107 results
Search Results
2. CONFERENCE PAPERS : Forestry in New Zealand : a time for change, challenge and conflict
- Author
-
Peterson, R. Max
- Published
- 1988
3. Should the Bush Administration Replace the Clinton Rule Governing Roadless Areas in National Forests? Pro.
- Subjects
- *
FOREST reserves , *FOREST conservation , *FOREST management - Abstract
The article presents the American Forest and Paper Association's comments concerning the national forest Roadless Area Conservation Rule in the United States. The association argues that the rule represented an attempt to abandon active management of the National Forest System. The roadless rule has conflicting and flawed designation of roadless areas. It will inhibit the ability of Forest Service to control the fire risk in national forests. The association further comments that the administration of roadless areas should be based on sound science not on a popularity vote given the complexity of land management decisions.
- Published
- 2006
4. WIPING IS WASHED UP.
- Author
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Romano, Andrew
- Subjects
- *
TOILET paper , *BIDETS , *WATER conservation , *ENERGY conservation , *FOREST conservation - Abstract
The article examines the use of toilet paper in the U.S.. The author attests that toilet paper is an inefficient method of removing feces, and bidets are far more effective. It is also urged that bidets are more environmentally friendly, and if Americans discontinued the use of toilet paper, the U.S. would save millions of trees, terawatts of electricity, and billions of gallons of water.
- Published
- 2009
5. ATTACKING FOREST DESTRUCTION.
- Subjects
- *
FOREST conservation , *PAPER & the environment - Abstract
Deals with a campaign against buying paper from endangered forests in the United States launched by American Lands, Free the Planet and the Rainforest Action Network. Consequences of producing engineered wood products; Paper that universities should use instead of paper from endangered forests; Campaign of Indiana University similar to the campaign.
- Published
- 2000
6. 3M, International Paper, P&G Team Up in the Name of Sustainable Forestry.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation - Published
- 2017
7. Mapping of Potential Fuel Regions Using Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles for Wildfire Prevention.
- Author
-
Andrada, Maria Eduarda, Russell, David, Arevalo-Ramirez, Tito, Kuang, Winnie, Kantor, George, and Yandun, Francisco
- Subjects
GLOBAL Positioning System ,WILDFIRE prevention ,OPTICAL radar ,LIDAR ,FOREST conservation ,FOREST management - Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive forest mapping system using a customized drone payload equipped with Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors. The goal is to develop an efficient solution for collecting accurate forest data in dynamic environments and to highlight potential wildfire regions of interest to support precise forest management and conservation on the ground. Our paper provides a detailed description of the hardware and software components of the system, covering sensor synchronization, data acquisition, and processing. The overall system implements simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques, particularly Fast LiDAR Inertial Odometry with Scan Context (FASTLIO-SC), and LiDAR Inertial Odometry Smoothing and Mapping (LIOSAM), for accurate odometry estimation and map generation. We also integrate a fuel mapping representation based on one of the models, used by the United States Secretary of Agriculture (USDA) to classify fire behavior, into the system using semantic segmentation, LiDAR camera registration, and odometry as inputs. Real-time representation of fuel properties is achieved through a lightweight map data structure at 4 Hz. The research results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system and show that it can provide accurate forest data collection, accurate pose estimation, and comprehensive fuel mapping with precision values for the main segmented classes above 85%. Qualitative evaluations suggest the system's capabilities and highlight its potential to improve forest management and conservation efforts. In summary, this study presents a versatile forest mapping system that provides accurate forest data for effective management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. INDUSTRY NEWS.
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,FOREST conservation ,WASTE recycling ,BUSINESS planning - Abstract
Reports developments related to the paper industry in the U.S. Announcement of the conservation program of Coleman Natural Foods to address the critical need to restore forests, working farms and ranches; Recycling of wastepaper by Corenso North America from its community in 2004; Integration of Kimberly-Clark Corp.'s North Atlantic personal care and family care businesses into a single organization under one leader.
- Published
- 2005
9. Widely Divergent Views Face U. S. Timber Conservation Board.
- Subjects
TIMBER ,FOREST conservation ,LUMBERMEN ,PAPER industry ,REFORESTATION - Abstract
The article comments on a recent meeting of the U.S. Timber Conservation Board, that focused on the appointment of self-appointed conservation experts for timber. However, it is stated that conservation means different things to the public servants and public, and to the lumber, pulp, and paper industries. Lumbermen do not consider establishment of forest parks and reforestation as conservation.
- Published
- 1931
10. Turning the page on saving forests.
- Author
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Van Putten, Mark
- Subjects
PAPER industry & the environment ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Talks about the benefits of using `certified' paper for forests, wildlife and people. Certification of forests where timber is grown; National Wildlife Federation's conservation efforts in America's vast Northern Forest; Potential of the certification approach.
