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This work describes the post-quantum algorithm FrodoKEM, its hardware implementation in VHDL and software simulation of implementation. The issue of postquantum cryptography and the VHDL programming language used to describe the functionality of the hardware was studied. The acquired knowledge was transformed into a functional simulation of all parts of the algorithm. All these parts have already been implemented separately, so that the functionality of every single part can be separately approached. These parts are key generation, encapsulation and decapsulation. After successful simulation. These parts will be synthetised and implemented to FPGA board NEXYS A7.

Subordonné à Frodo par le schéma actantiel du Seigneur des Anneaux et par son statut social qui le rattache à un autre registre ou genre littéraire, Sam peut aussi être vu comme l’image d’un serviteur de la Première Guerre mondiale, tendrement fidèle à son officier. Une importance particulière sera donnée au chapitre final du livre IV, dans lequel Sam pourrait devenir le héros du roman, mais le refuse. Cet épisode manifeste qu’il est un personnage secondaire parce qu’il a conscience d’être dans un récit ; parce qu’il en est, en puissance, déjà un narrateur. Sam is subordinate to Frodo because of the actantial model of the Lord of the Rings and of his social status, which makes him related to another register or literary genre. Sam may also be seen as similar to a First World War “batman”, tenderly faithful to his officer. Close attention will be paid to the final chapter of book IV, in which Sam could become the hero of the novel, but refuses to do so. This episode shows Sam as a sidekick because he is aware of being in a story; because potentially he is already its narrator.

Secure and reliable communication have always been critical part of todays infrastructure. Various asymmetric encryption schemes, such as RSA, have been used to achieve this goal. However, with advancements in quantum computing, current encryption schemes are becoming more vulnerable since they are weak to certain quantum attacks, such as Shor’s Algorithm. Therefore demand for post-quantum cryptography (PQC), which is not vulnerable to quantum attacks, is apparent. This work’s goal is to evaluate and compare PQC algorithms.

This work arose primarily from two circumstances: my appreciation for J. R. R. Tolkien and his work, and my propensity towards those literary words that evoke images to be not only seen, but also felt. The more I read Tolkien, the more this appreciation grows. My overall goal in this research is to track the spatial elements presented in The Lord of the Rings (1954), centering on the imagetic formations that make abstract ideas into concrete images. Such images enable the reader to visualize those abstractions and connect them to the protagonist of the narrative, Frodo Baggins. Frodo got involved in the Great War of the Ring without meaning to. Nevertheless, he is the only one who can take the Ring back to place where it was forged, in order to destroy it. In spite of considering himself fragile when contrasted with the great enemy, the little hobbit opens his way towards the dark land. The crossing from the Shire (where the hobbits live) to Mordor (the Dark Lord’s land) is long, full of surprises, has unknown places and unexpected meetings. In this sense, the fact that Frodo undertakes a journey is really significant, because it makes him an active character in space and time within the plot. This way, while he wanders through many symptomatic different places (allowing us to keep up with him in this travelling), Frodo provides many pertinent associations between landscape and character, and this plays essential rode in highlighting the antithetical meanings contained in the plot. By connecting the fictional and theoretical readings, I analyse Tolkien’s narrative structure, along with the constitution of space in Middle-earth, to understand the use of the lexicon space and identify how the work’s imagery is composed. In the end of this journey (which becomes our journey, as we keep up with Frodo), I aim to establish in what ways the walkway and the meeting with different places may change the protagonist. Este trabalho surgiu, principalmente, de duas circunstâncias: minha apreciação por J. R. R. Tolkien e toda a sua obra; e o meu gosto por aquelas palavras literárias que evocam imagens possíveis de serem não só vistas, mas também sentidas. A partir de então, ele cresceu conforme foi sendo desenvolvido. O objetivo geral aqui é estabelecer a pesquisa que rastreia diversos elementos do espaço romanesco em The Lord of the Rings (1954). Através deste estudo, pode-se encontrar muitas constituições imagéticas que tornam ideias abstratas em imagens concretas, possibilitando a sua visualização por parte do leitor. Ademais, interessa o modo como esse espaço se relaciona com o protagonista da narrativa: Frodo Baggins. Frodo foi envolvido na Grande Guerra do Anel sem intenções de o fazer. Entretanto, é ele o único que pode levar o Anel até o local onde foi forjado, a fim de destruí-lo. Apesar de pensar a si mesmo como frágil diante do grande inimigo, o pequeno hobbit inicia seu caminho, em direção à terra sombria. A travessia do Shire (local onde moram os hobbits) até Mordor (a terra do Senhor do Escuro) é longa, repleta de surpresas, lugares desconhecidos e encontros inesperados. Nesse sentido, o fato de Frodo empreender uma jornada é bastante significativo, pois essa condição faz dele um personagem ativo dentro do espaço-tempo do enredo. Dessa forma, ao percorrer lugares sintomaticamente diferentes, e permitindo que o acompanhemos nessa travessia, proporciona muitas associações pertinentes entre paisagem e personagem, constituindo papel essencial nos significados antitéticos da obra. Com a convergência entre as leituras fictícias e teóricas, buscou-se analisar a estrutura narrativa de Tolkien, ao constituir o espaço da Terra-média. Para isso, observa-se a maneira como os diversos elementos romanescos são empregados – como o léxico referente ao espaço, por exemplo – com a finalidade de identificar a composição imagética na obra. Ao fim dessa que, ao acompanhar Frodo, se torna também a nossa jornada, procurou-se estabelecer as maneiras como a passagem e a vivência em diferentes espaços altera a personalidade do protagonista.

