Author: "Ciupik, L" / Topic: gamma rays - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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30 results on '"Ciupik, L"'

1. Detection of Pulsed Gamma Rays Above 100 GeV from the Crab Pulsar

Author: Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bouvier, A., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Christiansen, J. L., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Griffin, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Huan, H., Hughes, G., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lyutikov, M., Madhavan, A. S, Maier, G., Majumdar, P., McArthur, S., McCann, A., McCutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nuñez, P., Ong, R. A., Orr, M., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Perkins, J. S., Pizlo, F., Pohl, M., Prokoph, H., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Ruppel, J., Saxon, D. B., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Şentürk, G. D., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Tsurusaki, K., Tyler, J., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Vivier, M., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., and Zitzer, B.
Published: 2011
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2. Very high-energy gamma-ray follow-up program using neutrino triggers from IceCube

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Arguelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker-Tjus, J., Becker, K. -H, Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Borner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Boser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P, Bron, S., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., Andre, J. P. A. M., Clercq, C., Del Pino Rosendo, E., Dembinski, H., Ridder, S., Desiati, P., Vries, K. D., Wasseige, G., With, M., Deyoung, T., Diaz-Velez, J. C., Di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fosig, C. -C, Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glauch, T., Glusenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Haj Ismail, A., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Kopke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Kruckl, G., Kruger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Lu, L., Lunemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Mcnally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Olivas, A., O Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, O., Pepper, J. A., Perez Los Heros, C., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Radel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Sanchez-Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schoneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stossl, A., Strom, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tevsic, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., Rossem, M., Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vogel, E., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch, Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Zoll, M., Magic, Collaboration, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Bednarek, W., Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., Angelis, A., Lotto, B., Ona Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Dominguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Michele Doro, Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fernandez-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., Garcia Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinovic, N., Gonzalez Munoz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez, M., Lopez-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogues, L., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Schroeder, S., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpaa, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Suric, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Veritas, Collaboration, Abeysekara, A. U., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Bourbeau, E., Buchovecky, M., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Flinders, A., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gillanders, G. H., Griffin, S., Grube, J., Hutten, M., Haakansson, N., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kelley-Hoskins, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nguyen, T., Nieto, D., O Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wilcox, P., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Vriendenkring VUB, Physics, Elementary Particle Physics, Universitat de Barcelona, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argï¿½elles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Becker Tjus, J., Becker, K. -H., Benzvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Bï¿½rner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Bï¿½ser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Bron, S., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., De Andrï¿½, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Del Pino Rosendo, E., Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., De Vries, K. D., De Wasseige, G., De With, M., Deyoung, T., Dï¿½az-Vï¿½lez, J. C., Di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fï¿½sig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Franke, R., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glauch, T., Glï¿½senkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Haj Ismail, A., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Kï¿½pke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krï¿½ckl, G., Krï¿½ger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Lu, L., Lï¿½nemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Mcnally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Obertacke Pollmann, A., Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, O., Pepper, J. A., Pï¿½rez De Los Heros, C., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rï¿½del, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Sanchez Herrera, S. E., Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schï¿½neberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stï¿½ï¿½l, A., Strï¿½m, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tesic, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., Van Rossem, M., Van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vogel, E., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Zoll, M., Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra Gonzï¿½lez, J., Bednarek, W., Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Buson, S., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Ona Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domï¿½nguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher Glawion, D., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Ramazani Fallah, V., Fernï¿½ndez-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., Garcï¿½a Lopez, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinovic, N., Gonzï¿½lez Munoz, A., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., Lopez, M., Lopez-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martï¿½nez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Noguï¿½s, L., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Schroeder, S., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Sillanpï¿½ï¿½, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Suric, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Abeysekara, A. U., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Bourbeau, E., Buchovecky, M., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Flinders, A., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Gillanders, G. H., Griffin, S., Grube, J., Hï¿½tten, M., Hakansson, N., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kelley-Hoskins, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nguyen, T., Nieto, D., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wilcox, P., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Arguelles Delgado, Carlos A, Axani, Spencer Nicholas, Collin G. H., Conrad, Janet Marie, Jones, Benjamin James Poyner, and Moulai, Marjon H.
Subjects: High energy, Particle physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Gamma telescope, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gamma telescopes, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Neutrino detectors, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Online analysis, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Raigs gamma, 0103 physical sciences, MAGIC (telescope), ddc:610, Neutrins, Neutrinos, Blazar, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Sky, Física nuclear, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrino detectors, gamma telescopes
Abstract: Journal of Instrumentation 11(11), P11009(2016). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/11/P11009, We describe and report the status of a neutrino-triggered program in IceCube that generates real-time alerts for gamma-ray follow-up observations by atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes (MAGIC and VERITAS). While IceCube is capable of monitoring the whole sky continuously, high-energy gamma-ray telescopes have restricted fields of view and in general are unlikely to be observing a potential neutrino-flaring source at the time such neutrinos are recorded. The use of neutrino-triggered alerts thus aims at increasing the availability of simultaneous multi-messenger data during potential neutrino flaring activity, which can increase the discovery potential and constrain the phenomenological interpretation of the high-energy emission of selected source classes (e.g. blazars). The requirements of a fast and stable online analysis of potential neutrino signals and its operation are presented, along with first results of the program operating between 14 March 2012 and 31 December 2015., Published by Inst. of Physics, London
Published: 2017
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3. Multiwavelength study of quiescent states of MRK 421 with unprecedented hard x-ray coverage provided by NuSTAR in 2013

Author: Baloković, M., Paneque, D., Madejski, G., Furniss, A., Chiang, J., the NuSTAR team, Ajello, M., Alexander, D. M., Barret, D., Blandford, R., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Giommi, P., Grefenstette, B. W., Hailey, C. J., Harrison, F. A., Hornstrup, A., Kitaguchi, T., Koglin, J. E., Madsen, K. K., Mao, P. H., Miyasaka, H., Mori, K., Perri, M., Pivovaroff, M. J., Simonetta Puccetti, Rana, V., Stern, D., Tagliaferri, G., Urry, C. M., Westergaard, N. J., Zhang, W. W., Zoglauer, A., Veritas, The Collaboration, Archambault, S., Archer, A. A., Barnacka, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortson, L., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Huetten, M., Haakansson, N., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Nelson, T., Nieto, D., Ong, R. A., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Todd, N. W., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Vincent, S., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Magic, The Collaboration, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres Almeida, U., Barrio, J., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., Angelis, A., Lotto, B., Oña Wilhelmi, E. D., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Eisenacher, D., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas-Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, S., Palatiello, M., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L. O., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Collaborators, External, Perkins, J., Verrecchia, F., Leto, C., Böttcher, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Acosta-Pulido, J. A., Bachev, R., Berdyugin, A., Blinov, D. A., Carnerero, M. I., Chen, W. P., Chinchilla, P., Damljanovic, G., Eswaraiah, C., Grishina, T. S., Ibryamov, S., Jordan, B., Jorstad, S. G., Joshi, M., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Larionov, V. M., Latev, G., Lin, H. C., Marscher, A. P., Mokrushina, A. A., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Strigachev, A., Troitskaya, Yu V., Troitsky, I. S., Vince, O., Barnes, J., Güver, T., Moody, J. W., Sadun, A. C., Sun, S., Hovatta, T., Richards, J. L., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C., Lähteenmäki, A., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Ramakrishnan, V., Reinthal, R., Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Myserlis, I., Karamanavis, V., Sievers, A., Ungerechts, H., Zensus, J. A., Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Glawion , D., ~, Baloković, M., Paneque, D., Madejski, G., Furniss, A., Chiang, J., Ajello, M., Alexander, D. M., Barret, D., Blandford, R. D., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Giommi, P., Grefenstette, B., Hailey, C., Harrison, F. A., Hornstrup, A., Kitaguchi, T., Koglin, J. E., Madsen, K. K., Mao, P. H., Miyasaka, H., Mori, K., Perri, M., Pivovaroff, M. J., Puccetti, S., Rana, V., Stern, D., Tagliaferri, G., Urry, C. M., Westergaard, N. J., Zhang, W. W., Zoglauer, A., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Barnacka, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortson, L., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Huetten, M., Håkansson, N., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Nelson, T., Nieto, D., Ong, R. A., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Todd, N. W., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Vincent, S., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., De Almeida, U. Barre, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Ońa Wilhelmi, E., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Terrats, D. Garrido, Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Glawion, D., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nieva, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Garcia, J. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Perkins, J., Verrecchia, F., Leto, C., Böttcher, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Acosta Pulido, J. A., Bachev, R., Berdyugin, A., Blinov, D. A., Carnerero, M. I., Chen, W. P., Chinchilla, P., Damljanovic, G., Eswaraiah, C., Grishina, T. S., Ibryamov, S., Jordan, B., Jorstad, S. G., Joshi, M., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Larionov, V. M., Latev, G., Lin, H. C., Marscher, A. P., Mokrushina, A. A., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Smith, P. S., Strigachev, A., Troitskaya, Y. u. V., Troitsky, I. S., Vince, O., Barnes, J., Güver, T., Moody, J. W., Sadun, A. C., Sun, S., Hovatta, T., Richards, J. L., Max Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. R., Lähteenmäki, A., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Ramakrishnan, V., Reinthal, R., Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Myserlis, I., Karamanavis, V., Sievers, A., Ungerechts, H., and Zensus, J. A.
Subjects: galaxie [X-rays], Photon, PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, ELECTRON ACCELERATION, BACKGROUND-RADIATION, Astrophysics, Electron, Nonthermal, BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421), galaxies: active, gamma rays: general, radiation mechanisms: nonthermal, X-rays: galaxies, 01 natural sciences, individual: Markarian 421 [BL Lacertae objects], LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, individual (Markarian 421) [BL Lacertae objects], law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, MAGNETIC RECONNECTION, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Large area telescope, TEV BLAZARS, gamma, rays: general, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, LAC OBJECTS, CORRELATED VARIABILITY, Synchrotron, galaxies [X-rays], Spectral energy distribution, Degree of polarization, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, BL Lac object, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, active [Galaxies], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Particle acceleration, general [Gamma rays], FOS: Physical sciences, Photon energy, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, Radiation mechanisms, BL Lacertae objects, individual, Markarian 421, galaxies, active, gamma rays, general, radiation mechanisms, nonthermal, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysic, nonthermal [Radiation mechanisms], Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, Background radiation, ddc:520
Abstract: The astrophysical journal 819(2), 156 (2016). doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/156, We present coordinated multiwavelength observations of the bright, nearby BL Lacertae object Mrk 421 taken in 2013 January–March, involving GASP-WEBT, Swift, NuSTAR, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, VERITAS, and other collaborations and instruments, providing data from radio to very high energy (VHE) γ-ray bands. NuSTAR yielded previously unattainable sensitivity in the 3–79 keV range, revealing that the spectrum softens when the source is dimmer until the X-ray spectral shape saturates into a steep ${\rm{\Gamma }}\approx 3$ power law, with no evidence for an exponential cutoff or additional hard components up to ~80 keV. For the first time, we observed both the synchrotron and the inverse-Compton peaks of the spectral energy distribution (SED) simultaneously shifted to frequencies below the typical quiescent state by an order of magnitude. The fractional variability as a function of photon energy shows a double-bump structure that relates to the two bumps of the broadband SED. In each bump, the variability increases with energy, which, in the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model, implies that the electrons with higher energies are more variable. The measured multi band variability, the significant X-ray-to-VHE correlation down to some of the lowest fluxes ever observed in both bands, the lack of correlation between optical/UV and X-ray flux, the low degree of polarization and its significant (random) variations, the short estimated electron cooling time, and the significantly longer variability timescale observed in the NuSTAR light curves point toward in situ electron acceleration and suggest that there are multiple compact regions contributing to the broadband emission of Mrk 421 during low-activity states., Published by Univ.11032, Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
Published: 2016
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

Author: Abeysekara, A. U., Archambault, S., Chen, X., De Lotto, B., Wilhelmi, E. de Oña, Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Prester, D. Dominis, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Glawion, D. Eisenacher, Ciupik, L., Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Connolly, M. P., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Cui, W., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lelas, D., Eisch, J. D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Falcone, A., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Feng, Q., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Nöthe, M., Paiano, S., Finley, J. P., Palacio, J., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Fleischhack, H., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Saito, T., Flinders, A., Satalecka, K., Schroeder, S., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Archer, A., Fortson, L., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Torres-Albà, N., Toyama, T., Furniss, A., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Hovatta, T., Perez, I. de la Calle, Griffin, S., Smith, P. S., Racero, E., Baloković, M., VERITAS Collaboration, MAGIC Collaboration, Hütten, M., Håkansson, N., Hanna, D., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Benbow, W., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, Maria, Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., McArthur, S., McCann, A., Meagher, K., Bird, R., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., O'Brien, S., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pelassa, V., Pohl, Martin, Popkow, A., Buchovecky, M., Pueschel, E., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Buckley, J. H., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, Alina, Williams, D. A., Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Bugaev, V., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Cardenzana, J. V, Berti, A., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carosi, R., Carosi, A., Cerruti, M., Chatterjee, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Universitat de Barcelona, Abeysekara, A. U., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Flinders, A., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Griffin, S., Hakansson, M. H. N., Hanna, D., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., Ong, S. O. R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pelassa, V., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Sadeh, I., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Wakely, S. P., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arcaro, C., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Almeida, U. Barres De, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berti, Alessio, Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carosi, R., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Ona Wilhelmi, E., Di Pierro, F., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Glawion, D. Eisenacher, Elsaesser, D., Engelkemeier, M., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinović, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nieva, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogués, L., Nöthe, M., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Perri, L., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J. R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schroeder, S., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanp, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Torres Albà, N., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Vanzo, G., Acosta, M. Vazquez, Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Hovatta, T., De La Calle Perez, I., Smith, P. S., Racero, E., and Baloković, M.
Subjects: bl-lacertae objects, blazars, Astrophysics, telescope, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, individual (Markarian 421) [BL Lacertae objects], law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, emission, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, Gamma ray, Radius, lac objects, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Synchrotron, xmm-newton, BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421), galaxies: active, gamma rays: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, correlated variability, active [galaxies], Física nuclear, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, multiwavelength observations, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxies, Galàxies, active galactic nuclei, markarian-421, ddc:520, galaxies: active – BL Lacertae objects: individual: (Markarian 421), general [gamma rays]
Abstract: The astrophysical journal 834(1), 2 (2017). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/2, Blazars are variable emitters across all wavelengths over a wide range of timescales, from months down to minutes. It is therefore essential to observe blazars simultaneously at different wavelengths, especially in the X-ray and gamma-ray bands, where the broadband spectral energy distributions usually peak. In this work, we report on three "target-of-opportunity" observations of Mrk 421, one of the brightest TeV blazars, triggered by a strong flaring event at TeV energies in 2014. These observations feature long, continuous, and simultaneous exposures with XMM-Newton (covering the X-ray and optical/ultraviolet bands) and VERITAS (covering the TeV gamma-ray band), along with contemporaneous observations from other gamma-ray facilities (MAGIC and Fermi-Large Area Telescope) and a number of radio and optical facilities. Although neither rapid flares nor significant X-ray/TeV correlation are detected, these observations reveal subtle changes in the X-ray spectrum of the source over the course of a few days. We search the simultaneous X-ray and TeV data for spectral hysteresis patterns and time delays, which could provide insight into the emission mechanisms and the source properties (e.g., the radius of the emitting region, the strength of the magnetic field, and related timescales). The observed broadband spectra are consistent with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. We find that the power spectral density distribution at $\gtrsim$ 4 × 10$^{−4}$ Hz from the X-ray data can be described by a power-law model with an index value between 1.2 and 1.8, and do not find evidence for a steepening of the power spectral index (often associated with a characteristic length scale) compared to the previously reported values at lower frequencies., Published by IOP Publ., Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
Published: 2016
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5. Very high energy outburst of markarian 501 in may 2009