- Published
- 1999
11. The illusion of preservation: a global environmental argument for the local production of natural resources.
- Author
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Berlik, Mary M., Kittredge, David B., and Foster, David R.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Abstract Aim The United States (US) and other affluent countries consume vast quantities of global natural resources, but contribute proportionately less to the extraction of many raw materials. This imbalance is due, in part, to domestic policies intended to protect the environment. Ironically, developed nations are often better equipped to extract resources in an environmentally prudent manner than the major suppliers. Thus, although citizens of affluent countries may imagine that preservationist domestic policies are conserving resources and protecting nature, heavy consumption rates necessitate resource extraction elsewhere and oftentimes under weak environmental oversight. A major consequence of this ‘illusion of natural resource preservation’ is greater global environmental degradation than would arise if consumption were reduced and a large portion of production was shared by affluent countries. This paper considers some implications of the consumption, management and conservation of forests and wood at a local and global scale. Location We focus on Massachusetts, the eighth most forested state in the USA (by area), the third most densely populated, and an affluent region with consumption rates that are among the highest in the country. Methods Estimates of wood production and consumption are generated, and comparisons are made with other commonly used materials (e.g. steel, concrete, aluminium). Results A comparison of the feasibility and environmental impact of various strategies for dealing with rising wood demand suggests that the US should strive to: (1) reduce per capita consumption of wood and its substitutes, (2) recycle forest products more effectively, (3) protect extensive areas of intensively managed and unmanaged forests and (4) promote sound forest management where the environmental consequences are mild. Forestry and the sustainable generation of wood in Massachusetts would allow preservation of primary forests elsewhere in... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Testing Stewardship Concepts on Federal Land.
- Author
-
Mitsos, Mary and Ringgold, Paul C.
- Subjects
FOREST management ,FOREST reserves ,FOREST conservation ,CIVIL service ,BUREAUCRACY ,NATURE reserves ,STAKEHOLDERS - Abstract
The goal of this paper is to describe recent attempts to define the stewardship concept and to translate it into action on the ground. The focus is on national forest lands and the unique challenges federal land managers face in working with the public to implement a concept that has different meanings to a variety of stakeholders. Stewardship requires more flexibility than is often found under existing administrative authorities. Large, bureaucratic agencies face many barriers in applying creative and innovative solutions to existing problems, not the least of which are internal and external reward structures. While there exist some authorities that allow for the creative testing of stewardship contracting projects on the ground, a number of challenges remain. Two significant ones are: (1) the need for a clearer, consistent understanding (by both Forest Service employees and constituents) of the authorities that can be used to test stewardship concepts; and (2) a more broad-based agreement on the desired outcome of stewardship projects. Given the current lack of understanding and agreement on how to implement stewardship concepts, the most effective means of moving the issue forward will be to apply innovative tests of contracting methods under current or new temporary authorities. These tests should be designed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated using broad-based, inclusive, on-the-ground coalitions that create effective ties and linkages between local and national levels. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Bundles, Duties, and Rights: A Revised Framework for Analysis of Natural Resource Property Rights Regimes.
- Author
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Galik, Christopher S. and Jagger, Pamela
- Subjects
NATURAL resources ,PROPERTY rights ,NATURAL resources management ,DEFORESTATION ,FOREST conservation ,NATURAL resource laws - Abstract
In their 1992 paper, Schlager and Ostrom presented a property rights framework characterized by nested, cumulative attributes. It has become arguably the most ubiquitous framework for analysis of natural resources and property rights. We revisit their contribution and discuss how the framework could evolve to address increasingly complex situations, with particular attention to institutional change. We devote increased attention to duties and liabilities associated with right allocation, tying the framework to a broader property rights literature. We conclude with an application to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+), illustrating how revisions to the framework facilitate contemporary institutional analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Modeling trade-offs between fire threat reduction and late-seral forest structure.
- Author
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Calkin, David E., Hummel, Susan Stevens, and Agee, James K.
- Subjects
FOREST reserves ,FOREST fires ,FORESTS & forestry ,PUBLIC lands ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Forest Research is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Geographic Analysis of Forest Health Indicators Using Spatial Scan Statistics.
- Author
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Coulston, John W. and Riitters, Kurt H.
- Subjects
FORESTS & forestry ,FOREST conservation ,CONSERVATION of natural resources ,FOREST management ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms - Abstract
Geographically explicit analysis tools are needed to assess forest health indicators that are measured over large regions. Spatial scan statistics can be used to detect spatial or spatiotemporal clusters of forests representing hotspots of extreme indicator values. This paper demonstrates the approach through analyses of forest fragmentation indicators in the southeastern United States and insect and pathogen indicators in the Pacific Northwest United States. The scan statistic detected four spatial clusters of fragmented forest including a hotspot in the Piedmont and Coastal Plain region. Three recurring clusters of insect and pathogen occurrence were found in the Pacific Northwest. Spatial scan statistics are a powerful new tool that can be used to identify potential forest health problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. HOW MUCH PHYSIOLOGY IS NEEDED IN FOREST GAP MODELS FOR SIMULATING LONG-TERM VEGETATION RESPONSE TO GLOBAL CHANGE?
