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The yield forecasts for almost all summer crops in the EU were revised downwards from the July forecast, but remain above or near the 5-year average. Compared to the figures reported in July, the main downward revisions occurred for summer crops in France, Romania, Bulgaria, Germany, the Benelux countries and Poland. By contrast, the yield forecast for soybeans was revised upwards, as very favourable conditions prevailed in northern Italy and Hungary. Large parts of western and northern central Europe have been affected by a rain deficit since the beginning of July. Temperatures increased in these regions at the end of July, and a heatwave of seven to ten consecutive days occurred in the first half of August. The combination of limited water supply and high temperatures negatively affected summer crops, with expected reductions in yields. In southern Ukraine and eastern parts of Romania and Bulgaria, the return of drought conditions negatively impacted summer crops, leading to the early senescence of maize and sunflower crops. In contrast, summer crops benefited from a surplus of precipitation in many other parts of central Europe, eastern Italy, and western Romania., JRC.D.5-Food Security

Winter crops are advanced and in good shape in most of Europe, following a mild winter. Cold spells have been rare and have not caused significant damage. Large parts of southern Europe experienced a precipitation deficit; more rain will be needed there to sustain good crop growth., JRC.D.5-Food Security

Little relief for summer crops, JRC.H.4-Monitoring Agricultural Resources

A cold December in western Europe; milder weather with wide fluctuations in eastern Europe, the Black Sea basin and Russia. Crop conditions across Europe are considered satisfactory and no major concerns are reported. Western Europe experienced a cold December with early winter crop dormancy and partially lower biomass accumulation before the winter. It was milder than usual in eastern Europe, the Black Sea basin and Russia, but wide fluctuations and a sharp frost did occur, adversely affecting crops in Russia and Ukraine. For the EU-27 there are no particular frost kill concerns; snow covered the crops during cold temperatures in December and the cold spells in January. Crops are vulnerable to late frosts due to rather mild temperatures in February., JRC.DDG.H.4-Monitoring agricultural resources

Difficult season and decrease of planted areas lead to average production levels., JRC.DG.G.3-Monitoring agricultural resources