Although they are very different in many aspects, Beowulf and The Lord of the Rings are two famous works influenced by the same subject – the Christianity. They both have Christ-like characters. The hero Beowulf is more a combination of Christ’s characteristics and certain traits of the Old Testament saviours. In The Lord of the Rings there is no true Christ figure, but there are three main characters that shadow the life and teachings of Jesus. One can also observe a certain type of followers representing devoted disciples or even true Christians. On the other hand, there are certain monsters and characters that represent the evil or Satan. In Beowulf there are three monsters that are the enemies of the hero. They kill and destroy everyone and everything in their paths. The hero was sent by God and needs to stop them. In The Lord of the Rings evil is not only represented by monsters but by humans and a Hobbit that are under the influence of the One Ring. All antagonists are connected to it and all of them want it for themselves. The ring represents the sin. That sin in Tolkien’s world corrupts all that is created. It turns a Hobbit into Gollum. Just like any other sin it brings destruction and misery. Evil is incapable of creation; it only corrupts what is already there. That can be observed in the creation of orcs and trolls who were actually elves and ents before they got corrupted by the evil. Both authors shadowed the Bible in their works. They either retell it like in the case of Cain, the Flood, or in the case of angels’ and Adam and Eve’s fall, or they shadow it like in the case of great battles, people’s behaviour, prayers and Hrothgar’s sermon. The anonymous author and Tolkien were true Christian believers and both of them infused many Christian themes into their works.

Delamination of neural crest (NC) cells is a bona fide physiological model of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is influenced by Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Using two in vivo models, we show that Wnt/β-catenin signalling is transiently inhibited at the time of NC delamination. In attempting to define the mechanism underlying this inhibition, we found that the scaffold proteins Dact1 and Dact2, which are expressed in pre-migratory NC cells, are required for NC delamination in Xenopus and chick embryos, whereas they do not affect the motile properties of migratory NC cells. Dact1/2 inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signalling upstream of the transcriptional activity of T cell factor (TCF), which is required for EMT to proceed. Dact1/2 regulate the subcellular distribution of β-catenin, preventing β-catenin from acting as a transcriptional coactivator to TCF, yet without affecting its stability. Together, these data identify a novel yet important regulatory element that inhibits β-catenin signalling, which then affects NC delamination., This work was supported by the Medical Research Council [MR/J000655/1 and MR/ M010465 to R.M.]; the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) [M008517 to R.M.]; the Ministerio de Economı́a y Competitividad [BFU2011-24099 to S.P.; BFU2013-46477-P and BFU2014-55738-REDT to E.M.].