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Bird, R., Weiner, O. M., Weinstein, A., Welsing, R., Wilhelm, Alina, Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Baring, M. G., Becerra Gónzalez, J., Cillis, A. N., Horan, D., Böttcher, M., Paneque, D., VERITAS Collaboration, Bouvier, A., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Cesarini, A., Chen, Xuhui, Archer, A., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Federici, S., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Arlen, T., Fleischhack, H., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Aune, T., Gyuk, G., Hütten, M., Håkansson, N., Holder, J., Hughes, Greg, Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kelley-Hoskins, N., Barnacka, A., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Madhavan, A. S., Maier, G., McArthur, S., Behera, B., McCann, A., Meagher, K., Millis, J., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nieto, D., O’Faoláin de Bhróithe, A., Ong, R. A., Orr, M., Otte, A. N., Beilicke, M., Pandel, D., Park, N., Pelassa, V., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, Martin, Popkow, A., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Benbow, W., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rousselle, J., Rovero, A. C., Saxon, D. B., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Sheidaei, F., Skole, C., Smith, A. W., Berger, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Theiling, M., Todd, N. W., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), VERITAS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: High energy, GAMMA RAYS, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Ciencias Físicas, bl-lacertae objects, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], law, gamma ray: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, internal shocks, extragalactic radio-sources, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, spectral variability, Quiescent state, Optical polarization, large-area telescope, VERITAS, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Flare, multiwavelength observations, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, GLAST, blazar, polarization: rotation, BL-LAC OBJECTS, bl lacertae objects: individual: mrk 501, 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, polarization: optical, Blazar, optical polarization properties, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], gamma-ray emission, Astronomía, Crab Nebula, gamma ray: VHE, x-ray, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, active galactic nuclei, ddc:520, spectral, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The very high energy (VHE; E $>$ 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 was observed between April 17 and May 5 (MJD 54938--54956), 2009, as part of an extensive multi-wavelength campaign from radio to VHE. Strong VHE $��$-ray activity was detected on May 1st with Whipple and VERITAS, when the flux (E $>$ 400 GeV) increased to 10 times the pre-flare baseline flux ($3.9{\times 10^{-11}}~{\rm ph~cm^{-2}~s^{-1}}$), reaching five times the flux of the Crab Nebula. This coincided with a decrease in the optical polarization and a rotation of the polarization angle by 15$^{\circ}$. This VHE flare showed a fast flux variation with an increase of a factor $\sim$4 in 25 minutes, and a falling time of $\sim$50 minutes. We present the observations of the quiescent state previous to the flare and of the high state after the flare, focusing on the flux and spectral variability from Whipple, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, and Swift combined with optical and radio data., 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2016
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6. Spectral Energy Distribution of Markarian 501: Quiescent State Versus Extreme Outburst

Author: Acciari, V.-A., Aleksic, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Backes, M., Barrio, J. A., Bastieri, D., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Sembroski, G. H., Shayduk, M., Shore, S. N., Sierpowska-Bartosik, A., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Boller, A., Konopelko, A., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamerra, A., Steele, D., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Strah, N., Struebig, J. C., Suric, T., Swordy, S. P., Krähenbühl, T., Boltuch, D., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Theiling, M., the MAGIC Collaboration, the VERITAS Collaboration, Kranich, D., Thibadeau, S., Bonnoli, G., Torres, D. F., Vankov, H., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wagner, R. M., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Krause, J., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Bordas, P., Weisgarber, T., Weitzel, Q., Williams, D. A., Wood, M., Zabalza, V., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Krawczynski, H., Zitzer, B., Borla Tridon, D., Bosch-Ramon, V., Bose, D., Böttcher, M., Bradbury, S.-M., Braun, I., Bretz, T., Buckley, J.-H., Bugaev, V., Krennrich, F., Camara, M., Cannon, A., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., La Barbera, A., Covino, S., Cui, W., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Cea del Pozo, E., Delgado Mendez, C., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Diago Ortega, A., Leonardo, E., Dickherber, R., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Duke, C., Elsaesser, D., Errando, M., Lindfors, E., Falcone, A., Ferenc, D., Finley, J . P., Finnegan, G., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Lombardi, S., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godambe, S., Godinovic, N., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hadasch, D., Beilicke, M., Hanna, D., Hayashida, M., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Höhne-Mönch, D., Holder, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Huang, D., Hui, C. M., Longo, F., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Jogler, T., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Klepser, S., López, M., Lorenz, E., Madhavan, A. S., Maier, G., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Benbow, W., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., McArthur, S., McCann, A., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Berdyugin, A., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Moriarty, P., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Ong, R. A., Orito, R., Otte, A. N., Oya, I., Pandel, D., Berger, K., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez-Torres, M. A., Perkins, J. S., Persic, M., Bernardini, E., Peruzzo, L., Pichel, A., Pochon, J., Pohl, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puchades, N., Puljak, I., Quinn, J., Biland, A., Ragan, K., Reichardt, I., Reinthal, R., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rissi, M., Roache, E., Blanch, O., Rose, H. J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Sánchez-Conde, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Bock, R. K., Schroedter, M., Universitat de Barcelona, Acciari, V. A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Huang, D., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Madhavan, A. S., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Moriarty, P., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Backes, M., Barrio, J. A., Bastieri, D., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berdyugin, A., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borla Tridon, D., Bosch Ramon, V., Bose, D., Braun, I., Bretz, T., Camara, M., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Cea del Pozo, E., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Delgado Mendez, C., Diago Ortega, A., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Höhne Mönch, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Jogler, T., Klepser, S., Krähenbühl, T., Kranich, D., Krause, J., La Barbera, A., Leonardo, E., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Orito, R., Oya, I., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez Torres, M. A., Persic, M., Peruzzo, L., Pochon, J., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puchades, N., Puljak, I., Reichardt, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rissi, M., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Sánchez Conde, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shayduk, M., Shore, S. N., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Strah, N., Struebig, J. C., Suric, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Torres, D. F., Vankov, H., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zabalza, V., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Paneque, D., and Hayashida, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, law.invention, Raigs gamma, Spitzer Space Telescope, law, GAMMA-RAY EMISSION, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS, X-RAY, RADIATION, BLAZAR, PERFORMANCE, EVOLUTION, ASTRONOMY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], Synchrotron, galaxies [X-rays], BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 501 = VER J1653+397) — galaxies: active — gamma rays: observations — radiation mechanisms: non-thermal — X-rays: galaxies, bl lacertae objects: individual (markarian 501=ver j1653+397), active [galaxies], Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Active galactic nucleus, gamma ray astronomy, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Photon energy, gamma rays: galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, galaxie [gamma rays], Blazar, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 501 {\amp}equals VER J1653+397, X-rays: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, individual: Markarian 501 {\amp}equals VER J1653+397 [BL Lacertae objects], Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, ddc:520, Order of magnitude, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) blazar Markarian 501 has a well-studied history of extreme spectral variability and is an excellent laboratory for studying the physical processes within the jets of active galactic nuclei. However, there are few detailed multiwavelength studies of Markarian 501 during its quiescent state, due to its low luminosity. A short-term multiwavelength study of Markarian 501 was coordinated in March 2009, focusing around a multi-day observation with the Suzaku X-ray satellite and including {\gamma}-ray data from VERITAS, MAGIC, and the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope with the goal of providing a well-sampled multiwavelength baseline measurement of Markarian 501 in the quiescent state. The results of these quiescent-state observations are compared to the historically extreme outburst of April 16, 1997, with the goal of examining variability of the spectral energy distribution between the two states. The derived broadband spectral energy distribution shows the characteristic double-peaked profile. We find that the X-ray peak shifts by over two orders of magnitude in photon energy between the two flux states while the VHE peak varies little. The limited shift in the VHE peak can be explained by the transition to the Klein-Nishina regime. Synchrotron self-Compton models are matched to the data and the implied Klein-Nishina effects are explored., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 25 pages, 6 figures, corresponding authors: Daniel Gall daniel-d-gall@uiowa.edu and Wei Cui cui@purdue.edu
Published: 2011
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7. The 2010 very high energy γ-ray flare and 10 years of multi-wavelength observations of M 87

