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The objective of this study is to determine the optimal composition of slag formed in the ladle furnace unit with maximum desulfurizing properties. A method of calculating the refining properties of slag that takes into account the ionic nature of oxide melts is proposed. Based on the revealed regularities, slag compositions are selected depending on the technological operation of deoxidizing/alloying. As a result of the implemented measures, sulfur removal performance in the ladle furnace unit was improved, and the costs of slag-forming materials were reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The MgO content in ladle slags is addressed. It is important to tend to, but not to exceed the MgO saturation limit during slag induction. Exceeding this limit will have an adverse effect on the refining properties of slag. The heating temperature of the slag and metal in a ladle furnace is studied. It is shown that the MgO saturation limit varies during steel processing. Taking this variation into account allows adjusting the target content of this oxide when calculating the amount of injected MgO-containing materials, ensuring low corrosivity of homogeneous slag to the lining, while maintaining its refining properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method for controlling dynamic current-voltage characteristics in an electric arc furnace is described. The influence of the electrode's current direct component on the accuracy of estimating the resistance of the furnace zones and the direct components of the arc current and voltage is noted. An improved algorithm for determining these parameters is presented with the results of its testing in a laboratory experiment on the use of a metallized additive to a charge for steel smelting. Not only was the addition of scale shown to have no negative effect on the process, it resulted in a slight decrease in the magnitude of the arc direct component, as well as contributing to the slag foaming process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ladle furnaces at Evraz Nizhnii Tagil Iron and Steel Works OJSC produce over 90,000 metric tons of slag per year. As this slag cools, it turns into a fine-grained powder; if the powder cannot be sold, it is temporarily stored until it can be disposed of [1]. We have considered producing easily used flux sinter from the slag generated during ladle processing of steel (hereinafter, ladle-furnace slag or LFS). Since LFS still contains a large number of metallic inclusions, it cannot be included in sinter fed into a hammer mill via the enclosed lime feed trough. LFS was therefore added to the iron flux charge along with the steel smelting fluxes in a duplex and mono process (steel converter slag (SCS) and vanadiumbearing converter slag (VCS)); the fluxes are then crushed in a jaw crusher. A successful test of the use of LFS in sinter was performed, the charge was free of raw limestone, coke consumption was lower, sinter machinery production capacity was higher, and the weight/sample ratio of the sintered product was improved. Since SCS and VCS contain up to 3.0% V2O5, this provided an opportunity to increase vanadium use during the blast-furnace sintering process by more than 100 metric tons of vanadium per month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The working layer of a ladle furnace unit (LFU) lining made from periclase-graphite refractory is most strongly subjected to the effect of corrosion factors that concern thermal, mechanical, and chemical action. The strongest destructive effect on a lining is the chemical factor. This article provides results of studying the effect slag phase composition on chemical breakdown of a LFU periclase-graphite lining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]