- Author
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Bugmann, Harald, Reynolds, James F., and Pitelka, Louis F.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,FORESTRY conventions ,ADULT education workshops ,GEOLOGICAL modeling ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
Introduces a series of articles presented in the workshop held in Pingree Park, Colorado about forest gap modeling.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Examining forest governance in the United States through the Montréal Process Criteria and Indicators Framework.
- Author
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MCGINLEY, K. A. and CUBBAGE, F. W.
- Subjects
FOREST management ,FOREST conservation laws ,FOREST conservation ,FOREST policy ,PRIVATE forests - Abstract
Copyright of International Forestry Review is the property of Commonwealth Forestry Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. IN OTHER I-P NEWS.
- Subjects
PAPERBOARD industry ,TENDER offers ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Presents updates on Stamford, Connecticut-based International Paper (IP) as of June 2004. Unsolicited tender offer from TRC Capital Corp. for a stake in IP; Partnership between IP, the state of New York and the Conservation Fund in a land conservation project in the Adirondacks.
- Published
- 2004
19. Protecting Southern Pines.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,RAW materials ,PULP mills ,FARMERS - Abstract
The article reports on the launch of a forest conservation program in southern U.S. led by the American Pulpwood Association. Topics covered include the objective of ensuring future supply of raw materials for the pulp industry, investment of more than 200 million dollars by pulp mills and the importance of the cooperation for farmers to the success of the program.
- Published
- 1939
20. Land conservation way to save trees or make millions.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,SERVITUDES - Abstract
Reports on the status of land conservation in New Hampshire. Acres of privately owned land containing easements; Plans of International Paper, the largest landowner in the state, to sell off development rights to most acres it holds in North Country; Rapid loss of forestland, one of the impetus for funding conservation; State and federal conservation efforts.
- Published
- 2000
21. Future climate risks from stress, insects and fire across US forests.
- Author
-
Anderegg, William R. L., Chegwidden, Oriana S., Badgley, Grayson, Trugman, Anna T., Cullenward, Danny, Abatzoglou, John T., Hicke, Jeffrey A., Freeman, Jeremy, Hamman, Joseph J., and Lawler, Joshua
- Subjects
WILDFIRE prevention ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,FOREST conservation ,TREE mortality ,CARBON cycle ,CARBON offsetting ,GOVERNMENT policy on climate change - Abstract
Forests are currently a substantial carbon sink globally. Many climate change mitigation strategies leverage forest preservation and expansion, but rely on forests storing carbon for decades to centuries. Yet climate‐driven disturbances pose critical risks to the long‐term stability of forest carbon. We quantify the climate drivers that influence wildfire and climate stress‐driven tree mortality, including a separate insect‐driven tree mortality, for the contiguous United States for current (1984–2018) and project these future disturbance risks over the 21st century. We find that current risks are widespread and projected to increase across different emissions scenarios by a factor of >4 for fire and >1.3 for climate‐stress mortality. These forest disturbance risks highlight pervasive climate‐sensitive disturbance impacts on US forests and raise questions about the risk management approach taken by forest carbon offset policies. Our results provide US‐wide risk maps of key climate‐sensitive disturbances for improving carbon cycle modeling, conservation and climate policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Forest carbon sink in the U.S. (1870–2012) driven by substitution of forest ecosystem service flows.
- Author
-
Magerl, Andreas, Matej, Sarah, Kaufmann, Lisa, Noë, Julia Le, Erb, Karlheinz, and Gingrich, Simone
- Subjects
CARBON cycle ,ECOSYSTEM services ,GRAZING ,FOREST conservation ,FOREST biomass ,FOREST dynamics ,LOGGING - Abstract
Understanding the dynamics behind forest transitions, i.e., shifts from deforestation to forest recovery, is crucial for forest conservation and climate-change mitigation i.e., carbon (C) sequestration. We investigated the drivers of the forest transition in the United States, which was characterized by forest thickening despite surges in industrial wood extraction. We employ the concepts of Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity (HANPP) and Material and Energy Flow Analysis (MEFA) to quantitatively assess changes in major provisioning ecosystem services demanded from forests, i.e., industrial wood (comprising biomass used in products such as paper and pulp), grazing, and fuelwood, and analyse substitution processes from 1870-2012 at regional, sectoral, and national scales. The share of industrial wood in total annual forest biomass harvest increased from 23% to 84% over the time-period, while fuelwood and biomass grazed declined from 63% to 13%, and 14% to 3%, respectively. Reductions in demand for fuelwood and biomass grazed were enabled by shifts in feed and energy sources, consequently allowing for increases in both livestock numbers and energy use. Feed crops increased six-fold, alleviating grazing pressure on forest ecosystems, particularly in the Eastern states. Fossil fuels replaced fuelwood, especially in the residential sector. Between 1900-2012 the final energy mix increased seventeen-fold. Thus, the increase in biomass C stocks in U.S. forests was connected to substitution of forest ecosystem services with fossil fuel-based production systems, and with manifold increases in societal resource use and C dynamics. Such shifts need to be considered when assessing the positive environmental effects of forest transitions. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Sticks, Carrots, and Reforestation Investment.