Author: Abramowski, A[, 1, 20, ], Acero, F[ 2 ], Aharonian, F[, 3, 5 ], 4, Akhperjanian, Ag[, 5, 6, ], Anton, G[ 7 ], Balzer, A[ 7 ], Barnacka, A[, 8, 9, ], de Almeida, UB[ 10 ], Becherini, Y[, 11, 12, ], Becker, J[ 13 ], Behera, B[ 14 ], Bernlohr, K[, 3, 15, ], Birsin, E[ 15 ], Biteau, J[ 12 ], Bochow, A[ 3 ], Boisson, C[ 16 ], Bolmont, J[ 17 ], Bordas, P[ 18 ], Brucker, J[ 7 ], Brun, F[ 12 ], Brun, P[ 9 ], Bulik, T[ 19 ], Busching, I[, 13, Carrigan, S[ 3 ], Casanova, S[ 13 ], Cerruti, M[ 16 ], Chadwick, PM[ 10 ], Charbonnier, A[ 17 ], Chaves, RCG[ 3 ], Cheesebrough, A[ 10 ], Clapson, AC[ 3 ], Coignet, G[ 21 ], Cologna, G[ 14 ], Conrad, J[ 22 ], Dalton, M[ 15 ], Daniel, MK[ 10 ], Davids, ID[ 23 ], Degrange, B[ 12 ], Deil, C[ 3 ], Dickinson, HJ[ 22 ], Djannati Atai, A[ 11 ], Domainko, W[ 3 ], Drury, LO[ 4 ], Dubus, G[ 24 ], Dutson, K[ 25 ], Dyks, J[ 8 ], Dyrda, M[ 26 ], Egberts, K[ 27 ], Eger, P[ 7 ], Espigat, P[ 11 ], Fallon, L[ 4 ], Farnier, C[ 2 ], Fegan, S[ 12 ], Feinstein, F[ 2 ], Fernandes, MV[ 1 ], Fiasson, A[ 21 ], Fontaine, G[ 12 ], Forster, A[ 3 ], Fussling, M[ 15 ], Gallant, YA[ 2 ], Gast, H[ 3 ], Gerard, L[ 11 ], Gerbig, D[ 13 ], Giebels, B[ 12 ], Glicenstein, JF[ 9 ], Gluck, B[ 7 ], Goret, P[ 9 ], Goring, D[ 7 ], Haffner, S[ 7 ], Hague, JD[ 3 ], Hampf, D[ 1 ], Hauser, M[ 14 ], Heinz, S[ 7 ], Heinzelmann, G[ 1 ], Henri, G[ 24 ], Hermann, G[ 3 ], Hinton, JA[ 25 ], Hoffmann, A[ 18 ], Hofmann, W[ 3 ], Hofverberg, P[ 3 ], Holler, M[ 7 ], Horns, D[ 1 ], Jacholkowska, A[ 17 ], de Jager, OC[ 20 ], Jahn, C[ 7 ], Jamrozy, M[ 28 ], Jung, I[ 7 ], Kastendieck, MA[ 1 ], Katarzynski, K[ 29 ], Katz, U[ 7 ], Kaufmann, S[ 14 ], Keogh, D[ 10 ], Khangulyan, D[ 3 ], Khelifi, B[ 12 ], Klochkov, D[ 18 ], Kluzniak, W[ 8 ], Kneiske, T[ 1 ], Komin, N[ 21 ], Kosack, K[ 9 ], Kossakowski, R[ 21 ], Laffon, H[ 12 ], Lamanna, G[ 21 ], Lennarz, D[ 3 ], Lohse, T[ 15 ], Lopatin, A[ 7 ], CC[ 3 ], Lu, Marandon, V[ 11 ], Marcowith, A[ 2 ], Masbou, J[ 21 ], Maurin, D[ 17 ], Maxted, N[ 30 ], Mayer, M[ 7 ], Mccomb, TJL[ 10 ], Medina, MC[ 9 ], Mehault, J[ 2 ], Moderski, R[ 8 ], Moulin, E[ 9 ], Naumann, CL[ 17 ], Naumann Godo, M[ 9 ], de Naurois, M[ 12 ], Nedbal, D[ 31 ], Nekrassov, D[ 3 ], Nguyen, N[ 1 ], Nicholas, B[ 30 ], Niemiec, J[ 26 ], Nolan, SJ[ 10 ], Ohm, S[, 3, 32, ], Wilhelmi, ED[ 3 ], Opitz, B[ 1 ], Ostrowski, M[ 28 ], Oya, I[ 15 ], Panter, M[ 3 ], Arribas, MP[ 15 ], Pedaletti, G[ 14 ], Pelletier, G[ 24 ], Petrucci, PO[ 24 ], Pita, S[ 11 ], Puhlhofer, G[ 18 ], Punch, M[ 11 ], Quirrenbach, A[ 14 ], Raue, M[ 1 ], Rayner, SM[ 10 ], Reimer, A[ 27 ], Reimer, O[ 27 ], Renaud, M[ 2 ], de los Reyes, R[ 3 ], Rieger, F[ 3 ], Ripken, J[ 22 ], Rob, L[ 31 ], Rosier Lees, S[ 21 ], Rowell, G[ 30 ], Rudak, B[ 8 ], Rulten, CB[ 10 ], Ruppel, J[ 13 ], Sahakian, V[, 5, Sanchez, DA[ 3 ], Santangelo, A[ 18 ], Schlickeiser, R[ 13 ], Schock, FM[ 7 ], Schulz, A[ 7 ], Schwanke, U[ 15 ], Schwarzburg, S[ 18 ], Schwemmer, S[ 14 ], Sheidaei, F[, 11, Skilton, JL[ 3 ], Sol, H[ 16 ], Spengler, G[ 15 ], Stawarz, L[ 28 ], Steenkamp, R[ 23 ], Stegmann, C[ 7 ], Stinzing, F[ 7 ], Stycz, K[ 7 ], Sushch, I[ 15 ], Szostek, A[ 28 ], Tavernet, JP[ 17 ], Terrier, R[ 11 ], Tluczykont, M[ 1 ], Valerius, K[ 7 ], van Eldik, C[ 3 ], Vasileiadis, G[ 2 ], Venter, C[ 20 ], Vialle, JP[ 21 ], Viana, A[ 9 ], Vincent, P[ 17 ], Volk, HJ[ 3 ], Volpe, F[ 3 ], Vorobiov, S[ 2 ], Vorster, M[ 20 ], Wagner, SJ[ 14 ], Ward, M[ 10 ], White, R[ 25 ], Wierzcholska, A[ 28 ], Zacharias, M[ 13 ], Zajczyk, A[, 2, 8, ], Zdziarski, AA[ 8 ], Zech, A[ 16 ], Zechlin, HS[ 1 ], Aleksic, J[ 33 ], Antonelli, LA[ 34 ], Antoranz, P[, 35, 36, ], Backes, M[ 37 ], Barrio, JA[ 38 ], Bastieri, D[, 39, 40, ], Gonzalez, JB[ 41 ], Bednarek, W[ 42 ], Berdyugin, A[ 43 ], Berger, K[ 41 ], Bernardini, E[ 44 ], Biland, A[ 45 ], Blanch, O[ 33 ], Bock, RK[ 46 ], Boller, A[ 45 ], Bonnoli, G[ 34 ], Tridon, DB[ 46 ], Braun, I[ 45 ], Bretz, T[ 47 ], Canellas, A[ 48 ], Carmona, E[ 46 ], Carosi, A[ 34 ], Colin, P[ 46 ], Colombo, E[ 41 ], Contreras, JL[ 38 ], Cortina, J[ 33 ], Cossio, L[, 49, 50, ], Covino, S[ 34 ], Dazzi, F, DE ANGELIS, Alessandro, del Pozo, Ed, DE LOTTO, Barbara, Mendez, CD[ 41 ], Ortega, AD[ 41 ], Doert, M[ 37 ], Dominguez, A[ 52 ], Prester, Dd[, 53, 54, ], Dorner, D[ 45 ], Doro, M[ 55 ], Elsaesser, D[ 47 ], Ferenc, D[, 53, Fonseca, MV[ 38 ], Font, L[ 55 ], Fruck, C[ 46 ], Lopez, RJG[ 41 ], Garczarczyk, M[ 41 ], Garrido, D[ 55 ], Giavitto, G[ 33 ], Godinovic, N[, 53, Hadasch, D[ 51 ], Hafner, D[ 46 ], Herrero, A[ 41 ], Hildebrand, D[ 45 ], Hohne Monch, D[ 47 ], Hose, J[ 46 ], Hrupec, Huber, B[ 45 ], Jogler, T[ 46 ], Klepser, S[ 33 ], Krahenbuhl, T[ 45 ], Krause, J[ 46 ], La Barbera, A[ 34 ], Lelas, Leonardo, E[, 35, Lindfors, E[ 43 ], Lombardi, S[, 39, Lopez, M[ 38 ], Lorenz, E[ 45 ], Makariev, M[ 56 ], Maneva, G[ 56 ], Mankuzhiyil, N[, 49, Mannheim, K[ 47 ], Maraschi, L[ 34 ], Mariotti, M[, 39, Martinez, M[ 33 ], Mazin, D[ 33 ], Meucci, M[, 35, Miranda, Jm[, 35, Mirzoyan, R[ 46 ], Miyamoto, H[ 46 ], Moldon, J[ 48 ], Moralejo, A[ 33 ], Munar, P[ 48 ], Nieto, D[ 38 ], Nilsson, K[ 43 ], Orito, R[ 46 ], Oya, I[ 38 ], Paneque, D[ 46 ], Paoletti, R[, 35, Pardo, S[ 38 ], Paredes, JM[ 48 ], Partini, S[, 35, Pasanen, M[ 43 ], Pauss, F[ 45 ], Perez Torres, MA[ 33 ], Persic, M[, 49, Peruzzo, L[, 39, Pilia, M[ 57 ], Pochon, J[ 41 ], Prada, F[ 52 ], Moroni, Pgp[, 58, 59, ], Prandini, E[, 39, Puljak, I[, 53, Reichardt, I[ 33 ], Reinthal, R[ 43 ], Rhode, W[ 37 ], Ribo, M[ 48 ], Rico, J[ 60 ], Rugamer, S[ 47 ], Saggion, A[, 39, Saito, K[ 46 ], Saito, TY[ 46 ], Salvati, M[ 34 ], Satalecka, K[ 44 ], Scalzotto, V[, 39, Scapin, V[ 38 ], Schultz, C[, 39, Schweizer, T[ 46 ], Shayduk, M[ 46 ], Shore, Sn[, 58, Sillanpaa, A[ 43 ], Sitarek, J[ 42 ], Sobczynska, D[ 42 ], Spanier, F[ 47 ], Spiro, S[ 34 ], Stamerra, A[, 35, Steinke, B[ 46 ], Storz, J[ 47 ], Strah, N[ 37 ], Suric, T[, 53, Takalo, L[ 43 ], Takami, H[ 46 ], Tavecchio, F[ 34 ], Temnikov, P[ 56 ], Terzic, Tescaro, D[, 58, Teshima, M[ 46 ], Thom, M[ 37 ], Tibolla, O[ 47 ], Torres, DF[ 60 ], Treves, A[ 57 ], Vankov, H[ 56 ], Vogler, P[ 45 ], Wagner, RM[ 46 ], Weitzel, Q[ 45 ], Zabalza, V[ 48 ], Zandanel, F[ 52 ], Zanin, R[ 33 ], Arlen, T, Aune, T[, 62, 63, ], Beilicke, M[ 64 ], Benbow, W[ 65 ], Bouvier, A[, 62, Bradbury, SM[ 32 ], Buckley, JH[ 64 ], Bugaev, V[ 64 ], Byrum, K[ 66 ], Cannon, A[ 67 ], Cesarini, A[ 68 ], Ciupik, L[ 69 ], Connolly, MP[ 68 ], Cui, W[ 70 ], Dickherber, R[ 64 ], Duke, C[ 71 ], Errando, M[ 72 ], Falcone, A[ 73 ], Finley, JP[ 70 ], Finnegan, G[ 74 ], Fortson, L[ 75 ], Furniss, Galante, N[ 65 ], Gall, D[ 76 ], Godambe, S[ 74 ], Griffin, S[ 77 ], Grube, J[ 69 ], Gyuk, G[ 69 ], Hanna, D[ 77 ], Holder, J[, 78, 79, ], Huan, H[ 80 ], Hui, CM[ 74 ], Kaaret, P[ 76 ], Karlsson, N[ 75 ], Kertzman, M[ 81 ], Khassen, Y[ 67 ], Kieda, D[ 74 ], Krawczynski, H[ 64 ], Krennrich, F[ 82 ], Lang, MJ[ 68 ], Lebohec, S[ 74 ], Maier, G[ 83 ], Mcarthur, S[ 64 ], Mccann, A[ 77 ], Moriarty, P[ 84 ], Mukherjee, R[ 72 ], Nunez, PD[ 74 ], Ong, RA[ 61 ], Orr, M[ 82 ], Otte, An[, 62, Park, N[ 80 ], Perkins, Js[, 85, 87, ], Pichel, A[ 88 ], Pohl, M[, 83, 89, ], Prokoph, H[ 83 ], Ragan, K[ 77 ], Reyes, LC[ 80 ], Reynolds, PT[ 90 ], Roache, E[ 65 ], Rose, HJ[ 32 ], Ruppel, J[, 83, Schroedter, M[ 65 ], Sembroski, GH[ 70 ], Senturk, GD[ 72 ], Telezhinsky, I[, 83, Tesic, G[ 77 ], Theiling, M[ 65 ], Thibadeau, S[ 64 ], Varlotta, A[ 70 ], Vassiliev, VV[ 61 ], Vivier, M[, 78, Wakely, SP[ 80 ], Weekes, TC[ 65 ], Williams, Da[, 62, Zitzer, B[ 70 ], de Almeida, UB[ 46 ], Cara, M[ 91 ], Casadio, C[, 52, 92, ], Cheung, CC[ 93 ], Mcconville, W[, 94, 96, ], Davies, F[ 97 ], Doi, A[ 98 ], Giovannini, G[, 92, 99, ], Giroletti, M[ 92 ], Hada, 100, K[, 101, ], Hardee, P[ 102 ], Harris, DE[ 103 ], Junor, W[ 104 ], Kino, M[ 101 ], Lee, NP[ 103 ], C[ 105 ], Ly, Madrid, J[ 106 ], Massaro, F[ 103 ], Mundell, CG[ 107 ], Nagai, H[ 101 ], Perlman, ES[ 91 ], Steele, IA[ 107 ], Walker, RC[ 108 ], Wood, Dl, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HESS, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), APC - Astrophysique des Hautes Energies (APC - AHE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abramowski A., Acero F., Aharonian F., Akhperjanian A. G., Anton G., Balzer A., Barnacka A., Barres de Almeida U., Becherini Y., Becker J., Giovannini G., and and 436 coauthors.
Subjects: High energy, UNIFIED SCHEMES, Radio galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], VHE [gamma ray], jets [galaxies], nuclei [galaxies], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, law.invention, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE, RADIO GALAXY M87, BASE-LINE ARRAY, TEV EMISSION, CRAB-NEBULA, SCALE JETS, INNER JET, Raigs gamma, law, HESS, flux [gamma ray], black hole, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], flux [X-ray], Gamma ray, radioastronomia, non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], active [galaxies], galaxies [gamma rays], VERITAS, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Flare, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxies: individual (M 87), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, radio wave [galaxy], galaxies: active, gamma rays: observations, galaxies: jets, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, gamma ray astronomy, Cosmic rays, IMAGING CHERENKOV DETECTOR, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], individual: M 87 [galaxies], emission [gamma ray], 0103 physical sciences, gamma rays: galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, galaxies: active , galaxies: individual (M 87) , galaxies: jets , galaxies: nuclei , gamma rays: galaxies , radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Galaxies, MAGIC, Galàxies, Black hole, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, time dependence, galaxies: nuclei, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: 著者人数: 444名, Accepted: 2011-11-18, 資料番号: SA1003024000
Published: 2012
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8. SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF MARKARIAN 421 DURING OUTBURST

Author: Acciari, Va, Aliu, E, Aune, T, Beilicke, M, Benbow, W, Bottcher, M, Bradbury, Sm, Buckley, Jh, Bugaev, V, Butt, Y, Cannon, A, Celik, O, Cesarini, A, Chow, Yc, Ciupik, L, Cogan, P, Colin, P, Cui, W, Dickherber, R, Duke, C, Falcone, Ad, Fegan, Sj, Finley, Jp, Finnegan, G, Fortin, P, Fortson, L, Furniss, A, Gall, D, Gillanders, Gh, Grube, J, Guenette, R, Gyuk, G, Hanna, D, Holder, J, Horan, D, Hui, Cm, Humensky, Tb, Kaaret, P, Karlsson, N, Kertzman, M, Kieda, D, Kildea, J, Konopelko, A, Krawczynski, H, Krennrich, F, Lang, Mj, Lebohec, S, Maier, G, Mccann, A, Millis, J, Moriarty, P, Ong, Ra, Otte, An, Pandel, D, Perkins, Js, Pichel, A, Pohl, M, Quinn, J, Ragan, K, Reyes, Lc, Reynolds, Pt, Roache, E, Rose, Hj, Schroedter, M, Sembroski, Gh, Smith, Aw, Steele, D, Swordy, Sp, Theiling, M, Toner, Ja, Varlotta, A, Vincent, S, Wakely, Sp, Ward, Je, Weekes, Tc, Weinstein, A, Weisgarber, T, Williams, Da, Wissel, S, Zitzer, B, Perez, Id, Ibarra, A, Anderhub, Prh, Antonelli, La, Antoranz, P, Backes, M, Baixeras, C, Balestra, S, Barrio, Ja, Bastieri, D, Gonzalez, Jb, Becker, Jk, Bednarek, W, Berger, K, Bernardini, E, Biland, A, Bock, Rk, Bonnoli, G, Bordas, P, Tridon, Db, Bosch Ramon, V, Bose, D, Braun, I, Bretz, T, Britvitch, I, Camara, M, Carmona, E, Carosi, A, Commichau, S, Contreras, Jl, Cortina, J, Costado, Mt, Covino, S, Curtef, V, Dazzi, F, DE ANGELIS, Alessandro, Del Pozo ED, Mendez, Cd, De Los Reyes, R, DE LOTTO, Barbara, De Maria, M, De Sabata, F, Dominguez, A, Dorner, D, Doro, M, Elsaesser, D, Errando, M, Ferenc, D, Fernandez, E, Firpo, R, Fonseca, Mv, Font, L, Galante, N, Lopez, Rj, Garczarczyk, M, Gaug, M, Goebel, F, Hadasch, D, Hayashida, M, Herrero, A, Hildebrand, D, Hohne Monch, D, Hose, J, Hsu, Cc, Jogler, T, Kranich, D, La Barbera, A, Laille, A, Leonardo, E, Lindfors, E, Lombardi, S, Longo, F, Lopez, M, Lorenz, E, Majumdar, P, Maneva, G, Mankuzhiyil, N, Mannheim, K, Maraschi, L, Mariotti, M, Martinez, M, Mazin, D, Meucci, M, Miranda, Jm, Mirzoyan, R, Miyamoto, H, Moldon, J, Moles, M, Moralejo, A, Nieto, D, Nilsson, K, Ninkovic, J, Orito, R, Oya, I, Paoletti, R, Paredes, Jm, Pasanen, M, Pascoli, D, Pauss, F, Pegna, Rg, Perez Torres MA, Persic, M, Peruzzo, L, Prada, F, Prandini, E, Puchades, N, Reichardt, I, Rhode, W, Ribo, M, Rico, J, Rissi, M, Robert, A, Rugamer, S, Saggion, A, Saito, Ty, Salvati, M, Sanchez Conde, M, Satalecka, K, Scalzotto, V, Scapin, V, Schweizer, T, Shayduk, M, Shore, Sn, Sidro, N, Sierpowska Bartosik, A, Silanpaa, A, Sitarek, J, Sobczynska, D, Spanier, F, Spiro, S, Stamerra, A, Stark, Ls, Takalo, L, Tavecchio, F, Temnikov, P, Tescaro, D, Teshima, M, Tluczykont, M, Torres, Df, Turini, N, Vankov, H, Wagner, Rm, Zabalza, V, Zandanel, F, Zanin, R, Zapatero, J., V. A., Acciari, E., Aliu, T., Aune, M., Beilicke, W., Benbow, M., Bottcher, S. M., Bradbury, J. H., Buckley, V., Bugaev, Y., Butt, A., Cannon, O., Celik, A., Cesarini, Y. C., Chow, L., Ciupik, P., Cogan, P., Colin, W., Cui, R., Dickherber, C., Duke, A. D., Falcone, S. J., Fegan, J. P., Finley, G., Finnegan, P., Fortin, L., Fortson, A., Furni, D., Gall, G. H., Gillander, J., Grube, R., Guenette, G., Gyuk, D., Hanna, J., Holder, D., Horan, C. M., Hui, T. B., Humensky, P., Kaaret, N., Karlsson, M., Kertzman, D., Kieda, J., Kildea, A., Konopelko, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, M. J., Lang, S., Lebohec, G., Maier, A., Mccann, J., Milli, P., Moriarty, R. A., Ong, A. N., Otte, D., Pandel, J. S., Perkin, A., Pichel, M., Pohl, J., Quinn, K., Ragan, L. C., Reye, P. T., Reynold, E., Roache, H. J., Rose, M., Schroedter, G. H., Sembroski, A. W., Smith, D., Steele, S. P., Swordy, M., Theiling, J. A., Toner, A., Varlotta, S., Vincent, S. P., Wakely, J. E., Ward, T. C., Weeke, A., Weinstein, T., Weisgarber, D. A., William, S., Wissel, B., Zitzer, I. D., Perez, A., Ibarra, P. R. H., Anderhub, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, J. K., Becker, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, D., Bose, I., Braun, T., Bretz, I., Britvitch, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Carosi, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, V., Curtef, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., Del Pozo, C. D., Mendez, R. D., Los Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, A., Dominguez, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, E., Fernandez, R., Firpo, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, N., Galante, R. J., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, F., Goebel, D., Hadasch, M., Hayashida, A., Herrero, D., Hildebrand, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, C. C., Hsu, T., Jogler, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, Longo, Francesco, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, H., Miyamoto, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, R., Orito, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, I., Reichardt, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, A., Robert, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, S. N., Shore, N., Sidro, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Silanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, S., Spiro, A., Stamerra, L. S., Stark, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, D. F., Torre, N., Turini, H., Vankov, R. M., Wagner, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, J., Zapatero, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: bl lacertae objects: individual (markarian 421), 01 natural sciences, law.invention, ENERGY, Raigs gamma, ACTIVE GALAXY MARKARIAN-421, law, Observacions astronòmiques, RAY SPECTRAL VARIABILITY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, MAGIC telescope, Active Galactic Nuclei, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, CORRELATED VARIABILITY, TEV PHOTONS, Wavelength, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomical observations, GALACTIC NUCLEI, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, Blazar, x-rays: galaxies, XMM-NEWTON, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, GAMMA-RAYS, Astronomy, Spectral density, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Galaxies, Galàxies, MAGIC TELESCOPE, RADIATION, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Satellite, gamma rays: observations
Abstract: We report on the results of two coordinated multiwavelength campaigns that focused on the blazar Markarian 421 during its 2006 and 2008 outbursts. These campaigns obtained UV and X-ray data using the XMM-Newton satellite, while the gamma-ray data were obtained utilizing three imaging atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes, the Whipple 10m telescope and VERITAS, both based in Arizona, as well as the MAGIC telescope, based on La Palma in the Canary Islands. The coordinated effort between the gamma-ray groups allowed for truly simultaneous data in UV/X-ray/gamma-ray wavelengths during a significant portion of the XMM-Newton observations. This simultaneous coverage allowed for a reliable search for correlations between UV, X-ray and gamma-ray variability over the course of the observations. Investigations of spectral hysteresis and modeling of the spectral energy distributions are also presented., Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2009
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9. Veritas observations of the gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303

