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Postharvest harmful pathogenic infestation leads to rapid decay in longan fruit. Compared with P. longanae-infected longans, AEOW alleviated fruit disease severity and diminished the O 2 production rate and MDA content. It also increased APX, CAT, and SOD activities, delayed the decrease in the levels of GSH and AsA, as well as the reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging ability, which resulted in a decline in membrane lipid peroxidation in P. longanae-infected longans. Additionally, AEOW reduced LOX, lipase, PI-PLC, PC-PLC, and PLD activities, maintained higher levels of PC, PI, IUFA, USFAs, and U/S, while reducing levels of PA, DAG, SFAs, and CMP. These effects alleviated membrane lipid degradation and peroxidation in P. longanae-infected longans. Consequently, AEOW effectively maintained membrane integrity via improving antioxidant capacity and suppressing membrane lipid peroxidation. This comprehensive coordination of ROS and membrane lipid metabolisms improved fruit resistance and delayed disease development in longans.-. production rate and MDA content. It also increased APX, CAT, and SOD activities, delayed the decrease in the levels of GSH and AsA, as well as the reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging ability, which resulted in a decline in membrane lipid peroxidation in P. longanae-infected longans. Additionally, AEOW reduced LOX, lipase, PI-PLC, PC-PLC, and PLD activities, maintained higher levels of PC, PI, IUFA, USFAs, and U/S, while reducing levels of PA, DAG, SFAs, and CMP. These effects alleviated membrane lipid degradation and peroxidation in P. longanae-infected longans. Consequently, AEOW effectively maintained membrane integrity via improving antioxidant capacity and suppressing membrane lipid peroxidation. This comprehensive coordination of ROS and membrane lipid metabolisms improved fruit resistance and delayed disease development in longans., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Postharvest longan fruits are subjected to Phomopsis longanae Chi (P. longanae) infection that lead to fruit quality deterioration. We hypothesized that ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) could enhance fruit disease resistance in longans. Through physiological and transcriptomic analyses, the results showed that, compared to P. longanae-infected longan fruit, ε-PL + P. longanae treatment reduced the disease development of longan fruits. Additionally, ε-PL + P. longanae treatment increased the contents of disease-resistant substances (lignin and H 2 O 2 ) and the activities of disease-resistance enzymes (CHI, PAL, PPO, C4H, CAD, GLU, 4CL, and POD). Furthermore, the expressions of genes relevant to the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and plant-pathogen interaction pathway (Rboh, FLS2, WRKY29, FRK1, and PR1) were up-regulated by ε-PL + P. longanae treatment. These findings demonstrated that ε-PL treatment inhibited the disease development of postharvest longan fruits were associated with the increased accumulation of disease-resistant related substances, as well as the raised activities and genes expressions of disease-resistance related enzymes., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The impacts of chilling injury (CI) temperature (2 °C) and non-CI temperature (8 °C) on the CI development, browning occurrence, and its underlying mechanism in Chinese olives were investigated. The results showed that, 2 °C induced higher levels of CI index, browning degree, chromaticity a* and b* values, but lower values of h°, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in Chinese olives as compared to 8 °C. Furthermore, 2 °C raised cell membrane permeability, increased the activities of phospholipase D, lipase and lipoxygenase, accelerated the hydrolyses of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol to phosphatidic acid, and promoted the conversions of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in Chinese olives. Moreover, 2 °C-stored Chinese olives showed higher activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, but lower contents of tanin, flavonoid and phenolics. These findings demonstrated that the CI and browning developments in Chinese olives were closely associated with the metabolisms of membrane lipid and phenolics., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Longan fruit loses its market value rapidly due to postharvest pathogenic infestation and quality deterioration. Here, we hypothesized that acidic electrolyzed water (AEW) could maintain higher quality of P. longanae-inoculated longans via regulating energy metabolism. Results indicated that AEW reduced fruit disease index and decay incidence. Significantly, AEW treatment retained higher levels of ATP, ADP, and energy charge, and higher activities of Ca 2+ -ATPase, Mg 2+ -ATPase, and H + -ATPase in the membranes of plasma, vacuole, and mitochondria, which maintained the structural and functional integrity of cell membrane. Furthermore, indirectly sustaining cell membrane function via AEW treatment could maintain the storability and quality properties of longans, including keeping higher values of color chromaticity (L*, a*, and b*), higher amounts of vitamin C, total soluble solids, sucrose, and total soluble sugars, lower titratable acid and reducing sugar contents. This work elucidated the potential regulation of AEW on the balance of energy metabolism and fruit quality., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Compared with P. longanae-infected longan, 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) treatment for P. longanae-infected longan displayed the lower levels of pulp firmness, cell wall materials, ionic-soluble pectin, covalent-soluble