- Author
-
Daowei Zhang and Flick, Warren A.
- Subjects
REFORESTATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL law ,FOREST conservation ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,WAR on poverty (United States) ,ENDANGERED species ,WILDLIFE conservation ,TAX incentives - Abstract
Environmental regulations and public financial assistance programs are the typical "sticks" and "carrots" facing non-industrial private forest (NIPF) landowners in the U.S. this paper presents a theoretical framework and empirical evidence on the impacts of the Endangered Species Act and public financial assistance programs—cost-share programs and a tax incentive program—on reforestation investment behavior. The results indicate that NIPF landowners' reforestation investments are influenced negatively by environmental regulations and positively by public financial assistance programs. The results imply that both sticks and carrots can be used simultaneously to influence NIPF landowners' reforestation behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. ALARMING.
- Subjects
FOREST products ,TIMBER ,NEWSPRINT ,REFORESTATION ,FOREST conservation ,FORESTS & forestry - Abstract
The article suggests that the high cost of timber and newsprint paper can be attributed to decimation of the forests of the East. According to U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Edwin Thomas Meredith, three fifths of the original timber of the country is gone and that consumption has exceeded supply. Meredith is supporting the position taken by the forest service that the basic need is a national policy of reforestation.
- Published
- 1920
25. NORTHEAST.
- Subjects
- *
PULP mills , *PAPERMAKING , *FOREST conservation - Abstract
Focuses on the production of the first green-certified paper made by the Lyons Falls Paper & Pulp Co. in New York. Approval given by the Forest Stewardship Council on the production of the paper; Promotional plans of the model paper; Sustainable management plans on the protection of the Northern Forest.
- Published
- 1999
26. Ooops! Our forefathers didn't plan for much protection of the Northern Forest: Will we?
- Author
-
Boucher, Norman
- Subjects
FOREST conservation - Abstract
Focuses on problems in the conservation of the Northern Forest, a stretch of continuous woodland that covers 26 million acres from eastern Maine through New Hampshire, Vermont and New York to just short of Lake Ontario's eastern shore. Creation of the Northern Forest Lands Council; Maine's Baxter State Park; Logging activities. INSETS: Adirondack Park: A special case.;NWF studies log exports..
- Published
- 1995
27. Cutting with conscience.
- Author
-
Owen, Carlton
- Subjects
- *
FOREST conservation , *SUSTAINABLE forestry - Abstract
Discusses the controversy over forestry conservation versus exploitation and the use of favorable sustainable timbering practices in the United States. Importance of protecting trees and the environment surrounding them; Information on the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI); Principles of the SFI; Role played by the forest and paper industry in managing forests; Details on Champion International's sustainability and stewardship program.
- Published
- 1998
28. Balancing carbon dioxide: a case study of forest preservation, out-migration, and afforestation in the Pueblos Mancomunados of Oaxaca, Mexico.
- Author
-
Jurjonas, Matthew and Seekamp, Erin
- Subjects
AFFORESTATION ,FOREST conservation ,CARBON dioxide ,PAYMENTS for ecosystem services ,POLITICAL ecology ,TROPICAL forests - Abstract
Carbon-based payments for ecosystem services solely consider afforestation and reforestation to assess sequestration. However, political ecology researchers demonstrate that tropical forests are complex socioecological systems where humans and institutions play an integral role in shaping landscapes. The current framing overlooks the net effect of traditional subsistence agriculturalists leaving behind low emission lifestyles, despite the likelihood of a significant increase in per capita emissions over time. In this case study, we use the history of forest use in the Pueblos Mancomunados—a commonwealth of indigenous communities in Oaxaca, Mexico—to explore sequestration through a socioecological systems lens. As negative emissions programs consider afforestation, we triangulated semistructured interviews, an unsupervised GIS classification of land cover, and a review of carbon dioxide emissions to consider out-migration, abandonment, and lifestyle change. We find that communities are struggling to maintain livelihoods as migration to urban centers and the United States continues. Meanwhile, spatial analysis revealed 800 ha of afforestation. Our analysis of out-migration scenarios and per capita emissions changes identified a tipping point in which no net-sequestration would occur from afforestation due to the changing lifestyles of the migrants and recommend improved local development to avoid this form of "leakage" when assessing global carbon stocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. My Place Or Yours?
- Author
-
Nicholson, Robert E.