Author: Acciari, V. A., Beilicke, M., Blaylock, G., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Butt, Y., Byrum, K. L., Celik, O., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Chow, Y. C. K., Cogan, P., Colin, P., Cui, W., Daniel, M. K., Duke, C., Ergin, T., Falcone, A. D., Fegan, S. J., Finley, J. P., Fortin, P., Fortson, L. F., Gall, D., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Hanna, D., Hays, E., Holder, J., Horan, D., Hughes, S. B., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Kieda, D. B., Kildea, J., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., LeBohec, S., Lee, K., Maier, G., McCann, A., McCutcheon, M., Millis, J., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nagai, T., Ong, R. A., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pizlo, F., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Rose, H. J., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Toner, J. A., Valcarcel, L., Vassiliev, V. V., Wagner, R., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., White, R. J., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S. A., Wood, M., and Zitzer, B.
Subjects: acceleration of particles, binaries : general, gamma rays, observations, stars : individual (LS I+61 303), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: LS I +61 303 is one of only a few high-mass X-ray binaries currently detected at high significance in very high energy gamma-rays. The system was observed over several orbital cycles ( between 2006 September and 2007 February) with the VERITAS array of imaging air Cerenkov telescopes. A signal of gamma-rays with energies above 300 GeV is found with a statistical significance of 8.4 standard deviations. The detected flux is measured to be strongly variable; the maximum flux is found during most orbital cycles at apastron. The energy spectrum for the period of maximum emission can be characterized by a power law with a photon index of Gamma = 2.40 +/- 0.16(stat) +/- 0.2(sys) and a flux above 300 GeV corresponding to 15% - 20% of the flux from the Crab Nebula.
Published: 2008

10. Observation of gamma-ray emission from the galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS

Author: Acciari, V. A., Beilicke, M., Blaylock, G., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Butt, Y., Celik, O., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cogan, P., Colin, P., Cui, W., Daniel, M. K., Duke, C., Ergin, T., Falcone, A. D., Fegan, S. J., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortin, P., Fortson, L. F., Gibbs, K., Gillanders, G. H., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Hays, E., Holder, J., Horan, D., Hughes, S. B., Hui, M. C., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D. B., Kildea, J., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., LeBohec, S., Lee, K., Maier, G., McCann, A., McCutcheon, M., Millis, J., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Nagai, T., Ong, R. A., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Rose, H. J., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Syson, A., Toner, J. A., Valcarcel, L., Vassiliev, V. V., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., White, R. J., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S. A., Wood, M. D., and Zitzer, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies : individual (M87, NGC 4486, Virgo A), gamma rays, observations, Astronomy & Astrophysics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The multiwavelength observation of the nearby radio galaxy M87 provides a unique opportunity to study in detail processes occurring in active galactic nuclei from radio waves to TeV gamma-rays. Here we report the detection of gamma-ray emission above 250 GeV from M87 in spring 2007 with the VERITAS atmospheric Cerenkov telescope array and discuss its correlation with the X-ray emission. The gamma-ray emission is measured to be pointlike with an intrinsic source radius less than 4.5'. The differential energy spectrum is fitted well by a power-law function: d Phi/dE = (7.4 +/- 1.3(stat) +/- 1.5(sys))(E/TeV)((-2.31 +/- 0.17stat +/- 0.2sys)) 10(-9) m(-2) s(-1) TeV-1. We show strong evidence for a year-scale correlation between the gamma-ray flux reported by TeV experiments and the X-ray emission measured by the ASM RXTE observatory, and discuss the possible short-timescale variability. These results imply that the gamma-ray emission from M87 is more likely associated with the core of the galaxy than with other bright X-ray features in the jet.
Published: 2008

11. Discovery of very high energy gamma rays from 1ES 1440+122.

Author: Archambault, S., Archer, A., Barnacka, A., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Böttcher, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., 2, Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Christiansen, J. L., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., and Cui, W.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, BL Lacertae objects, ASTRONOMICAL observations, CHERENKOV radiation, PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), REDSHIFT
Abstract: The BL Lacertae object 1ES 1440+122 was observed in the energy range from 85 GeV to 30 TeV by the VERITAS array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The observations, taken between 2008 May and 2010 June and totalling 53 h, resulted in the discovery of γ -ray emission from the blazar, which has a redshift z = 0.163. 1ES 1440+122 is detected at a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations above the background with an integral flux of (2.8 ± 0.7stat ± 0.8sys) × 10-12 cm-2 s-1 (1.2 per cent of the Crab Nebula's flux) above 200 GeV. The measured spectrum is described well by a power law from 0.2 to 1.3 TeV with a photon index of 3.1 ± 0.4stat ± 0.2sys. Quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (0.3-300 GeV) and the Swift X-ray Telescope (0.2- 10 keV) are additionally used to model the properties of the emission region. A synchrotron self-Compton model produces a good representation of the multiwavelength data. Adding an external-Compton or a hadronic component also adequately describes the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2016
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12. Status of the VERITAS Observatory.

Author: Holder, J., Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Butt, Y., Byrum, K. L., Cannon, A., Celik, O., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Chow, Y. C. K., Cogan, P., Colin, P., Cui, W., and Daniel, M. K.
Subjects: OBSERVATORIES, CHERENKOV radiation, GAMMA rays, ASTRONOMY, GAMMA ray sources, RADIATION sources
Abstract: VERITAS, an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) system for gammma-ray astronomy in the GeV-TeV range, has recently completed its first season of observations with a full array of four telescopes. A number of astrophysical gamma-ray sources have been detected, both galactic and extragalactic, including sources previously unknown at TeV energies. We describe the status of the array and some highlight results, and assess the technical performance, sensitivity and shower reconstruction capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2008
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13. OBSERVATIONS OF THE UNIDENTIFIED GAMMA-RAY SOURCE TeV J2032+4130 BY VERITAS.

Author: Aliu, E., Aune, T., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Duke, C., Dumm, J., Errando, M., Falcone, A., and Federici, S.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, GAMMA ray sources, PULSARS, SUPERNOVA remnants, STANDARD deviations, GALACTIC X-ray sources
Abstract: TeV J2032+4130 was the first unidentified source discovered at very high energies (VHEs; E > 100 GeV), with no obvious counterpart in any other wavelength. It is also the first extended source to be observed in VHE gamma rays. Following its discovery, intensive observational campaigns have been carried out in all wavelengths in order to understand the nature of the object, which have met with limited success. We report here on a deep observation of TeV J2032+4130 based on 48.2 hr of data taken from 2009 to 2012 by the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System experiment. The source is detected at 8.7 standard deviations (σ) and is found to be extended and asymmetric with a width of 9.′5 ± 1.′2 along the major axis and 4.′0 ± 0.′5 along the minor axis. The spectrum is well described by a differential power law with an index of 2.10 ± 0.14stat ± 0.21sys and a normalization of (9.5 ± 1.6stat ± 2.2sys) × 10–13 TeV–1 cm–2 s–1 at 1 TeV. We interpret these results in the context of multiwavelength scenarios which particularly favor the pulsar wind nebula interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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14. LONG-TERM TeV AND X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE GAMMA-RAY BINARY HESS J0632+057.

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Aune, T., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Bouvier, A., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Duke, C., Dumm, J., and Errando, M.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, BINARY stars, SPACE telescopes, ASTRONOMICAL spectroscopy, LIGHT curves
Abstract: HESS J0632+057 is the only gamma-ray binary known so far whose position in the sky allows observations with ground-based observatories in both the northern and southern hemispheres. Here we report on long-term observations of HESS J0632+057 conducted with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System and High Energy Stereoscopic System Cherenkov telescopes and the X-ray satellite Swift, spanning a time range from 2004 to 2012 and covering most of the system's orbit. The very-high-energy (VHE) emission is found to be variable and is correlated with that at X-ray energies. An orbital period of days is derived from the X-ray data set, which is compatible with previous results, P = (321 ± 5) days. The VHE light curve shows a distinct maximum at orbital phases close to 0.3, or about 100 days after periastron passage, which coincides with the periodic enhancement of the X-ray emission. Furthermore, the analysis of the TeV data shows for the first time a statistically significant (>6.5σ) detection at orbital phases 0.6-0.9. The obtained gamma-ray and X-ray light curves and the correlation of the source emission at these two energy bands are discussed in the context of the recent ephemeris obtained for the system. Our results are compared to those reported for other gamma-ray binaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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15. LONG TERM OBSERVATIONS OF B2 1215+30 WITH VERITAS.

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Bouvier, A., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Federici, S., Feng, Q., and Finley, J. P.
Subjects: SUN, SOLAR chromosphere, STELLAR chromospheres, SOLAR flares, GAMMA rays
Abstract: We report on VERITAS observations of the BL Lac object B2 1215+30 between 2008 and 2012. During this period, the source was detected at very high energies (VHEs; E > 100 GeV) by VERITAS with a significance of 8.9σ and showed clear variability on timescales larger than months. In 2011, the source was found to be in a relatively bright state and a power-law fit to the differential photon spectrum yields a spectral index of 3.6 ± 0.4stat ± 0.3syst with an integral flux above 200 GeV of (8.0 ± 0.9stat ± 3.2syst) × 10–12 cm–2 s–1. No short term variability could be detected during the bright state in 2011. Multi-wavelength data were obtained contemporaneously with the VERITAS observations in 2011 and cover optical (Super-LOTIS, MDM, Swift/UVOT), X-ray (Swift/XRT), and gamma-ray (Fermi-LAT) frequencies. These were used to construct the spectral energy distribution (SED) of B2 1215+30. A one-zone leptonic model is used to model the blazar emission and the results are compared to those of MAGIC from early 2011 and other VERITAS-detected blazars. The SED can be reproduced well with model parameters typical for VHE-detected BL Lac objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
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16. DISCOVERY OF TeV GAMMA-RAY EMISSION TOWARD SUPERNOVA REMNANT SNR G78.2+2.1.

Author: ALIU, E., ARCHAMBAULT, S., ARLEN, T., AUNE, T., BEILICKE, M., BENBOW, W., BIRD, R., BOUVIER, A., BRADBURY, S. M., BUCKLEY, J. H., BUGAEV, V., BYRUM, K., CANNON, A., CESARINI, A., CIUPIK, L., COLLINS-HUGHES, E., CONNOLLY, M. P., CUI, W., DICKHERBER, R., and DUKE, C.
Subjects: SUPERNOVA remnants, GAMMA rays, CYGNUS (Constellation), INTERSTELLAR medium, ASTRONOMICAL surveys, COSMIC rays
Abstract: We report the discovery of an unidentified, extended source of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission, VER J2019+407, within the radio shell of the supernova remnant SNR G78.2+2.1, using 21.4 hr of data taken by the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory in 2009. These data confirm the preliminary indications of gamma-ray emission previously seen in a two-year (2007-2009) blind survey of the Cygnus region by VERITAS. VER J2019+407, which is detected at a post-trials significance of 7.5 standard deviations in the 2009 data, is localized to the northwestern rim of the remnant in a region of enhanced radio and X-ray emission. It has an intrinsic extent of 0°.23±0°.03stat-0°.02sys+0°.04 and its spectrum is well-characterized by a differential power law (dN/dE = N0 × (E/TeV)-Γ) with a photon index of Γ = 2.37±0.14stat ±0.20sys and a flux normalization of N0 = 1.5±0.2stat±0.4sys×10-12 photon TeV-1 cm-2 s-1. This yields an integral flux of 5.2±0.8stat±1.4sys×10-12 photon cm-2 s-1 above 320 GeV, corresponding to 3.7% of the Crab Nebula flux. We consider the relationship of the TeV gamma-ray emission with the GeV gamma-ray emission seen from SNR G78.2+2.1 as well as that seen from a nearby cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays. Multiple scenarios are considered as possible origins for the TeV gamma-ray emission, including hadronic particle acceleration at the SNR shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2013
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17. DISCOVERY OF HIGH-ENERGY AND VERY HIGH ENERGY λ-RAY EMISSION FROM THE BLAZAR RBS 0413.

Author: ALIU, E., ARCHAMBAULT, S., ARLEN, T., AUNE, T., BEILICKE, M., BENBOW, W., BÖTTCHER, M., BOUVIER, A., BRADBURY, S. M., BUCKLEY, J. H., BUGAEV, V., BYRUM, K., CANNON, A., CESARINI, A., CIUPIK, L., COLLINS-HUGHES, E., CONNOLLY, M. P., COPPI, P., CUI, W., and DECERPRIT, G.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, PHOTONS, SPECTRUM analysis, HADRONIC atoms, NEBULA spectra
Abstract: We report on the discovery of high-energy (HE; E > 0.1 GeV) and very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) γ-ray emission from the high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object RBS 0413. VERITAS, a ground-based γ-ray observatory detected VHE γ rays from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of 5.5 standard deviations (σ) and a γ-ray flux of (1.5 ± 0.6stat ± 0.7syst) x 10-18 photonsm-2s-1 (~1% of the Crab Nebula flux) above 250 GeV. The observed spectrum can be described by a power law with a photon index of 3.18 ± 0.68stat ± 0.30syst. Contemporaneou observations with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected HE γ ray from RBS 0413 with a statistical significance of more than 9σ, a power-law photon index of 1.57 ± 0.12+0.11stat-0.12sys and a γ-ray flux between 300 MeV and 300 GeV of (1.64 ± 0.43+0.31stat-0.22sys) x 10-5 photons m-2 s-1. We present the results from Fermi-LAT and VERITAS, including a spectral energy distribution modeling of the γ-ray, quasi-simultaneous X-ray (Swift-XRT), ultraviolet (Swift-UVOT), and R-band optical (MDM) data. We find that, if conditions close to equipartition are required, both the combined synchrotron self-Compton/external-Compton and the lepto-hadronic models are preferred over a pure synchrotron self-Compton model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2012
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18. VERITAS OBSERVATIONS OF DAY-SCALE FLARING OF M 87 IN 2010 April.