pectin, hemicellulose, or cellulose, but the higher amount of water-soluble pectin, the higher activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) (PG, β-Gal, PME, Cx, and XET), and the higher transcript levels of CWDEs-related genes (DlPG1, DlPG2, Dlβ-Gal1, DlPME1, DlPME2, DlPME3, DlCx1, and DlXET30). On the contrary, ATP treatment for P. longanae-infected longan exhibited opposite effects. The above results imply that DNP accelerated P. longanae-induced pulp softening and breakdown of fresh longan, which was because DNP up-regulated the transcript levels of CWDEs-related genes, enhanced the CWDEs activities, and accelerated the degradation of cell wall polysaccharides (CWP). However, ATP suppressed longan pulp softening and breakdown caused by P. longanae, because ATP down-regulated the transcript levels of CWDEs-related genes, lowered the CWDEs activities, and reduced the CWP degradation., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Harvested wampee fruit is susceptible to disease, resulting in postharvest losses. Acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), a safe and innovative sterilization technology, plays a role in enhancing disease resistance in harvested produce. In this study, the efficacy of AEW in delaying wampee disease development was assessed, along with its association with disease resistance metabolism. Wampee fruit was treated with AEW (pH 2.5) at different available chlorine concentrations (ACCs) (20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/L) and subsequently stored at 25 °C for 8 days. Results revealed that 40 mg/L ACC in AEW (pH 2.5) was most effective in improving the postharvest quality of wampee fruit. Compared with control wampee fruit, those treated with 40 mg/L ACC in AEW exhibited lower incidence of fruit disease, higher pericarp lignin content, and higher activities of pericarp disease resistance enzymes (DREs), such as cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, polyphenol oxidase, 4-coumarate CoA ligase, and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. These results suggested that AEW elevated DRE activities, promoted lignin accumulation, and ultimately enhanced disease resistance, suppressed disease development, and improved storage quality in harvested wampee fruit. Consequently, AEW emerged as a safe technology to mitigate the disease development and enhance the storage quality of harvested wampee fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy transport system plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular energy status. The adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) family includes ATP/ADP carrier (AAC) and ATP/AMP translocator (ADNT). This research aims to illuminate the role of energy transport in pericarp browning process of postharvest longans. The results elucidated that the ATP content decreased with longan pericarp browning, and was positively correlated with expression levels of DlAAC1 and DlAAC5. Besides, the bongkrekic acid (BKA) treatment, which has a strong energy transport inhibitory property, could down-regulate the expressions of DlANTs , maintain lower energy level and activities of Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and H+-ATPase in membranes of plasmas, mitochondria and vacuoles, and hasten the browning development of postharvest longan. While the ATP treatment kept higher expression levels of DlANTs , higher energy level and ATPase activities, and reduced the occurrence of longan pericarp browning. These findings suggested that the expression of DlANTs was regulated by energy status, and the inhibition of energy transport could lead to the reduction of energy level, the decreased ATPase activities, the down-regulated expressions of DlANTs , which might cause energy deficiency and thus accelerated pericarp browning of harvested longan fruit. [Display omitted] • The inhibition of energy transport accelerated the browning of longan. • The inhibition of energy transport induced the energy deficiency of longan. • The inhibition of energy transport accelerated the reduction of ATPase activities. • Energy status affected the expression characteristics of DlANTs. • The DlAAC1 and DlAAC5 might play key roles in energy transport of longan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• AEOW is an environmentally friendly and economical treatment for navel oranges. • AEOW reduced disease development and postharvest loss of navel oranges during storage. • AEOW retarded the quality deterioration of postharvest navel oranges. • AEOW retained higher rate of commercially acceptable fruit in harvested navel oranges. • AEOW retained higher nutritional ingredients in harvested navel oranges. Postharvest navel oranges are susceptible to fruit spoilage and quality deterioration, which restricts their storage-life and commercial values. Acidic electrolyzed-oxidizing water (AEOW) is a safe, economic and environmentally friendly postharvest treatment method that can maintain the quality of fresh products and prolong their storage life. Effects of AEOW with pH 2.5 and 75 mg/L of available chlorine concentration (ACC) on the storability and quality properties of 'Newhall' navel orange fruit during postharvest storage from 0 to 180 d were detected. Compared with the control group, AEOW-treated navel oranges displayed a lower respiration rate and cell membrane permeability, lower occurrence of fruit disease and weight loss, a higher commercially acceptable fruit rate, higher values of L *, b *, C as well as h° , and lower values of a * and citrus color index. Moreover, samples treated with AEOW were able to maintain higher contents of flesh carotenoid, flavonoid, and total phenolics. The AEOW treatment was conducive to maintaining higher fruit firmness and postponing the decomposition of flesh total soluble solids, total soluble sugar, sucrose sugar, reducing sugar, and vitamin C, and maintaining higher titratable acidity of navel oranges during storage. These findings corroborated that the AEOW treatment could be a means for maintaining quality attributes and improving the storability of navel oranges. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold storage is widely applied in postharvest fruit for quality maintenance. However, Chinese olive fruit suffers severe chilling injury (CI) during improper cold storage. In present work, the metabolisms of energy and proline in Chinese olive fruit during CI occurrence were investigated. Compared with the cold storage at 8 °C, the cold storage at 2 °C raised CI index, reduced the activities of Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and H+-ATPase in the membranes of mitochondria, plasma and vacuole, decreased the levels of energy charge, ATP, and ADP, but elevated the content of AMP in Chinese olive fruit. Furthermore, 2 °C cold-stored fruit presented lower proline amount, lower P5CS and OAT activities, but higher PDH activity. These data demonstrated that the reduced levels of energy and proline were associated with the CI occurrence of cold-stored Chinese olives. [Display omitted] • 2 °C induced chilling injury in Chinese olive fruit during storage. • 2 °C decreased the ATP and ADP contents and energy status in Chinese olive fruit. • 2 °C reduced Ca2+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activities in Chinese olive fruit. • 2 °C reduced the proline content in Chinese olive fruit • 2 °C lowered P5CS and OAT activities, but raised PDH activity in Chinese olive fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• GABA reduced O 2 −. generation rate and MDA content in cold-stored Chinese olives. • GABA retained higher activities of APX, CAT and SOD in cold-stored Chinese olives. • GABA retained higher amounts of GSH and AsA in cold-stored Chinese olives. • GABA retained higher ability of scavenging DPPH radical and higher reducing power. • GABA reduced chilling injury of Chinese olives via raising ROS scavenging capacity. Chinese olives are susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during refrigeration. Exploring economical and convenient approaches to suppress CI development is important for preserving fruit quality and prolonging postharvest shelf-life of Chinese olives. In this study, the effects of 1.0 mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) treatment on CI development and ROS metabolism in cold-stored Chinese olives at 2 °C for 100 d were evaluated. The results demonstrated that, compared to control Chinese olives, GABA treatment observably alleviated CI development, remarkably suppressed the increased CI index, O 2 −. production rate, and MDA amount, but retained higher SOD, CAT and APX activities, higher values of GSH and AsA, higher abilities of scavenging DPPH radical, and higher reducing power. On the last day of storage (day 100), CI index, O 2 −. production rate, and MDA content in control Chinese olives were 2.06-, 1.28, 1.48-fold higher compared with those of GABA-treated fruits. In contract, SOD, CAT and APX activities in GABA-treated fruits were 1.54-, 3.24, 1.57-fold higher than in that of control Chinese olives. The GSH and AsA contents, DPPH scavenging ability and reducing power were 64.7%, 128.4%, 51.8% and 35.0% higher in GABA-treated olives, as compared to control fruits. Together, these findings indicate that 1.0 mM GABA shows a potential application in improving antioxidant capacity and alleviating CI development of Chinese olives during cold storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chilling injury (CI) and browning occurrence are pivotal issues during the cold storage of postharvest Chinese olive fruit. This study evaluates the effects of non-chilling temperature (8 °C) and chilling temperature (2 °C) on CI development, browning occurrence, and respiratory metabolism in postharvest Chinese olives. Compared to storage at 8 °C, storage at 2 °C significantly induced CI, accompanied by higher indices of CI and browning, as well as a higher fruit respiratory rate. Storage at 2 °C increased the activities of phosphohexose isomerase (PGI), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO), and cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) by 55.1%, 11.1%, 26.4%, and 98.8%, respectively, on day 120. On the other hand, storage at 2 °C reduced the activities of NAD kinase (NADK), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH) + glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) by 95.6% and 6.6%, respectively, on day 120. The contents of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its reduced form of NAD (NADH) increased by 10.0% and 22.8%, respectively, in fruit stored at 2 °C on day 120. Conversely, the contents of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and its reduced form (NADPH) decreased by 58.3% and 64.4%, respectively, in fruit stored 2 °C on day 120. These findings indicate that CI development and browning occurrence in Chinese olives induced by storage at 2 °C were associated with a higher respiratory rate, increased activities of PGI, SDH, AAO, and CCO, higher contents of NAD(H), reduced activities of 6-PGDH + G-6-PDH, and lower contents of NADP(H). • Chilling injury was found in chilling temperature (2 °C)-stored Chinese olive fruit. • 2 °C-stored fruit showed higher respiration rate than non-chilling temperature (8 °C). • 2 °C-stored fruit displayed higher activities of PGI, SDH, AAO, and CCO than 8 °C. • 2 °C-stored fruit manifested higher contents of NAD and NADH than 8 °C. • 2 °C reduced activities of NADK, 6-PGDH + G-6-PDH, and NADP(H) content than 8 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]