Microbial Intestinal Ecosystem (M-SHIME) to show the in vitro luminal and mucosal effects of the main PUFA in the Western diet, linoleic acid (LA). High concentrations of LA were found to decrease butyrate production and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii numbers dependent on LA biohydrogenation to vaccenic acid (VA) and stearic acid (SA). In faecal batch incubations, LA biohydrogenation and butyrate production were positively correlated and SA did not inhibit butyrate production. In the M-SHIME, addition of a mucosal environment stimulated biohydrogenation to SA and protected F. prausnitzii from inhibition by LA. This was probably due to the preference of two biohydrogenating genera Roseburia and Pseudobutyrivibrio for the mucosal niche. Co-culture batch incubations using Roseburia hominis and F. prausnitzii validated these observations. Correlations networks further uncovered the central role of Roseburia and Pseudobutyrivibrio in protecting luminal and mucosal SHIME microbiota from LA-induced stress. Our results confirm how cross-shielding interactions provide resilience to the microbiome and demonstrate the importance of biohydrogenating, mucosal bacteria for recovery from LA stress., (© 2017 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Assessing the Viability of a Synthetic Bacterial Consortium on the In Vitro Gut Host-microbe Interface
- Author
-
Calatayud Arroyo, Marta, Van de Wiele, Tom, and Hernandez Sanabria, Emma
- Subjects
ORAL MICROBIOME ,MUCUS ,host-microbe interaction ,commensal bacteria ,flow cytometry ,MODELS ,CACO-2 ,Biology and Life Sciences ,bacterial viability ,CELL-LINES ,ADHESION ,bacterial adhesion ,PLAQUE ,Biochemistry ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Intestines ,gastrointestinal passage ,health-associated bacteria ,Issue 137 ,Humans ,synthetic microbial community ,HEALTH ,gut epithelium ,in vitro models - Abstract
The interplay between host and microbiota has been long recognized and extensively described. The mouth is similar to other sections of the gastrointestinal tract, as resident microbiota occurs and prevents colonisation by exogenous bacteria. Indeed, more than 600 species of bacteria are found in the oral cavity, and a single individual may carry around 100 different at any time. Oral bacteria possess the ability to adhere to the various niches in the oral ecosystem, thus becoming integrated within the resident microbial communities, and favouring growth and survival. However, the flow of bacteria into the gut during swallowing has been proposed to disturb the balance of the gut microbiota. In fact, oral administration of P. gingivalis shifted bacterial composition in the ilea! microflora. We used a synthetic community as a simplified representation of the natural oral ecosystem, to elucidate the survival and viability of oral bacteria subjected to simulated gastrointestinal transit conditions. Fourteen species were selected, subjected to in vitro salivary, gastric, and intestinal digestion processes, and presented to a multicompartment cell model containing Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells to simulate the gut mucosal epithelium. This model served to unravel the impact of swallowed bacteria on cells involved in the enterohepatic circulation. Using synthetic communities allows for controllability and reproducibility. Thus, this methodology can be adapted to assess pathogen viability and subsequent inflammation-associated changes, colonization capacity of probiotic mixtures, and ultimately, potential bacterial impact on the presystemic circulation.
- Published
- 2018
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