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Abstract. The surface chemical modification of polyurethane (PU) films was performed by an UV laser-induced chemical reaction in a polysaccharide solution. This process may be applicable as hydrophilic packaging of implantable medical devices and in vivo sensors. When a PU film in contact with an aqueous alginic acid (AAC) solution was irradiated with a XeCl laser, the PU film turned hydrophilic. Contact angles of water on the film were reduced from 110 degrees to 60 degrees. Since light absorption of the AAC solution at 308 nm was negligibly small, reactive sites were generated solely on the PU surface. There, AAC could be immobilized by chemical bonds thus allowing for a nanometer-scaled grafting of this biomolecule. The mechanism was investigated by surface analyses with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dye staining, ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. A one-photon photochemical process could be identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser irradiation of solid nitrogen containing cyanuric triazide (C3N12) could generate highly reactive carbon nitride species, NCN and dicyanocarbodiimide. These species were generated in the solid nitrogen at 20 K. After laser photolysis, generated reactive species were concentrated by removal of nitrogen, and converted into a film-like product. Thus, the obtained product was characterized by means of FTIR, SEM, and XPS measurements. The product was assigned to amorphous carbon nitride with relatively high nitrogen content (N/C=0.9∼1.3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]