- Subjects
LOGGING ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Offers information on the results of a study conducted by the Ohio State University on logging. Impact of placing more forests in Europe and North America off-limits to logging; Why forests in the more remote parts of Asia, South America, Africa and the former Soviet Union have remained untouched; How pressure on forests could be reduced.
- Published
- 1999
30. No Clear-Cut Decision for Timber.
- Subjects
LUMBER industry ,FOREST product marketing ,FOREST products industry ,FOREST conservation ,WILDLIFE conservation ,LUMBERING ,CLEARCUTTING - Abstract
The article discusses the activity of timbering and offers an overview of the wood-products industry in the U.S. It notes several opposing groups including a coalition of environmental groups that are opposed to the Conservationist Gifford Pinchot and the U.S. Forest Service's plans to manage the nation's 183 million acres of forest and its sourcing of timber to the market. In addition, environmentalists are critical on Forest Service's consideration for allowing too much logging in national forests. Moreover, environmentalist expressed their views that they are not totally opposed to clear-cutting per se, but against the clear-cutting of 1,000 acres in forests which could destroy wildlife habitats.
- Published
- 1976
31. An inventory of continental U.S. terrestrial candidate ecological restoration areas based on landscape context.
- Author
-
Wickham, James, Riitters, Kurt, Vogt, Peter, Costanza, Jennifer, and Neale, Anne
- Subjects
RESTORATION ecology ,LANDSCAPE protection ,WATER quality policy ,WETLAND conservation ,FOREST conservation ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection digital resources ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
Landscape context is an important factor in restoration ecology, but the use of landscape context for site prioritization has not been as fully developed. We used morphological image processing to identify candidate ecological restoration areas based on their proximity to existing natural vegetation. We identified 1,102,720 candidate ecological restoration areas across the continental United States. Candidate ecological restoration areas were concentrated in the Great Plains and eastern United States. We populated the database of candidate ecological restoration areas with 17 attributes related to site content and context, including factors such as soil fertility and roads (site content), and number and area of potentially conjoined vegetated regions (site context) to facilitate its use for site prioritization. We demonstrate the utility of the database in the state of North Carolina, U.S.A. for a restoration objective related to restoration of water quality (mandated by the U.S. Clean Water Act), wetlands, and forest. The database will be made publicly available on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's EnviroAtlas website () for stakeholders interested in ecological restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Comparison of USDA Forest Service and Stakeholder Motivations and Experiences in Collaborative Federal Forest Governance in the Western United States.
- Author
-
Davis, Emily Jane, White, Eric, Cerveny, Lee, Seesholtz, David, Nuss, Meagan, and Ulrich, Donald
- Subjects
FOREST management ,FOREST policy ,FOREST conservation ,FORESTS & forestry - Abstract
In the United States, over 191 million acres of land is managed by the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, a federal government agency. In several western U.S. states, organized collaborative groups have become a de facto governance approach to providing sustained input on management decisions on much public land. This is most extensive in Oregon, where at least 25 'forest collaboratives' currently exist. This affords excellent opportunities for studies of many common themes in collaborative governance, including trust, shared values, and perceptions of success. We undertook a statewide survey of participants in Oregon forest collaboratives to examine differences in motivations, perceptions of success, and satisfaction among Forest Service participants ('agency participants'), who made up 31% of the sample, and other respondents ('non-agency') who represent nonfederal agencies, interest groups, citizens, and non-governmental groups. We found that agency participants differed from non-agency participants. They typically had higher annual incomes, and were primarily motivated to participate to build trust. However, a majority of all respondents were similar in not indicating any other social or economic motivations as their primary reason for collaborating. A majority also reported satisfaction with their collaborative-despite not ranking collaborative performance on a number of specific potential outcomes highly. Together, this suggests that collaboration in Oregon is currently perceived as successful despite not achieving many specific outcomes. Yet there were significant differences in socioeconomic status and motivation that could affect the ability of agency and nonagency participants to develop and achieve mutually-desired goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Making Victoria Blush.
- Author
-
Cotel, Orli
- Subjects
- *
FOREST protection , *FOREST conservation - Abstract
The article presents an interview with Liz Butler, organizing director, ForestEthics. When asked about the steps taken to discourage the companies from using the forest wood, she said that Canada's boreal forest is the largest expanse of wildlands in North America, and it's being logged at an alarming rate. And this endangered forest is being ground up to make mail-order catalogs. Fifty-nine billion catalogs go out every year in the United States, and 95 percent are immediately thrown away. The companies they were most concerned about was Victoria's Secret because it sends out a million catalogs every single day. A day of action was called infront of its stores across the country. Victoria's Secret took a step in the right direction and put its discount catalogs, 24 million a year, on postconsumer recycled paper. If the catalog industry switched to paper with 10 percent postconsumer recycled content, it would save 851,000 tons of wood annually — enough to build a six-foot fence across the United States seven times.
