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Aim This study examined the antifungal activity of the combination of tyrosol and farnesol against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata in the planktonic state or forming biofilms. Methods and Results The effect of drug association against Candida planktonic cells was assessed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Mono- and dual-species biofilms were developed during 24 h and then treated with the compounds for 3 days, with two daily treatments of 1 min each. After, the total biomass, metabolic activity and the number of cultivable cells were quantified. Planktonic cells of the two species showed a similar susceptibility to the drug combination, however, a synergistic effect was only verified for C. glabrata. Regarding biofilm susceptibility, significant reductions in C. glabrata biomass, metabolism of C. albicans and mixed biofilms, and cultivable cells of single biofilms were verified for the drug combination, indicating an additive effect. For all other experiments, the effects were classified as indifferent. Conclusion The combined use of tyrosol and farnesol was advantageous for some of the analysed parameters against Candida species. Significance and Impact of the Study These findings may contribute to the development of oral care products containing tyrosol and farnesol to combat oral infections caused by Candida species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tyrosol on the formation of single and mixed biofilms of Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 and Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 formed on acrylic resin ( AR) and hydroxyapatite ( HA) surfaces. Methods and Results Single and mixed biofilms were formed on AR and HA in the presence of tyrosol at 50, 100 and 200 mmol l−1, during 48 h. Next, antimicrobial activity was assessed through metabolic activity ( XTT reduction assay) and the number of colony-forming units ( CFUs). Scanning electron microscopy observations were performed in order to analyse biofilm structure. Tyrosol, mainly at 200 mmol l−1, significantly decreased the metabolic activity and number of CFUs for all single and mixed-species biofilms formed on both surfaces. SEM images suggested cell damage caused by tyrosol. Conclusion Tyrosol showed inhibitory effects against biofilms formed by important oral pathogens. Significance and Impact of the Study This is the first study showing the antibiofilm effect of tyrosol on Candida species and Strep. mutans in single and mixed cultures. These results may be useful in the development of topical therapies focused on preventing biofilm-associated oral diseases, such as denture stomatitis and dental caries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]