Author: Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bouvier, A., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Errando, M., and Falcone, A.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, RADIO galaxies, GALAXIES, SPECTRUM analysis, ELECTRONS
Abstract: VERITAS has been monitoring the very-high-energy (VHE; > 100 GeV) gamma-ray activity of the radio galaxy M 87 since 2007. During 2008, flaring activity on a timescale of a few days was observed with a peak flux of (0.70 ± 0.16) × 10 -11 cm -2 s-1 at energies above 350 GeV. In 2010 April, VERITAS detected a flare from M 87 with peak flux of (2.71 ± 0.68) × 10-11 cm-2 s-1 for E > 350 GeV. The source was observed for six consecutive nights during the flare, resulting in a total of 21 hr of good-quality data. The most rapid flux variation occurred on the trailing edge of the flare with an exponential flux decay time of 0.90+0.22-0.15days. The shortest detected exponential rise time is three times as long, at 2.87+1.65-0.99days. The quality of the data sample is such that spectral analysis can be performed for three periods: rising flux, peak flux, and falling flux. The spectra obtained are consistent with power-law forms. The spectral index at the peak of the flare is equal to 2.19 ± 0.07. There is some indication that the spectrum is softer in the falling phase of the flare than the peak phase, with a confidence level corresponding to 3.6 standard deviations. We discuss the implications of these results for the acceleration and cooling rates of VHE electrons in M 87 and the constraints they provide on the physical size of the emitting region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2012
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19. GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE Be/PULSAR BINARY IA 0535+262 DURING A GIANT X-RAY OUTBURST.

Author: ACCIARI, V. A., ALIU, E., ARAYA3, M., ARLEN, T., AUNE, T., BEILICKE, M., BENBOW, W., BRADBURY, S. M., BUCKLEY, J. H., BUGAEV, V., BYRUM, K., CANNON, A., CESARINI, A., CIUPIK, L., COLLINS-HUGHES, E., CUI, W., DICKHERBER, R., DUKE, C., FALCONE, A., and P.^FINLEY, J.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, X-rays, PHOTONS, X-ray telescopes, THERMAL electrons, X-ray binaries
Abstract: Giant X-ray outbursts, with luminosities of about 1037 erg s-1,are observed roughly every five years from the nearby Be/pulsar binary IA 0535+262. In this article, we present observations of the source with VERITAS at very high energies (VHEs; £ >100 GeV) triggered by the X-ray outburst in 2009 December. The observations started shortly after the onset of the outburst and provided comprehensive coverage of the episode, as well as the Ill day binary orbit. No VHE emission is evident at any time. We also examined data from the contemporaneous observations of IA 0535+262 with the Fermi/Large Area Telescope at high-energy photons (E> 0.1 GeV) and failed to detect the source at GeV energies. The X-ray continua measured with the Swift/X-Ray Telescope and the RXTE/PCA can be well described by the combination of blackbody and Comptonized emission from thermal electrons. Therefore, the gamma-ray and X-ray observations suggest the absence of a significant population of non-thermal particles in the system. This distinguishes 1A 0535+262 from those Be X-ray binaries (such as PSR B 1259-63 and LS I +61°303) that have been detected at GeV-TeV energies. We discuss the implications of the results on theoretical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2011
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20. Insights into the High-energy γ-ray Emission of Markarian 501 from Extensive Multifrequency Observations in the Fermi Era

Author: Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, Luca, Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O. ., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., do Couto, e. Silva E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Naumann Godo, M., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, Massimiliano, Readhead, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Richards, J. L., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, L., Stevenson, M., Strickman, M. S., Sokolovsky, K. V., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wehrle, A. E., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Aleksic, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Backes, M., Barrio, J. A., Becerra, Gonzalez J., Bednarek, W., Berdyugin, A., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borla, Tridon D., Bosch Ramon, V., Bose, D., Braun, I., Bretz, T., Camara, M., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Dazzi, F., de Angelis, A., De Cea, del Pozo E., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Delgado, Mendez C., Diago, Ortega A., Doert, M., Dominguez, A., Dominis, Prester D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Garcia, Lopen R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinovi, N., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Hoehne Moench, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Jogler, T., Klepser, S., Kraehenbuehl, T., Kranich, D., Krause, J., La Barbera, A., Leonardo, E., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Lopez, M., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, E., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Moldon, J., Moralejo, A., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Orito, R., Oya, I., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez Torres, M. A., Persic, M., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, J., PRADA MORONI, PIER GIORGIO, Prada, F., Prandini, E., Puchades, N., Puljak, I., Reichardt, T., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribo, M., Rico, J., Rissi, M., Ruegamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shayduk, M., Shore, STEVEN NEIL, Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, A., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Strah, N., Struebig, J. C., Suric, T., Takalo, L. O., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzic, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Vankov, H., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zabalza, V., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Acciari, V. A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Benbow, W., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Huang, D., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R., Otte, N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Rovero, A. C., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. D., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tesic, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Arkharov, A. A., Blinov, D. A., Calcidese, P., Chen, W. P., Efimova, N. V., Kimeridze, G., Konstantinova, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Lahteenmaki, A., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Ligustri, R., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Sigua, L. A., Troitsky, I. S., Angelakis, E., Capalbi, M., Carraminana, A., Carrasco, L., Cassaro, P., de la Fuente, E., Gurwell, M. A., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. u. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Krimm, H. A., Leto, P., Lister, M. L., Maccaferri, G., Moody, J. W., Mori, Y., Nestoras, I., Orlati, A., Pagani, C., Pace, C., Iii, Pearson R., Perri, M., Piner, B. G., Pushkarev, A. B., Ros, E., Sadun, A. C., Sakamoto, T., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., tschke V, Zook A., Raab, Fj, Rabeling, Ds, Racz, I, Radkins, H, Raffai, P, Rakhmanov, M, Ramet, Cr, Rankins, B, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Re, V, Redwine, K, Reed, Cm, Reed, T, Regimbau, T, Reid, S, Reitze, Dh, Ricci, F, Riesen, R, Riles, K, Roberts, P, Robertson, Na, Robinet, F, Robinson, C, Robinson, El, Rocchi, A, Roddy, S, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Romano, Jd, Romano, R, Romie, Jh, Rosinska, D, Rover, C, Rowan, S, Udiger, Ar, Ruggi, P, Ryan, K, Sakata, S, Sakosky, M, Salemi, F, Salit, M, Sammut, L, de la Jordana LS, Sandberg, V, Sannibale, V, Santamaria, L, Santiago Prieto, I, Santostasi, G, Saraf, S, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, Bs, Sato, S, Satterthwaite, M, Saulson, Pr, Savage, R, Schilling, R, Schlamminger, S, Schnabel, R, Schofield, Rms, Schulz, B, Schutz, Bf, Schwinberg, P, Scott, J, Scott, Sm, Searle, Ac, Seifert, F, Sellers, D, Sengupta, As, Sentenac, D, Sergeev, A, Shaddock, Da, Shaltev, M, Shapiro, B, Shawhan, P, Weerathunga, Ts, Shoemaker, Dh, Sibley, A, Siemens, X, Sigg, D, Singer, A, Singer, L, Sintes, Am, Skelton, G, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slutsky, J, Smith, Jr, Smith, Mr, Smith, Nd, Smith, R, Somiya, K, Sorazu, B, Soto, J, Speirits, Fc, Sperandio, L, Stefszky, M, Stein, Aj, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steplewski, S, Stochino, A, Stone, R, Strain, Ka, Strigin, S, Stroeer, As, Sturani, R, Stuver, Al, Summerscales, Tz, Sung, M, Susmithan, S, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, B, Szokoly, Gp, Tacca, M, Talukder, D, Tanner, Db, Tarabrin, Sp, Taylor, Jr, Taylor, R, Thomas, P, Thorne, Ka, Thorne, Ks, Thrane, E, Thuring, A, Titsler, C, Tokmakov, Kv, Toncelli, A, Tonelli, M, Torre, O, Torres, C, Torrie, Ci, Tournefier, E, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Trias, M, Tseng, K, Turner, L, Ugolini, D, Urbanek, K, Vahlbruch, H, Vaishnav, B, Vajente, G, Vallisneri, M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck, C, van der Putten, S, van der Sluys MV, van Veggel AA, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vaulin, R, Vavoulidis, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, Pj, Veltkamp, C, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Villar, Ae, Vinet, Jy, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyachanin, Sp, Waldman, Sj, Wallace, L, Wanner, A, Ward, Rl, Was, M, Wei, P, Weinert, M, Weinstein, Aj, Weiss, R, Wen, L, Wen, S, Wessels, P, West, M, Westphal, T, Wette, K, Whelan, Jt, Whitcomb, Se, White, D, Whiting, Bf, Wilkinson, C, Willems, Pa, Williams, Hr, Williams, L, Willke, B, Winkelmann, L, Winkler, W, Wipf, Cc, Wiseman, Ag, Woan, G, Wooley, R, Worden, J, Yablon, J, Yakushin, I, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yang, H, Yeaton Massey, D, Yoshida, S, Yu, P, Yvert, M, Zanolin, M, Zhang, L, Zhang, Z, Zhao, C, Zotov, N, Zucker, Me, Zweizig, J, Aptekar, Rl, Boynton, Wv, Briggs, Ms, Cline, Tl, Connaughton, V, Frederiks, Dd, Gehrels, N, Goldsten, Jo, Golovin, D, van der Horst AJ, Hurley, Kc, Kaneko, Y, von Kienlin, A, Kouveliotou, C, Krimm, Ha, Lin, L, Mitrofanov, I, Ohno, M, Pal'Shin, Vd, Rau, A, Sanin, A, Tashiro, Ms, Terada, Y, Yamaoka Kn, Y. A., Kus, V., Kuykendall, W., Kuze, M., Kuzhir, P., Kvasnicka, O., Kwee, R., La Rosa, A., La Rotonda, L., Labarga, L., Labbe, J., Lacasta, C., Lacava, F., Lacker, H., Lacour, D., Lacuesta, V. R., Ladygin, E., Lafaye, R., Laforge, B., Lagouri, T., Lai, S., Laisne, E., Lamanna, M., Lampen, C. L., Lampl, W., Lancon, E., Landgraf, U., Landon, M. P. J., Landsman, H., Lane, J. L., Lange, C., Lankford, A. J., Lanni, F., Lantzsch, K., Lapin, V. V., Laplace, S., Lapoire, C., Laporte, J. F., Lari, T., Larionov, A. V., Larner, A., Lasseur, C., Lassnig, M., Lau, W., Laurelli, P., Lavorato, A., Lavrijsen, W., Laycock, P., Lazarev, A. B., Lazzaro, A., Le Dortz, O., Le Guirriec, E., Le Maner, C., Le Menedeu, E., Leahu, M., Lebedev, A., Lebel, C., Lecompte, T., Ledroit Guillon, F., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. C., Lee, L., Lefebvre, M., Legendre, M., Leger, A., Legeyt, B. C., Legger, F., Leggett, C., Lehmacher, M., Lehmann, Miotto G., Lei, X., Leite, M. A. L., Leitner, R., Lellouch, D., Lellouch, J., Leltchouk, M., Lendermann, V., Leney, K. J. C., Lenz, T., Lenzen, G., Lenzi, B., Leonhardt, K., Leontsinis, S., Leroy, C., Lessard, J. R., Lesser, J., Lester, C. G., Leung Fook, Cheong A., Leveque, J., Levin, D., Levinson, L. J., Levitski, M. S., Lewandowska, M., Lewis, G. H., Leyton, M., Li, B., Li, H., Li, S., Li, X., Liang, Z., Liberti, B., Lichard, P., Lichtnecker, M., Lie, K., Liebig, W., Lifshitz, R., Lilley, J. N., Limosani, A., Limper, M., Lin, S. C., Linde, F., Linnemann, J. T., Lipeles, E., Lipinsky, L., Lipniacka, A., Liss, T. M., Lissauer, D., Lister, A., Litke, A. M., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, J. B., Liu, M., Liu, S., Liu, Y., Livan, M., Livermore, S. S. A., Lleres, A., Lloyd, S. L., Lobodzinska, E., Loch, P., Lockman, W. S., Lockwitz, S., Loddenkoetter, T., Loebinger, F. K., Loginov, A., Loh, C. W., Lohse, T., Lohwasser, K., Lokajicek, M., Loken, J., Lombardo, V. P., Long, R. E., Lopes, L., Lopez, Mateos D., Losada, M., Loscutoff, P., Lo Sterzo, F., Losty, M. J., Lou, X., Lounis, A., Loureiro, K. F., Love, J., Love, P. A., Lowe, A. J., Lu, F., Lu, J., Lu, L., Lubatti, H. J., Luci, C., Lucotte, A., Ludwig, A., Ludwig, D., Ludwig, I., Ludwig, J., Luehring, F., Luijckx, G., Lumb, D., Luminari, L., Lund, E., Lund Jensen, B., Lundberg, B., Lundberg, J., Lundquist, J., Lungwitz, M., Lupi, A., Lutz, G., Lynn, D., Lys, J., Lytken, E., Ma, H., L. L., Ma, Macana, Goia J. A., Maccarrone, G., Macchiolo, A., Macek, B., Machado Miguens, J., Macina, D., Mackeprang, R., Madaras, R. J., Mader, W. F., Maenner, R., Maeno, T., Maettig, P., Maettig, S., Magalhaes Martins, P. J., Magnoni, L., Magradze, E., Magrath, C. A., Mahalalel, Y., Mahboubi, K., Mahout, G., Maiani, C., Maidantchik, C., Maio, A., Majewski, S., Makida, Y., Makovec, N., Mal, P., Malecki, Pa, Malecki, P., Maleev, V. P., Malek, F., Mallik, U., Malon, D., Maltezos, S., Malyshev, V., Malyukov, S., Mameghani, R., Mamuzic, J., Manabe, A., Mandelli, L., Mandic, I., Mandrysch, R., Maneira, J., Mangeard, P. S., Manjavidze, I. D., Mann, A., Manning, P. M., Manousakis Katsikakis, A., Mansoulie, B., Manz, A., Mapelli, A., Mapelli, L., March, L., Marchand, J. F., Marchese, F., Marchesotti, M., Marchiori, G., Marcisovsky, M., Marin, A., Marino, C. P., Marroquim, F., Marshall, R., Marshall, Z., Martens, F. K., Marti Garcia, S., Martin, A. J., Martin, B., Martin, F. F., Martin, J. P., Martin, Ph, Universitat de Barcelona, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Silva, E. do Couto e., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Naumann Godo, M., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Readhead, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Richards, J. L., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, Ł., Stevenson, M., Strickman, M. S., Sokolovsky, K. V., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wehrle, A. E., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Backes, M., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berdyugin, A., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borla Tridon, D., Bosch Ramon, V., Bose, D., Braun, I., Bretz, T., Camara, M., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Dazzi, F., de Angelis, A., De Cea del Pozo, E., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Delgado Mendez, C., Diago Ortega, A., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinovi, N., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Höhne Mönch, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Jogler, T., Klepser, S., Krähenbühl, T., Kranich, D., Krause, J., La Barbera, A., Leonardo, E., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López, M., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, E., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Orito, R., Oya, I., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez Torres, M. A., Persic, M., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prada, F., Prandini, E., Puchades, N., Puljak, I., Reichardt, T., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rissi, M., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Sánchez Conde, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shayduk, M., Shore, S. N., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Strah, N., Struebig, J. C., Suric, T., Takalo, L. O., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Vankov, H., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zabalza, V., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Acciari, V. A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Benbow, W., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Huang, D., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Rovero, A. C., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. D., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Arkharov, A. A., Blinov, D. A., Calcidese, P., Chen, W. P., Efimova, N. V., Kimeridze, G., Konstantinova, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Lähteenmäki, A., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Ligustri, R., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Sigua, L. A., Troitsky, I. S., Angelakis, E., Capalbi, M., Carramiñana, A., Carrasco, L., Cassaro, P., de la Fuente, E., Gurwell, M. A., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. u. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Krimm, H. A., Leto, P., Lister, M. L., Maccaferri, G., Moody, J. W., Mori, Y., Nestoras, I., Orlati, A., Pagani, C., Pace, C., Pearson R., Iii, Perri, M., Piner, B. G., Pushkarev, A. B., Ros, E., Sadun, A. C., Sakamoto, T., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., Zook, A., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)
Subjects: BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501), Photon, PARTICLE-ACCELERATION, Astrophysics, Electron, 01 natural sciences, CHERENKOV TELESCOPE SYSTEM, LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE, Raigs gamma, individual: Mrk 501 [BL Lacertae objects], EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particle, MAGNETOSONIC SHOCK-WAVES, acceleration of particles, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, TEV VARIABILITY, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Acceleradors de partícules, Gamma ray, individual (Mrk 501) [BL Lacertae objects], non-thermal [radiation mechanisms], BL LACERTAE OBJECTS, ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI, LOG-PARABOLIC SPECTRA, X-RAY, active [galaxies], Eddington luminosity, BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501, symbols, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Blazar, 98.70.Rz, 98.54.Cm, 98.62.Py, BL Lacertae objects: general, gamma rays: general, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, general [BL Lacertae objects], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies, Particle accelerators, Galàxies, Space and Planetary Science, ddc:520, general [gamma rays], Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: 著者人数：451名, Accepted: 2010-11-19, 資料番号: SA1002653000
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21. TEST OF MODELS OF THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND WITH MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE BLAZAR 1ES 1218+30.4 IN 2009.