- Published
- 2006
34. Must We Close Them to Save Them?
- Author
-
Ford, Daniel
- Subjects
FOREST reserve management ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
Focuses on issues related to the conservation and management of the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire and Maine. Information on the site and extent of the forest; Dangers posed to the forest from human habitations on the periphery; Assessment of the role of the U.S. Forest Service in maintaining the forest; Suggestions by the Forest Service for better management of the forest; Economic value of the forest.
- Published
- 1974
35. Saving Ancient Forests.
- Subjects
- *
FOREST conservation , *PUBLISHING - Abstract
The article reports on the clamor of the Harry Potter followers to print the next Potter book in a paper that will not destroy endangered forests. In response, publishers in Great Britain and Canada have agreed to print Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince using ancient forest-friendly paper. However, Potter book publisher in U.S. has been reluctant to use ancient forest-friendly paper.
- Published
- 2005
36. Spare That Tree.
- Author
-
Thompson, Stephen G.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,FOREST reserves ,TIMBER ,SURVEYS ,FOREST products industry ,CONSERVATION of natural resources - Abstract
Focuses on the need for forest conservation in the U.S. Decline in the American timber reserve in the past few years; Factors responsible for the ruthless cutting of timber; Results of the report released by Lyle F. Watts, Chief of the U.S. Forest Service; Conclusion of a survey conducted by the forest industry that forest cutting would have to be reduced to 44 billion feet a year for the next ten years to allow the national forests to recover their health.
- Published
- 1947
37. LUMBER--AND OLD INDUSTRY--AND THE NEW COMPETITION.
- Author
-
Compton, Wilson
- Subjects
LUMBER industry ,FOREST products industry ,INDUSTRYWIDE conditions ,UNITED States economy, 1918-1945 ,INDUSTRIAL management ,OVERPRODUCTION ,FOREST conservation ,PUBLIC-private sector cooperation ,BUSINESS conditions ,ECONOMIC activity ,INDUSTRIES ,OVEREXPANSION (Business) ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
The article discusses the states of the lumber industry in the U.S. in the 1930's. Out of the 20 leading U.S. industries excluding agriculture and railroads, the lumber industry ranks second in terms of number of people employed, third in terms of investments, and eighth in terms of product value. Experts say the lumber industry's chief economic problems are attributable to a relatively high percentage of fixed assets, a high ratio of investment into tangible property, and consistently high annual taxes. In 1930 the U.S. Timber Conservation Board was established to review the problems associated with overproduction in the forestry industries. Analysts predict that a public and private sector cooperative effort will help revive the lumber industry.
- Published
- 1932
38. The Forest Conservation Hoax.
- Author
-
Heald, Weldon F.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,CONSERVATION of natural resources ,TIMBER ,LOGGING ,LUMBERING - Abstract
Up in the Pacific Northwest, where timber is king there is current an all-powerful, all-embracing, all-comforting shibboleth, sustained yield. The author have heard, that natives of these states, passing a logging operation in which giant five-hundred- year-old Douglas firs are crashing to the ground like tenpins. Sustained yield is a term magnificent in its sweeping simplicity. It is the answer, and the only answer, to the dilemma of the fast-vanishing forest. It means that through wise forestry practices a balance could be reached whereby the growth of the forests each year would equal the annual cut. Through sustained yield a wood-hungry America could be assured of a continuous supply of lumber.
- Published
- 1957
39. Imeretian oak and a great capricorn beetle - the problem of relations on the territory of Ajameti Managed Reserve (Republic of Georgia).
- Author
-
Matsiakh, Iryna, Kramarets, Volodymyr, and Tsiklauri, Khatuna
- Subjects
OAK ,BEETLES ,HABITATS ,FOREST reserves ,FOREST conservation - Abstract
The old-growth endemic Imeretian oak [Quercus robur subsp. imeretina (Steven ex Woronow) Menitsky, 1968] is a protected relict Tertiary period tree still preserved in Ajameti Managed Reserve (Republic of Georgia). For a long time, these forests were experienced to the strong anthropogenic influence. The old-age oak trees and the development of root and stem rot have promoted the settlement of great capricorn beetle [Cerambyx cerdo Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)]. Both of species are protected under the EU Habitats Directive and listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The investigation of settling degree of C. cerdo was conducted at two areas, Ajameti and Vartsikhe, on the edge and in the middle of oak forests in June and October 2014. On both the areas, the number of trees with fly exit holes of great capricorn beetle was higher on the margin of forests where plantations suffer greater of human impact. The number of fly exit holes of imago is significantly increased due to deterioration of sanitary condition of forests. The measures of management conservation at Ajameti Managed Reserve were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. A United States national prioritization framework for tree species vulnerability to climate change.