Members of the Dact protein family initially were identified through binding to Dishevelled (Dvl), a cytoplasmic protein central to Wnt signaling. During mouse development, Dact1 is detected in the presomitic mesoderm and somites during segmentation, in the limb bud mesenchyme and other mesoderm-derived tissues, and in the central nervous system (CNS). Dact2 expression is most prominent during organogenesis of the thymus, kidneys, and salivary glands, with much lower levels in the somites and in the developing CNS. Dact3, not previously described in any organism, is expressed in the ventral region of maturing somites, limb bud and branchial arch mesenchyme, and in the embryonic CNS; of the three paralogs, it is the most highly expressed in the adult cerebral cortex. These data are consistent with studies in other vertebrates showing that Dact paralogs have distinct signaling and developmental roles and suggest they may differentially contribute to postnatal brain physiology.

The Lord of the Rings is one of the most read novels throughout history. Its popularity is huge and it has a fan-base matched only by that of Star Trek and Star Wars. It is believed that its popularity is due to its applicability and its many interesting characters – which all have different personalities and appeal to different people. One of the most popular main characters is the powerful wizard Gandalf. In this essay, I argue that in Tolkien’s novel The Lord of the Rings, Gandalf's relationship to Frodo is constructed as a mentorship as defined by the modern pedagogical research, in order to examine what affect Gandalf's mentoring has on Frodo. In order to confirm this, it will first be established that Gandalf and Frodo has the potential to be in a mentoring relationship. Second, a close reading of the novel will be undertaken, analyzing Gandalf's and Frodo's interaction, comparing it to the interaction between a "good mentor" and his mentee, as defined by modern pedagogical research. Third, I will analyze how Gandalf's actions as a mentor influence Frodo's development and actions in the novel. This study shows that Gandalf and Frodo did indeed interact in the way of a mentor and his mentee. Furthermore, Gandalf performed his role the way a "good mentor" should; he asked questions, challenged productivity, encouraged risk-taking, helped to identify goals, listened actively, offered encouragement, promoted independence, provided feedback, shared critical knowledge, provided structure and gradually granted Frodo more responsibilities – the way a "good mentor" should. This all contributed to Frodo's success in helping him develop confidence, competence, self-knowledge, self-sufficiency and determination.

Distributed Constraint Optimization (DCOP) is a field that has recently been getting more and more attention from academia and industry. However, very few open-source, off-the-shelf tools are currently available to solve DCOPs; examples are FRODO, DisChoco and DCOPolis. A DCOP platform should possess the following key qualities: the framework should be reliable and extensively tested, deployable in a truly distributed setting, and modular so that it is easy to customize and extend. This poster presents the Java-based FRODO 2.0 framework, which possesses all three qualities. It is a complete re-design of the FRODO framework, released under the GNU Affero GPL license.

Distributed Constraint Optimization (DCOP) is a field that has recently been getting more and more attention from academia and industry. However, very few open-source, off-the-shelf tools are currently available to solve DCOPs; examples are FRODO, DisChoco and DCOPolis. A DCOP platform should possess the following key qualities: the framework should be reliable and extensively tested, deployable in a truly distributed setting, and modular so that it is easy to customize and extend. This paper introduces the Java-based FRODO 2.0 framework, which possesses all three qualities. It is a complete re-design of the FRODO framework, released under the GNU Affero GPL license.