Author: Archambault, S., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Böttcher, M., Bouvier, A., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Dumm, J., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Federici, S., and Feng, Q.
Subjects: BL Lacertae objects, COSMIC background radiation, GAMMA rays, COSMIC rays, ASTRONOMICAL spectroscopy
Abstract: We present the results of a multi-wavelength campaign targeting the blazar 1ES 1218+30.4 with observations with the 1.3 m McGraw-Hill optical telescope, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope, and the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). The RXTE and VERITAS observations were spread over a 13 day period and revealed clear evidence for flux variability, and a strong X-ray and γ-ray flare on 2009 February 26 (MJD 54888). The campaign delivered a well-sampled broadband energy spectrum with simultaneous RXTE and VERITAS very high energy (VHE, >100 GeV) observations, as well as contemporaneous optical and Fermi observations. The 1ES 1218+30.4 broadband energy spectrum—the first with simultaneous X-ray and VHE γ-ray energy spectra—is of particular interest as the source is located at a high cosmological redshift for a VHE source (z = 0.182), leading to strong absorption of VHE gamma rays by photons from the optical/infrared extragalactic background light (EBL) via γVHE + γEBL → e+e– pair-creation processes. We model the data with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission model and with the extragalactic absorption predicted by several recent EBL models. We find that the observations are consistent with the SSC scenario and all the EBL models considered in this work. We discuss observational and theoretical avenues to improve on the EBL constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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22. SPATIALLY RESOLVING THE VERY HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM MGRO J2019+37 WITH VERITAS.

Author: Aliu, E., Aune, T., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Bouvier, A., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Dwarkadas, V. V., Errando, M., Falcone, A., and Federici, S.
Subjects: SUPERNOVA remnants, CYGNUS (Constellation), STAR formation, GAMMA rays, PULSARS, X-ray astronomy
Abstract: We present very high energy (VHE) imaging of MGRO J2019+37 obtained with the VERITAS observatory. The bright extended (∼2°) unidentified Milagro source is located toward the rich star formation region Cygnus-X. MGRO J2019+37 is resolved into two VERITAS sources. The faint, point-like source VER J2016+371 overlaps CTB 87, a filled-center remnant (SNR) with no evidence of a supernova remnant shell at the present time. Its spectrum is well fit in the 0.65-10 TeV energy range by a power-law model with photon index 2.3 ± 0.4. VER J2019+378 is a bright extended (∼1°) source that likely accounts for the bulk of the Milagro emission and is notably coincident with PSR J2021+3651 and the star formation region Sh 2–104. Its spectrum in the range 1-30 TeV is well fit with a power-law model of photon index 1.75 ± 0.3, among the hardest values measured in the VHE band, comparable to that observed near Vela-X. We explore the unusual spectrum and morphology in the radio and X-ray bands to constrain possible emission mechanisms for this source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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23. INVESTIGATING THE TeV MORPHOLOGY OF MGRO J1908+06 WITH VERITAS.

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Aune, T., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J. V, Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Dwarkadas, V. V., and Errando, M.
Subjects: GAMMA rays, GAMMA ray bursts, PULSARS, SUPERNOVA remnants, NEBULAE
Abstract: We report on deep observations of the extended TeV gamma-ray source MGRO J1908+06 made with the VERITAS very high energy gamma-ray observatory. Previously, the TeV emission has been attributed to the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) of the Fermi-LAT pulsar PSR J1907+0602. We detect MGRO J1908+06 at a significance level of 14 standard deviations (14σ) and measure a photon index of 2.20 ± 0.10stat ± 0.20sys. The TeV emission is extended, covering the region near PSR J1907+0602 and also extending toward SNR G40.5-0.5. When fitted with a two-dimensional Gaussian, the intrinsic extension has a standard deviation of σsrc = 0.°44 ± 0.°02. In contrast to other TeV PWNe of similar age in which the TeV spectrum softens with distance from the pulsar, the TeV spectrum measured near the pulsar location is consistent with that measured at a position near the rim of G40.5-0.5, 0.°33 away. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2014
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24. SEARCH FOR A CORRELATION BETWEEN VERY-HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA RAYS AND GIANT RADIO PULSES IN THE CRAB PULSAR.

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bouvier, A., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Duke, C., Dumm, J., Falcone, A., and Federici, S.
Subjects: DRAKE equation, RADIO telescopes, GAMMA ray telescopes, GAMMA rays, PULSARS
Abstract: We present the results of a joint observational campaign between the Green Bank radio telescope and the VERITAS gamma-ray telescope, which searched for a correlation between the emission of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays (Eγ > 150 GeV) and giant radio pulses (GRPs) from the Crab pulsar at 8.9 GHz. A total of 15,366 GRPs were recorded during 11.6 hr of simultaneous observations, which were made across four nights in 2008 December and in 2009 November and December. We searched for an enhancement of the pulsed gamma-ray emission within time windows placed around the arrival time of the GRP events. In total, eight different time windows with durations ranging from 0.033 ms to 72 s were positioned at three different locations relative to the GRP to search for enhanced gamma-ray emission which lagged, led, or was concurrent with, the GRP event. Furthermore, we performed separate searches on main pulse GRPs and interpulse GRPs and on the most energetic GRPs in our data sample. No significant enhancement of pulsed VHE emission was found in any of the preformed searches. We set upper limits of 5-10 times the average VHE flux of the Crab pulsar on the flux simultaneous with interpulse GRPs on single-rotation-period timescales. On ∼8 s timescales around interpulse GRPs, we set an upper limit of 2-3 times the average VHE flux. Within the framework of recent models for pulsed VHE emission from the Crab pulsar, the expected VHE-GRP emission correlations are below the derived limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2012
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25. MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE AGN 1ES 0414+009 WITH VERITAS, FERMI-LAT, SWIFT-XRT, AND MDM.

Author: Aliu, E., Archambault, S., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Bouvier, A., Bugaev, V., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Dumm, J., Errando, M., Falcone, A., and Federici, S.
Subjects: BL Lacertae objects, GALAXIES, GAMMA rays, RADIO sources (Astronomy), WAVELENGTHS
Abstract: We present observations of the BL Lac object 1ES 0414+009 in the >200 GeV gamma-ray band by the VERITAS array of Cherenkov telescopes. 1ES 0414+009 was observed by VERITAS between 2008 January and 2011 February, resulting in 56.2 hr of good quality pointed observations. These observations resulted in a detection of 822 events from the source corresponding to a statistical significance of 6.4 standard deviations (6.4σ) above the background. The source flux, showing no evidence for variability, is measured as (5.2 ± 1.1stat ± 2.6sys) × 10–12 photons cm–2 s–1 above 200 GeV, equivalent to approximately 2% of the Crab Nebula flux above this energy. The differential photon spectrum from 230 GeV to 850 GeV is well fit by a power law with a photon index of Γ = 3.4 ± 0.5stat ± 0.3sys and a flux normalization of (1.6 ± 0.3stat ± 0.8sys) × 10–11 photons cm–2 s–1 at 300 GeV. We also present multiwavelength results taken in the optical (MDM), x-ray (Swift-XRT), and GeV (Fermi-LAT) bands and use these results to construct a broadband spectral energy distribution (SED). Modeling of this SED indicates that homogenous one-zone leptonic scenarios are not adequate to describe emission from the system, with a lepto-hadronic model providing a better fit to the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2012
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26. Gamma-ray observations under bright moonlight with VERITAS.

Author: Archambault, S., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Bourbeau, E., Bouvier, A., Buchovecky, M., Bugaev, V., Cardenzana, J.V., Cerruti, M., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M.P., Cui, W., Daniel, M.K., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J.P., Fleischhack, H., and Fortson, L.
Subjects: *ASTRONOMICAL observations, *CHERENKOV radiation, *PHOTOMULTIPLIERS, *TELESCOPES, *GAMMA rays, *PHOTODETECTORS
Abstract: Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are equipped with sensitive photomultiplier tube (PMT) cameras. Exposure to high levels of background illumination degrades the efficiency of and potentially destroys these photo-detectors over time, so IACTs cannot be operated in the same configuration in the presence of bright moonlight as under dark skies. Since September 2012, observations have been carried out with the VERITAS IACTs under bright moonlight (defined as about three times the night-sky-background (NSB) of a dark extragalactic field, typically occurring when Moon illumination > 35%) in two observing modes, firstly by reducing the voltage applied to the PMTs and, secondly, with the addition of ultra-violet (UV) bandpass filters to the cameras. This has allowed observations at up to about 30 times previous NSB levels (around 80% Moon illumination), resulting in 30% more observing time between the two modes over the course of a year. These additional observations have already allowed for the detection of a flare from the 1ES 1727 + 502 and for an observing program targeting a measurement of the cosmic-ray positron fraction. We provide details of these new observing modes and their performance relative to the standard VERITAS observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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27. Observation of Markarian 421 in TeV gamma rays over a 14-year time span.

Author: Acciari, V.A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Bouvier, A., Bradbury, S.M., Buckley, J.H., Bugaev, V., de la Calle Perez, I., Carter-Lewis, D.A., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Collins-Hughes, E., Connolly, M.P., Cui, W., Duke, C., Dumm, J., Falcone, A., and Federici, S.
Subjects: *GAMMA rays, *BL Lacertae objects, *X-rays, *ASTROPHYSICAL radiation, *GALACTIC nuclei, *ASTRONOMICAL research
Abstract: Abstract: The variability of the blazar Markarian 421 in TeV gamma rays over a 14-year time period has been explored with the Whipple 10m telescope. It is shown that the dynamic range of its flux variations is large and similar to that in X-rays. A correlation between the X-ray and TeV energy bands is observed during some bright flares and when the complete data sets are binned on long timescales. The main database consists of 878.4h of observation with the Whipple telescope, spread over 783 nights. The peak energy response of the telescope was 400GeV with 20% uncertainty. This is the largest database of any TeV-emitting active galactic nucleus (AGN) and hence was used to explore the variability profile of Markarian 421. The time-averaged flux from Markarian 421 over this period was Crab flux units. The flux exceeded 10Crab flux units on three separate occasions. For the 2000–2001 season the average flux reached 1.86Crab units, while in the 1996–1997 season the average flux was only 0.23Crab units. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2014
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28. Results from the first two years of VERITAS observations

Author: Krennrich, F., Bautista, M., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S.M., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Duke, C., Finley, J.P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Gall, D., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Hui, C.M., Humensky, T.B., Kaaret, P., and Karlsson, N.
Subjects: *ASTRONOMICAL observations, *GAMMA rays, *TELESCOPES, *ASTROPHYSICS, *PARTICLES (Nuclear physics), *COSMIC rays, *SUPERMASSIVE black holes
Abstract: Abstract: The VERITAS observatory is an imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array located in southern Arizona and covers an energy range between 100GeV and 30TeV. The VERITAS collaboration pursues a rigorous observing program that targets a range of key science objectives in astrophysics and particle physics; the understanding of the origin of cosmic rays, the search for supersymmetric dark matter self-annihilation, illuminating the connection between black holes and relativistic jets and constraints to the cosmological diffuse infrared background. We provide a summary of results from the first two years of observations with the full 4-telecope array reported at RICAP09. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
Published: 2011
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29. The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 421: Variability and correlation studies