- Author
-
Potter, Kevin, Crane, Barbara, and Hargrove, William
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,PLANT species ,CLIMATE change ,BIOLOGICAL extinction ,FOREST management - Abstract
Climate change is one of several threats that will increase the likelihood that forest tree species could experience population-level extirpation or species-level extinction. Scientists and managers from throughout the United States Forest Service have cooperated to develop a framework for conservation priority-setting assessments of forest tree species. This framework uses trait data and predictions of expected climate change pressure to categorize and prioritize 339 native tree species for conservation, monitoring, management and restoration across all forested lands in the contiguous United States and Alaska. The framework allows for the quantitative grouping of species into vulnerability classes that may require different management and conservation strategies for maintaining the adaptive genetic variation of the species within each group. This categorization is based on risk factors relating to the species' (1) exposure to climate change, (2) sensitivity to climate change, and (3) capacity to adapt to climate change. We used K-means clustering to group species into seven classes based on these three vulnerability dimensions. The most vulnerable class encompassed 35 species with high scores for all three vulnerability dimensions. These will require the most immediate conservation intervention. A group of 43 species had high exposure and sensitivity, probably requiring conservation assistance, while a group of 69 species had high exposure and low adaptive capacity, probably needing close monitoring. This assessment tool should be valuable for scientists and managers determining which species and populations to target for monitoring efforts and for pro-active gene conservation and management activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Forest Disturbance History from 'Legacy' Pitch Pine ( Pinus rigida) at the New River Gorge, West Virginia.
- Author
-
Saladyga, Thomas
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,PITCH pine ,FOREST fire prevention & control - Abstract
The mesosphytic forests of eastern North America represent a forest region characterized by dramatic 20
th century changes in disturbance regimes, notably the exclusion of fire. Tree-ring reconstructions of forest disturbance can inform restoration and management plans by placing these changes into a historical context. This study examined forest disturbance with regard to land use change and drought in the New River Gorge region of West Virginia. I developed a 182-year pitch pine ( Pinus rigida) growth chronology (1833-2014) using samples collected from 33 trees along 2 km of southand southwest-facing slopes at Babcock State Park. Samples cut from fire-scarred pitch and Virginia pine ( Pinus virginiana) were used to generate a fire chronology for the site. Temporal trends in pitch pine growth variability were assessed using regime shift and growth release detection methods. There was no change in pitch pine growth during the transition from the early settlement to industrial era (ca. 1885), while a significant decrease in annual growth variability characterized the post-industrial era (1963-2014). Seventeen fire events were recorded between 1887 and 1968. Growth releases displayed a temporal relationship with fire and there was a strong, but not significant, association between drought and fire years. These results suggest a coupled system in which anthropogenic fires driven by periodic drought maintained pitch pine before and during industrialization. Reintroducing fire to the post-industrial forest may not meet management objectives as decades of fire exclusion have altered forest fuels and species composition such that its effects would be difficult to predict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Wood Goes to War.
- Author
-
BAXTER, W. R. E.
- Subjects
WOOD ,WOOD products ,WORLD War II ,TREE farms ,FOREST conservation ,UNITED States. Dept. of Agriculture. Forest Products Laboratory - Abstract
The article discusses wood as a major contributor to the U.S. war effort and as a source of material for civilian needs as of December 1942. It notes that tree farming and forest conservation methods are aimed at maximizing the usefulness of trees. It talks about the military's need for vast amount of wood products, the role of the Department of Agriculture's Forest Products Laboratory of the Forest Service in wood research, and making giant planes out of wood.
- Published
- 1942
43. Lessons in policy implementation from experiences with the Northwest Forest Plan, USA.
- Author
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Franklin, Jerry and Norman Johnson, K.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection ,SUSTAINABLE development ,FOREST management ,FOREST conservation ,NATURAL resources - Abstract
Approximately 20 years ago, the preeminent goal for management of the federal forests of the Pacific Northwest shifted suddenly and permanently from sustained timber harvest to conservation of biodiversity and ecological processes, following a series of court cases over protection of species in decline that were associated with old forests. While old growth harvest has largely ceased, some key species are still in decline and forest management has been restricted more than intended. Creation of openings, even those based on disturbance processes, has been especially difficult. Some lessons from this experience include the difficulty of adaptive management, the importance of ecological foundations for management, and the need for stakeholder collaboration. In addition, it is essential to provide society with a vision of ecologically-based forestry, including field demonstrations, and to communicate this approach and its scientific foundation in the popular media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Ecocultural Schizophrenia: Dialectical Environmental Discourses and Practices.