Submitted by SERGIO RICARDO PERASSOLI JUNIOR null (sergio.perassoli@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-24T12:47:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Sérgio Ricardo Perassoli Junior.pdf: 2376400 bytes, checksum: 86f5ea739113546cb42bf9a9c18b6a44 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-07-26T14:30:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 perassoli_sr_me_arafcl.pdf: 2376400 bytes, checksum: 86f5ea739113546cb42bf9a9c18b6a44 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-26T14:30:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 perassoli_sr_me_arafcl.pdf: 2376400 bytes, checksum: 86f5ea739113546cb42bf9a9c18b6a44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-29 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar e investigar o processo de individuação da personagem Frodo Bolseiro em O Senhor dos Anéis [The Lord of The Rings, 1950], romance mais importante do escritor John Ronald Reuel Tolkien. O processo de individuação, conceito desenvolvido pelo psiquiatra suíço Carl G. Jung, é um tema sobremaneira relevante, caracterizado como a tendência da psique de encontrar o equilíbrio e a completude. Essa tendência aparece frequentemente na extensa obra de Tolkien e é muito explorada na jornada da personagem Frodo, o principal herói do romance em questão. Frodo passa por diversas experiências e encontra diversas figuras arquetípicas que, pode-se afirmar, apontam para um processo de individuação nos termos junguianos. Para aprofundar e enriquecer a análise, serão apresentados teóricos da literatura como Northrop Frye e Gaston Bachelard, que foram influenciados pela psicologia arquetípica de Carl Jung. O trabalho que ora se apresenta também pretende ilustrar a importância das ideias de Jung e dos principais conceitos da psicologia arquetípica para o estudo da personagem e para a própria crítica literária. This research aims to analyse the individuation process of the character Frodo Baggins in The Lord of the Rings (1951), J.R.R. Tolkien’s masterpiece. The individuation process, a concept developed by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung, is a most relevant theme characterized as the psyche tendency to reach balance. This tendency is frequently shown in Tolkien’s extensive work and it is very much explored in Frodo’s journey, the main hero of the novel. Frodo goes through several life experiences and meets lots of archetypal figures that point to an individuation process. To go deeper, enriching the analysis, literature theorists as Northrop Frye and Gaston Bachelard, who were influenced by Jung’s psychology, will be introduced. This research also intends to make clear the importance of Jung’s archetypal psychology for literary criticism.

Distributed Constraint Satisfaction (DisCSP) and Distributed Constraint Optimization (DCOP) are formal frameworks that can be used to model a variety of problems in which multiple decision-makers cooperate towards a common goal: from computing an equilibrium of a game, to vehicle routing problems, to combinatorial auctions. In this thesis, we independently address two important issues in such multi-agent problems: 1) how to provide strong guarantees on the protection of the privacy of the participants, and 2) how to anticipate future, uncontrollable events. On the privacy front, our contributions depart from previous work in two ways. First, we consider not only constraint privacy (the agents' private costs) and decision privacy (keeping the complete solution secret), but also two other types of privacy that have been largely overlooked in the literature: agent privacy, which has to do with protecting the identities of the participants, and topology privacy, which covers information about the agents' co-dependencies. Second, while previous work focused mainly on quantitatively measuring and reducing privacy loss, our algorithms provide stronger, qualitative guarantees on what information will remain secret. Our experiments show that it is possible to provide such privacy guarantees, while still scaling to much larger problems than the previous state of the art. When it comes to reasoning under uncertainty, we propose an extension to the DCOP framework, called DCOP under Stochastic Uncertainty (StochDCOP), which includes uncontrollable, random variables with known probability distributions that model uncertain, future events. The problem becomes one of making "optimal" offline decisions, before the true values of the random variables can be observed. We consider three possible concepts of optimality: minimizing the expected cost, minimizing the worst-case cost, or maximizing the probability of a-posteriori optimality. We propose a new family of StochDCOP algorithms, exploring the tradeoffs between solution quality, computational and message complexity, and privacy. In particular, we show how discovering and reasoning about co-dependencies on common random variables can yield higher-quality solutions.