Author: MAGIC Collaboration, J. Aleksić(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Ansoldi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), L. A. Antonelli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Antoranz(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), A. Babic(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), P. Bangale(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Barres de Almeida(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. A. Barrio(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Becerra González(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), W. Bednarek(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Berger(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), E. Bernardini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Biland(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), O. Blanch(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), R. K. Bock(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Bonnefoy(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), G. Bonnoli(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), F. Borracci(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Bretz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Carmona(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), A. Carosi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Carreto Fidalgo(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), P. Colin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), E. Colombo(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), J. L. Contreras(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), J. Cortina(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. Covino(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Da Vela(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), F. Dazzi(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), A. De Angelis(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), G. De Caneva(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), B. De Lotto(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), C. Delgado Mendez(Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Doert(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), A. Domínguez(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), D. Dominis Prester(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Dorner(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), M. Doro(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Einecke(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Eisenacher(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. Elsaesser(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Farina(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), D. Ferenc(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), M. V. Fonseca(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), L. Font(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), K. Frantzen(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), C. Fruck(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), R. J. García López(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Garczarczyk(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), D. Garrido Terrats(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), M. Gaug(Unitat de Física de les Radiacions, Departament de Física, and CERES-IEEC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), G. Giavitto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), N. Godinović(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), A. González Mu\ noz(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), S. R. Gozzini(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Hadamek(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), D. Hadasch(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), A. Herrero(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), D. Hildebrand(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Hose(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), D. Hrupec(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), W. Idec(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), V. Kadenius(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), H. Kellermann(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. L. Knoetig(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), J. Krause(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Kushida(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. La Barbera(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), D. Lelas(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), N. Lewandowska(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), E. Lindfors(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), F. Longo(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), S. Lombardi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), M. López(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), R. López-Coto(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. López-Oramas(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), E. Lorenz(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), I. Lozano(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), M. Makariev(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), K. Mallot(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), G. Maneva(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), N. Mankuzhiyil(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), K. Mannheim(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), L. Maraschi(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), B. Marcote(Universitat de Barcelona), M. Mariotti(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Martínez(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), D. Mazin(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), U. Menzel(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), M. Meucci(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Miranda(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), R. Mirzoyan(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Moralejo(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), P. Munar-Adrover(Universitat de Barcelona), D. Nakajima(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Niedzwiecki(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), K. Nilsson(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), N. Nowak(6,32,*), R. Orito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), A. Overkemping(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), S. Paiano(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), M. Palatiello(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), D. Paneque(6,*), R. Paoletti(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), J. M. Paredes(Universitat de Barcelona), X. Paredes-Fortuny(Universitat de Barcelona), S. Partini(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), M. Persic(Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy), F. Prada(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), P. G. Prada Moroni(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), E. Prandini(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), S. Preziuso(Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy), I. Puljak(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), R. Reinthal(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), W. Rhode(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), M. Ribó(Universitat de Barcelona), J. Rico(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), J. Rodriguez Garcia(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. Rügamer(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), A. Saggion(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), K. Saito(Japanese MAGIC Consortium, Division of Physics and Astronomy, Kyoto University, Japan), M. Salvati(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), K. Satalecka(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), V. Scalzotto(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), V. Scapin(Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain), C. Schultz(Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy), T. Schweizer(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), S. N. Shore(Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy), A. Sillanpää(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), J. Sitarek(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), I. Snidaric(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Sobczynska(University of Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland), F. Spanier(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), V. Stamatescu(IFAE, Edifici Cn., Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain), A. Stamerra(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), T. Steinbring(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), J. Storz(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), S. Sun(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), T. Surić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), L. Takalo(Finnish MAGIC Consortium, Tuorla Observatory, University of Turku and Department of Physics, University of Oulu, Finland), F. Tavecchio(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), P. Temnikov(Inst. for Nucl. Research and Nucl. Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria), T. Terzić(Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia), D. Tescaro(Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain), M. Teshima(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), J. Thaele(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), O. Tibolla(Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany), D. F. Torres(Institut de Ciències de l'Espai), T. Toyama(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), A. Treves(Università dell'Insubria, Como, I-22100 Como, Italy), M. Uellenbeck(Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany), P. Vogler(ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland), R. M. Wagner(Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany), F. Zandanel(Inst. de Astrofísica de Andalucía), R. Zanin(Universitat de Barcelona), VERITAS collaboration(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), (Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), S. Archambault(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), B. Behera(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), M. Beilicke(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), W. Benbow(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), R. Bird(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), J. H. Buckley(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), V. Bugaev(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), M. Cerruti(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), X. Chen(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), L. Ciupik(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), E. Collins-Hughes(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), W. Cui(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. Dumm(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), J. D. Eisch(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), A. Falcone(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 525 Davey Lab, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA), S. Federici(DESY, Platanenallee 6, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany), Q. Feng(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. P. Finley(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), H. Fleischhack(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), P. Fortin(Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA), L. Fortson(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), A. Furniss(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), S. Griffin(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), S. T. Griffiths(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), J. Grube(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), G. Gyuk(Astronomy Department, Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum, Chicago, IL 60605, USA), D. Hanna(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), J. Holder(Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA), G. Hughes(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), T. B. Humensky(Physics Department, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA), C. A. Johnson(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), P. Kaaret(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA), M. Kertzman(Department of Physics and Astronomy, DePauw University, Greencastle, IN 46135-0037, USA), Y. Khassen(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), D. Kieda(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA), H. Krawczynski(Department of Physics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA), F. Krennrich(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), S. Kumar(Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA), M. J. Lang(School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland), G. Maier(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), S. McArthur(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), K. Meagher(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), P. Moriarty(Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Galway, Ireland), R. Mukherjee(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Barnard College, Columbia University, NY 10027, USA), R. A. Ong(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), A. N. Otte(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), N. Park(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), A. Pichel(Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67 - Sucursal 28), M. Pohl(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), A. Popkow(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA), H. Prokoph(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), J. Quinn(School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), K. Ragan(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), J. Rajotte(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), P. T. Reynolds(Department of Applied Physics and Instrumentation, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland), G. T. Richards(School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 837 State Street NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0430), E. Roache(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), A. C. Rovero(Instituto de Astronomia y Fisica del Espacio, Casilla de Correo 67 - Sucursal 28), G. H. Sembroski(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), K. Shahinyan(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), D. Staszak(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), I. Telezhinsky(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), M. Theiling(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. V. Tucci(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), J. Tyler(Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2T8, Canada), A. Varlotta(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA), S. P. Wakely(Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), T. C. Weekes(Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Amado, AZ 85645, USA), A. Weinstein(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA), R. Welsing(Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron), A. Wilhelm(Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany), D. A. Williams(Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA), B. Zitzer(Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA), External collaborators(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), (INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), M. Villata(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), C. Raiteri(INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese), H. D. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), M. F. Aller(Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1042, USA), W. P. Chen(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), B. Jordan(School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, 2, Ireland), E. Koptelova(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), O. M. Kurtanidze(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), A. Lähteenmäki(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), B. McBreen(University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland), V. M. Larionov(Isaac Newton Institute of Chile, St. Petersburg Branch, St. Petersburg, Russia), C. S. Lin(Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Jhongli 32054, Taiwan), M. G. Nikolashvili(Abastumani Observatory, Mt. Kanobili, 0301 Abastumani, Georgia), E. Angelakis(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), M. Capalbi(ASI-Science Data Center, Via del Politecnico, I-00133 Rome, Italy), A. Carrami\ nana(Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Tonantzintla, Puebla 72840, Mexico), L. Carrasco(Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica, Tonantzintla, Puebla 72840, Mexico), P. Cassaro(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Sezione di Noto, Contrada Renna Bassa, 96017 Noto), A. Cesarini(Department of Physics, University of Trento, I38050, Povo, Trento, Italy), L. Fuhrmann(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), M. Giroletti(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, 40129 Bologna, Italy), T. Hovatta(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), T. P. Krichbaum(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), H. A. Krimm(Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute, 117997 Moscow, Russia), W. Max-Moerbeck(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), J. W. Moody(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA), G. Maccaferri(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Stazione Radioastronomica di Medicina, I-40059 Medicina), Y. Mori(Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan), I. Nestoras(Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany), A. Orlati(INAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, Stazione Radioastronomica di Medicina, I-40059 Medicina), C. Pace(Indiana University, Department of Astronomy, Swain Hall West 319, Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, USA), R. Pearson(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA), M. Perri(INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy), A. C. S. Readhead(Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125), J. L. Richards(Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907), A. C. Sadun(Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80220, USA), T. Sakamoto(Department of Physics and Mathematics, College of Science and 952 Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuoku, Sagamihara-shi Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan), J. Tammi(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), M. Tornikoski(Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 FIN-02540 Kylmälä Finland), Y. Yatsu(Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro City, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan), A. Zook(Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pomona College, Claremont CA 91711-6312, USA), Aleksić, J, Ansoldi, Stefano, Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Carreto Fidalgo, D., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Caneva, G., De Lotto, B., Delgado Mendez, C., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Eisenacher, D., Elsaesser, D., Farina, E., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Gozzini, S. R., Hadamek, A., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Idec, W., Kadenius, V., Kellermann, H., Knoetig, M. L., Krause, J., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lewandowska, N., Lindfors, E., Longo, Francesco, Lombardi, S., López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Lozano, I., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Munar Adrover, P., Nakajima, D., Niedzwiecki, A., Nilsson, K., Nowak, N., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palatiello, M., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Partini, S., Persic, M., Prada, F., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Preziuso, S., Puljak, I., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguezgarcia, J., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Salvati, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Stamatescu, V., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Storz, J., Sun, S., Surić, T., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Tibolla, O., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Uellenbeck, M., Vogler, P., Wagner, R. M., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Archambault, S., Behera, B., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Collins Hughes, E., Cui, W., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Federici, S., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortin, P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Park, N., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Prokoph, H., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Rajotte, J., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Rovero, A. C., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Theiling, M., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Varlotta, A., Wakely, S. P., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Welsing, R., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Villata, M., Raiteri, C., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Chen, W. P., Jordan, B., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Lähteenmäki, A., Mcbreen, B., Larionov, V. M., Lin, C. S., Nikolashvili, M. G., Angelakis, E., Capalbi, M., Carramiñana, A., Carrasco, L., Cassaro, P., Cesarini, A., Fuhrmann, L., Giroletti, M., Hovatta, T., Krichbaum, T. P., Krimm, H. A., Max Moerbeck, W., Moody, J. W., Maccaferri, G., Mori, Y., Nestoras, I., Orlati, A., Pace, C., Pearson, R., Perri, M., Readhead, A. C. S., Richards, J. L., Sadun, A. C., Sakamoto, T., Tammi, J., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., Zook, A., Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: Astrofísica, Brightness, Ciencias Físicas, blazars, Astrophysics, telescope, x-ray variability, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, BL Lacertae objects, individual, Mrk 421, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Raigs gamma, emission, MAGIC (telescope), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), individual: Mrk 421 [BL Lacertae objects], Galaxies: BL Lacertae objects: individual: Markarian 421, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Electricidad, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, power spectra, BL Lacertae object, tev photons, 0103 physical sciences, Nucli galàctic actiu, bl lacertae objects: individual: mrk 421, Blazar, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Active galactic nuclei, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, light curves, Gamma rays, Institut für Physik und Astronomie, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, Astronomía, Crab Nebula, optical variability, active galactic nuclei, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, markarian-421, ddc:520
Abstract: We performed a 4.5-month multi-instrument campaign (from radio to VHE gamma rays) on Mrk421 between January 2009 and June 2009, which included VLBA, F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, Swift, RXTE, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, and Whipple, among other instruments and collaborations. Mrk421 was found in its typical (non-flaring) activity state, with a VHE flux of about half that of the Crab Nebula, yet the light curves show significant variability at all wavelengths, the highest variability being in the X-rays. We determined the power spectral densities (PSD) at most wavelengths and found that all PSDs can be described by power-laws without a break, and with indices consistent with pink/red-noise behavior. We observed a harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and measured a positive correlation between VHE and X-ray fluxes with zero time lag. Such characteristics have been reported many times during flaring activity, but here they are reported for the first time in the non-flaring state. We also observed an overall anti-correlation between optical/UV and X-rays extending over the duration of the campaign. The harder-when-brighter behavior in the X-ray spectra and the measured positive X-ray/VHE correlation during the 2009 multi-wavelength campaign suggests that the physical processes dominating the emission during non-flaring states have similarities with those occurring during flaring activity. In particular, this observation supports leptonic scenarios as being responsible for the emission of Mrk421 during non-flaring activity. Such a temporally extended X-ray/VHE correlation is not driven by any single flaring event, and hence is difficult to explain within the standard hadronic scenarios. The highest variability is observed in the X-ray band, which, within the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton scenario, indicates that the electron energy distribution is most variable at the highest energies., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 18 pages, 14 figures (v2 has a small modification in the acknowledgments, and also corrects a typo in the field "author" in the metadata)
Published: 2015
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30. THE JUNE 2008 FLARE OF MARKARIAN 421 FROM OPTICAL TO TeV ENERGIES

Author: I. Donnarumma, V. Vittorini, S. Vercellone, E. Del Monte, M. Feroci, F. D'Ammando, L. Pacciani, A. W. Chen, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, G. Pucella, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cocco, E. Costa, G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, M. Frutti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, P. Giommi, S. Colafrancesco, L. Salotti, M. Villata, C. M. Raiteri, W. P. Chen, N. V. Efimova, B. Jordan, T. S. Konstantinova, E. Koptelova, O. M. Kurtanidze, V. M. Larionov, J. A. Ros, A. C. Sadun, H. Anderhub, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, M. Backes, C. Baixeras, S. Balestra, J. A. Barrio, H. Bartko, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra González, J. K. Becker, W. Bednarek, K. Berger, E. Bernardini, A. Biland, R. K. Bock, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, D. Borla Tridon, V. Bosch-Ramon, T. Bretz, I. Britvitch, M. Camara, E. Carmona, A. Chilingarian, S. Commichau, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, M. T. Costado, S. Covino, V. Curtef, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, E. De Cea del Pozo, R. de los Reyes, B. De Lotto, M. De Maria, F. De Sabata, C. Delgado Mendez, A. Dominguez, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, M. Errando, D. Ferenc, E. Fernández, R. Firpo, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, N. Galante, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, M. Gaug, F. Goebel, D. Hadasch, M. Hayashida, A. Herrero, D. Höhne-Mönch, J. Hose, C. C. Hsu, S. Huber, T. Jogler, D. Kranich, A. La Barbera, A. Laille, E. Leonardo, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, M. López, E. Lorenz, P. Majumdar, G. Maneva, N. Mankuzhiyil, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, D. Mazin, M. Meucci, M. Meyer, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, J. Moldón, M. Moles, A. Moralejo, D. Nieto, K. Nilsson, J. Ninkovic, I. Oya, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, M. Pasanen, D. Pascoli, F. Pauss, R. G. Pegna, M. A. Perez-Torres, M. Persic, L. Peruzzo, F. Prada, E. Prandini, N. Puchades, A. Raymers, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, M. Rissi, A. Robert, S. Rügamer, A. Saggion, T. Y. Saito, M. Salvati, M. Sanchez-Conde, P. Sartori, K. Satalecka, V. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, T. Schweizer, M. Shayduk, K. Shinozaki, S. N. Shore, N. Sidro, A. Sierpowska-Bartosik, A. Sillanpää, J. Sitarek, D. Sobczynska, F. Spanier, A. Stamerra, L. S. Stark, L. Takalo, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, M. Tluczykont, D. F. Torres, N. Turini, H. Vankov, A. Venturini, V. Vitale, R. M. Wagner, W. Wittek, V. Zabalza, F. Zandanel, R. Zanin, J. Zapatero, V. Acciari, E. Aliu, T. Arlen, M. Beilicke, W. Benbow, S. M. Bradbury, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, Y. Butt, K. Byrum, A. Cannon, A. Cesarini, Y. C. Chow, L. Ciupik, P. Cogan, P. Colin, W. Cui, M. K. Daniel, R. Dickherber, C. Duke, T. Ergin, S. J. Fegan, J. P. Finley, G. Finnegan, P. Fortin, A. Furniss, D. Gall, G. H. Gillanders, R. Guenette, G. Gyuk, J. Grube, D. Hanna, J. Holder, D. Horan, C. M. Hui, T. Brian Humensky, A. Imran, P. Kaaret, N. Karlsson, M. Kertzman, D. Kieda, J. Kildea, A. Konopelko, H. Krawczynski, F. Krennrich, M. J. Lang, S. LeBohec, G. Maier, A. McCann, M. McCutcheon, A. Milovanovic, P. Moriarty, T. Nagai, R. A. Ong, A. N. Otte, D. Pandel, J. S. Perkins, A. Pichel, M. Pohl, K. Ragan, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, E. Roache, H. J. Rose, M. Schroedter, G. H. Sembroski, A. W. Smith, D. Steele, S. P. Swordy, M. Theiling, J. A. Toner, L. Valcarcel, A. Varlotta, S. P. Wakely, J. E. Ward, T. C. Weekes, A. Weinstein, D. A. Williams, S. Wissel, M. Wood, B. Zitzer, I., Donnarumma, V., Vittorini, S., Vercellone, E. D., Monte, M., Feroci, F., D'Ammando, L., Pacciani, A. W., Chen, M., Tavani, A., Bulgarelli, A., Giuliani, Longo, Francesco, G., Pucella, A., Argan, G., Barbiellini, F., Boffelli, P., Caraveo, P. W., Cattaneo, V., Cocco, E., Costa, G. D., Pari, G. D., Cocco, Y., Evangelista, M., Fiorini, T., Froysland, M., Frutti, F., Fuschino, M., Galli, F., Gianotti, C., Labanti, I., Lapshov, F., Lazzarotto, P., Lipari, M., Marisaldi, M., Mastropietro, S., Mereghetti, E., Morelli, A., Morselli, A., Pellizzoni, F., Perotti, P., Picozza, G., Porrovecchio, M., Prest, M., Rapisarda, A., Rappoldi, A., Rubini, P., Soffitta, M., Trifoglio, A., Troi, E., Vallazza, A., Zambra, D., Zanello, C., Pittori, P., Santolamazza, F., Verrecchia, P., Giommi, S., Colafrancesco, L., Salotti, M., Villata, C. M., Raiteri, W. P., Chen, N. V., Efimova, B., Jordan, T. S., Konstantinova, E., Koptelova, O. M., Kurtanidze, V. M., Larionov, J. A., Ro, A. C., Sadun, H., Anderhub, L. A., Antonelli, P., Antoranz, M., Backe, C., Baixera, S., Balestra, J. A., Barrio, H., Bartko, D., Bastieri, J. B., Gonzalez, J. K., Becker, W., Bednarek, K., Berger, E., Bernardini, A., Biland, R. K., Bock, G., Bonnoli, P., Borda, D. B., Tridon, V., Bosch Ramon, T., Bretz, I., Britvitch, M., Camara, E., Carmona, A., Chilingarian, S., Commichau, J. L., Contrera, J., Cortina, M. T., Costado, S., Covino, V., Curtef, F., Dazzi, A. D., Angeli, E. D., Del Pozo, R. D., Reye, B. D., Lotto, M. D., Maria, F. D., Sabata, C. D., Mendez, A., Dominguez, D., Dorner, M., Doro, D., Elsaesser, M., Errando, D., Ferenc, E., Fernandez, R., Firpo, M. V., Fonseca, L., Font, N., Galante, R. J. G., Lopez, M., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, F., Goebel, D., Hadasch, M., Hayashida, A., Herrero, D., Hohne Monch, J., Hose, C. C., Hsu, S., Huber, T., Jogler, D., Kranich, A. L., Barbera, A., Laille, E., Leonardo, E., Lindfor, S., Lombardi, M., Lopez, E., Lorenz, P., Majumdar, G., Maneva, N., Mankuzhiyil, K., Mannheim, L., Maraschi, M., Mariotti, M., Martinez, D., Mazin, M., Meucci, M., Meyer, J. M., Miranda, R., Mirzoyan, J., Moldon, M., Mole, A., Moralejo, D., Nieto, K., Nilsson, J., Ninkovic, I., Oya, R., Paoletti, J. M., Parede, M., Pasanen, D., Pascoli, F., Pau, R. G., Pegna, M. A., Perez Torre, M., Persic, L., Peruzzo, F., Prada, E., Prandini, N., Puchade, A., Raymer, W., Rhode, M., Ribo, J., Rico, M., Rissi, A., Robert, S., Rugamer, A., Saggion, T. Y., Saito, M., Salvati, M., Sanchez Conde, P., Sartori, K., Satalecka, V., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, T., Schweizer, M., Shayduk, K., Shinozaki, S. N., Shore, N., Sidro, A., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpaa, J., Sitarek, D., Sobczynska, F., Spanier, A., Stamerra, L. S., Stark, L., Takalo, F., Tavecchio, P., Temnikov, D., Tescaro, M., Teshima, M., Tluczykont, D. F., Torre, N., Turini, H., Vankov, A., Venturini, V., Vitale, R. M., Wagner, W., Wittek, V., Zabalza, F., Zandanel, R., Zanin, J., Zapatero, V., Acciari, E., Aliu, T., Arlen, M., Beilicke, W., Benbow, S. M., Bradbury, J. H., Buckley, V., Bugaev, Y., Butt, K., Byrum, A., Cannon, A., Cesarini, Y. C., Chow, L., Ciupik, P., Cogan, P., Colin, W., Cui, M. K., Daniel, R., Dickherber, C., Duke, T., Ergin, S. J., Fegan, J. P., Finley, G., Finnegan, P., Fortin, A., Furni, D., Gall, G. H., Gillander, R., Guenette, G., Gyuk, J., Grube, D., Hanna, J., Holder, D., Horan, C. M., Hui, T. B., Humensky, A., Imran, P., Kaaret, N., Karlsson, M., Kertzman, D., Kieda, J., Kildea, A., Konopelko, H., Krawczynski, F., Krennrich, M. J., Lang, S., Lebohec, G., Maier, A., Mccann, M., Mccutcheon, A., Milovanovic, P., Moriarty, T., Nagai, R. A., Ong, A. N., Otte, D., Pandel, J. S., Perkin, A., Pichel, M., Pohl, K., Ragan, L. C., Reye, P. T., Reynold, E., Roache, H. J., Rose, M., Schroedter, G. H., Sembroski, A. W., Smith, D., Steele, S. P., Swordy, M., Theiling, J. A., Toner, L., Valcarcel, A., Varlotta, S. P., Wakely, J. E., Ward, T. C., Weeke, A., Weinstein, D. A., William, S., Wissel, M., Wood, B., Zitzer, Donnarumma I, Vittorini V, Vercellone S, del Monte E, Feroci M, DAmmando F, Pacciani L, Chen A W, Tavani M, Bulgarelli A, Giuliani A, Longo F, Pucella G, Argan A, Barbiellini G, Boffelli F, Caraveo P, Cattaneo P W, Cocco V, Costa E, DeParis G, Di Cocco G, Evangelista Y, Fiorini M, Froysland T, Frutti M, Fuschino F, Galli M, Gianotti F, Labanti C, Lapshov I, Lazzarotto F, Lipari P, Marisaldi M, Mastropietro M, Mereghetti S, Morelli E, Morselli A, Pellizzoni A, Perotti F, Picozza P, Porrovecchio G, Prest M, Rapisarda M, Rappoldi A, Rubini A, Soffitta P, Trifoglio M, Trois A, Vallazza E, Zambra A, Zanello D, Pittori C, Santolamazza P, Verrecchia F, Giommi P, Colafrancesco S, Salotti L, Villata M, Raiteri C M, Chen W P, Efimova N V, Jordan B, Konstantinova T S, Koptelova E, Kurtanidze O M, Larionov V M, Ros J A, Sadun A C, Anderhub H, Antonelli L A, Antoranz P, Backes M, Baixeras C, Balestra S, Barrio J A, Bartko H, Bastieri D, González J Becerra, Becker J K, Bednarek W, Berger K, Bernardini E, Biland A, Bock R K, Bonnoli G, Bordas P, Tridon D Borla, Bosch-Ramon V, Bretz T, Britvitch I, Camara M, Carmona E, Chilingarian A, Commichau S, Contreras J L, Cortina J, Costado M T, Covino S, Curtef V, Dazzi F, DeAngelis A, DeCea del Pozo E, de los Reyes R, DeLotto B, DeMaria M, DeSabata F, Mendez C Delgado, Dominguez A, Dorner D, Doro M, Elsaesser D, Errando M, Ferenc D, Fernández E, Firpo R, Fonseca M V, Font L, Galante N, García López R J, Garczarczyk M, Gaug M, Goebel F, Hadasch D, Hayashida M, Herrero A, Höhne-Mönch D, Hose J, Hsu C C, Huber S, Jogler T, Kranich D, La Barbera A, Laille A, Leonardo E, Lindfors E, Lombardi S, López M, Lorenz E, Majumdar P, Maneva G, Mankuzhiyil N, Mannheim K, Maraschi L, Mariotti M, Martínez M, Mazin D, Meucci M, Meyer M, Miranda J M, Mirzoyan R, Moldón J, Moles M, Moralejo A, Nieto D, Nilsson K, Ninkovic J, Oya I, Paoletti R, Paredes J M, Pasanen M, Pascoli D, Pauss F, Pegna R G, Perez-Torres M A, Persic M, Peruzzo L, Prada F, Prandini E, Puchades N, Raymers A, Rhode W, Ribó M, Rico J, Rissi M, Robert A, Rügamer S, Saggion A, Saito T Y, Salvati M, Sanchez-Conde M, Sartori P, Satalecka K, Scalzotto V, Scapin V, Schweizer T, Shayduk M, Shinozaki K, Shore S N, Sidro N, Sierpowska-Bartosik A, Sillanpää A, Sitarek J, Sobczynska D, Spanier F, Stamerra A, Stark L S, Takalo L, Tavecchio F, Temnikov P, Tescaro D, Teshima M, Tluczykont M, Torres D F, Turini N, Vankov H, Venturini A, Vitale V, Wagner R M, Wittek W, Zabalza V, Zandanel F, Zanin R, Zapatero J, Acciari V, Aliu E, Arlen T, Beilicke M, Benbow W, Bradbury S M, Buckley J H, Bugaev V, Butt Y, Byrum K, Cannon A, Cesarini A, Chow Y C, Ciupik L, Cogan P, Colin P, Cui W, Daniel M K, Dickherber R, Duke C, Ergin T, Fegan S J, Finley J P, Finnegan G, Fortin P, Furniss A, Gall D, Gillanders G H, Guenette R, Gyuk G, Grube J, Hanna D, Holder J, Horan D, Hui C M, Humensky T Brian, Imran A, Kaaret P, Karlsson N, Kertzman M, Kieda D, Kildea J, Konopelko A, Krawczynski H, Krennrich F, Lang M J, LeBohec S, Maier G, McCann A, McCutcheon M, Milovanovic A, Moriarty P, Nagai T, Ong R A, Otte A N, Pandel D, Perkins J S, Pichel A, Pohl M, Ragan K, Reyes L C, Reynolds P T, Roache E, Rose H J, Schroedter M, Sembroski G H, Smith A W, Steele D, Swordy S P, Theiling M, Toner J A, Valcarcel L, Varlotta A, Wakely S P, Ward J E, Weekes T C, Weinstein A, Williams D A, Wissel S, Wood M, and Zitzer B
Subjects: campaign, Raigs còsmics, BL Lacertae: individual: Mrk421, galaxies: jets, X-Rays: Galaxies, gamma rays: observations, radiation mechanisms: nonthermal, bl-lacertae objects, blazars, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, law.invention, Raigs gamma, law, optical, MAGIC (telescope), Agile, blazr, X-ray, gamma, high energy observation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, webt, Physics, x-ray-spectra, Astrophysics (astro-ph), gamma-rays, lac objects, xmm-newton, Spectral energy distribution, Electrónica, Física nuclear, Raigs X, Electricidad, Flare, outburst, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421) – gamma rays: observations – galaxies: jets – radiation mechanisms: non-thermal – X-rays: galaxies, Blazar, Cosmic rays, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gamma rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Active Galactic Nuclei, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, Light curve, Galaxies, Galàxies, MAGIC telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Very High Energy Gamma-ray Astronomy, ddc:520, AGILE satellite, bl lacertae objects: individual (mrk 421), Energy (signal processing), Lepton
Abstract: We present optical, X-ray, high energy ($\lessapprox 30$ GeV) and very high energy ($\gtrapprox 100$ GeV; VHE) observations of the high-frequency peaked blazar Mrk 421 taken between 2008 May 24 and June 23. A high energy $\gamma$-ray signal was detected by AGILE with \sqrt{TS}=4.5 on June 9--15, with $F(E>100 \mathrm{MeV})= 42^{+14}_{-12}\times 10^{-8}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. This flaring state is brighter than the average flux observed by EGRET by a factor of $\sim$3, but still consistent with the highest EGRET flux. In hard X-rays (20-60 keV) SuperAGILE resolved a 5-day flare (June 9-15) peaking at $\sim$ 55 mCrab. SuperAGILE, RXTE/ASM and Swift/BAT data show a correlated flaring structure between soft and hard X-rays. Hints of the same flaring behavior are also detected in the simultaneous optical data provided by the GASP-WEBT. A Swift/XRT observation near the flaring maximum revealed the highest 2-10 keV flux ever observed from this source, of 2.6 $\times 10^{-9}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ (i.e. > 100 mCrab). A peak synchrotron energy of $\sim$3 keV was derived, higher than typical values of $\sim$0.5-1 keV. VHE observations with MAGIC and VERITAS on June 6-8 show the flux peaking in a bright state, well correlated with the X-rays. This extraordinary set of simultaneous data, covering a twelve-decade spectral range, allowed for a deep analysis of the spectral energy distribution as well as of correlated light curves. The $\gamma$-ray flare can be interpreted within the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model in terms of a rapid acceleration of leptons in the jet., Comment: accepted for publication in ApJL, 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Published: 2009
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30 results on '"Ciupik, L"'

1. Detection of Pulsed Gamma Rays Above 100 GeV from the Crab Pulsar

2. Very high-energy gamma-ray follow-up program using neutrino triggers from IceCube

3. Multiwavelength study of quiescent states of MRK 421 with unprecedented hard x-ray coverage provided by NuSTAR in 2013

4. A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

5. Very high energy outburst of markarian 501 in may 2009

6. Spectral Energy Distribution of Markarian 501: Quiescent State Versus Extreme Outburst

7. The 2010 very high energy γ-ray flare and 10 years of multi-wavelength observations of M 87

8. SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF MARKARIAN 421 DURING OUTBURST

9. Veritas observations of the gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303

10. Observation of gamma-ray emission from the galaxy M87 above 250 GeV with VERITAS

11. Discovery of very high energy gamma rays from 1ES 1440+122.

12. Status of the VERITAS Observatory.

13. OBSERVATIONS OF THE UNIDENTIFIED GAMMA-RAY SOURCE TeV J2032+4130 BY VERITAS.

14. LONG-TERM TeV AND X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE GAMMA-RAY BINARY HESS J0632+057.

15. LONG TERM OBSERVATIONS OF B2 1215+30 WITH VERITAS.

16. DISCOVERY OF TeV GAMMA-RAY EMISSION TOWARD SUPERNOVA REMNANT SNR G78.2+2.1.

17. DISCOVERY OF HIGH-ENERGY AND VERY HIGH ENERGY λ-RAY EMISSION FROM THE BLAZAR RBS 0413.

18. VERITAS OBSERVATIONS OF DAY-SCALE FLARING OF M 87 IN 2010 April.

19. GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE Be/PULSAR BINARY IA 0535+262 DURING A GIANT X-RAY OUTBURST.

20. Insights into the High-energy γ-ray Emission of Markarian 501 from Extensive Multifrequency Observations in the Fermi Era

21. TEST OF MODELS OF THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND WITH MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE BLAZAR 1ES 1218+30.4 IN 2009.

22. SPATIALLY RESOLVING THE VERY HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM MGRO J2019+37 WITH VERITAS.

23. INVESTIGATING THE TeV MORPHOLOGY OF MGRO J1908+06 WITH VERITAS.

24. SEARCH FOR A CORRELATION BETWEEN VERY-HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA RAYS AND GIANT RADIO PULSES IN THE CRAB PULSAR.

25. MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF THE AGN 1ES 0414+009 WITH VERITAS, FERMI-LAT, SWIFT-XRT, AND MDM.

26. Gamma-ray observations under bright moonlight with VERITAS.

27. Observation of Markarian 421 in TeV gamma rays over a 14-year time span.

28. Results from the first two years of VERITAS observations

29. The 2009 multiwavelength campaign on Mrk 421: Variability and correlation studies

30. THE JUNE 2008 FLARE OF MARKARIAN 421 FROM OPTICAL TO TeV ENERGIES

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