- Author
-
Dickinson, Elizabeth
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,SCHOOL field trips ,CONSERVATION of natural resources study & teaching ,SUSTAINABILITY ,ENVIRONMENTALISM - Abstract
This study situates environmental discourses and practices within a dialectical framework, identifying how contradictory, double-bind messages can promote 'schizophrenic' environmental meaning systems. I position this study through a qualitative examination of a U.S. state forest conservation education program, where K-12 students take field trips to forests to learn about nature. Adults frame environmental issues within a core stay away-get close double bind, sending conflicting messages to protect and appreciate trees, yet ultimately cut them down for human hyperconsumption. These tug-and-pull, double-bind messages enable what I call ecocultural schizophrenia, a condition that ultimately decreases connectivity and sustainability. Through alternative practices, dialectical thinking is needed to help reject ecocultural double binds and create more sustainable possibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The Influence of Forest Regrowth on the Stream Discharge in the North Carolina Piedmont Watersheds.
- Author
-
Kim, Yuri, Band, Lawrence E., and Song, Conghe
- Subjects
FOREST ecology ,STREAMFLOW ,LAND use ,LAND cover ,FOREST management ,LANDSCAPE protection ,FOREST conservation ,ECOSYSTEMS ,WATERSHEDS ,MANAGEMENT - Abstract
This study focuses on the relationships of watershed runoff with historical land use/land cover ( LULC) and climate trends. Over the 20th Century, LULC in the Southeast United States, particularly the North Carolina Piedmont, has evolved from an agriculture dominated to an extensively forested landscape with more recent localized urbanization. The regrowth of forest has an important influence on the hydrology of the region as it enhances ecosystem interaction with recent climate change. During 1920-2009, the amount of precipitation in some parts of the North Carolina Piedmont forest regrowth area showed increasing trends without corresponding increments in runoff. We employed the Soil and Water Assessment Tool ( SWAT) to backcast long-term hydrologic behavior of watersheds in North Carolina with different LULC conditions: (1) LULC conversion from agricultural to forested area and (2) long-term stable forested area. Comparing U.S. Geological Survey-measured stream discharge with SWAT-simulated stream discharge under the assumption of constant 2006 LULC, we found significant stream discharge underprediction by SWAT in two LULC conversion watersheds during the early simulation period (1920s) with differences gradually decreasing by the mid-1970s. This model bias suggests that forest regrowth on abandoned agricultural land was a key factor contributing to mitigate the impact of increased precipitation on runoff due to increasing water consumption driven by changes in vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. 1911 Weeks Act: the Legislation that Nationalised the US Forest Service.
- Author
-
Bramwell, Lincoln
- Subjects
FORESTRY laws ,FOREST management ,FOREST conservation ,FOREST reserves ,FORESTS & forestry ,CONSERVATION of natural resources - Abstract
A century ago, the US Congress passed legislation that authorised the Secretary of Agriculture 'to purchase forested, cutover or denuded lands within the watersheds of navigable streams'. Known as the 1911 Weeks Act, the bill had an enormous impact on the newly created national forest system. The purchase authority eventually added nearly 20 million acres to the national forest system east of the Mississippi River but its influence goes far beyond the boundaries of the national forests. In addition, the Weeks Act provided funding and authority for the US Forest Service to enter into cooperative agreements with state and private forest owners, thus extending federal forest conservation practices across the nation. This article traces the events and context surrounding forest management in the US that led to passage of the Act. After decades of efforts, a coalition of public interest and congressional support combined to pass one of the foundational pieces of legislation in American forest management whose influence continues today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. The Effects of Forest Fuel-Reduction Treatments in the United States.
- Author
-
STEPHENS, SCOTT L., MclVER, JAMES D., BOERNER, RALPH E. J., FETTIG, CHRISTOPHER J., FONTAINE, JOSEPH B., HARTSOUGH, BRUCE R., KENNEDY, PATRICIA L., and SCHWILK, DYLAN W.
- Subjects
FUELWOOD ,ENERGY conservation ,ENERGY consumption ,SOILS ,BEETLES - Abstract
The current conditions of many seasonally dry forests in the western and southern United States, especially those that once experienced low- to moderate-intensity fire regimes, leave them uncharacteristically susceptible to high-severity wildfire. Both prescribed fire and its mechanical surrogates are generally successful in meeting short-term fuel-reduction objectives such that treated stands are more resilient to high-intensity wildfire. Most available evidence suggests that these objectives are typically accomplished with few unintended consequences, since most ecosystem components (vegetation, soils, wildlife, bark beetles, carbon sequestration) exhibit very subtle effects or no measurable effects at all. Although mechanical treatments do not serve as complete surrogates for fire, their application can help mitigate costs and liability in some areas. Desired treatment effects on fire hazards are transient, which indicates that after fuel-reduction management starts, managers need to be persistent with repeated treatment, especially in the faster-growing forests in the southern United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. LAND-USE CHANGE IN THE ATLANTIC COASTAL PINE BARRENS ECOREGION.
- Author
-
OHL, TERRY L. and SOHL, LAURI B.
- Subjects
LAND use ,CONTROL of deforestation ,PINE barrens ,LAND cover ,URBAN growth & the environment ,ECOLOGICAL regions ,FOREST conservation ,ECOLOGY ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Information on the rates, characteristics, and drivers of land-use change are vital for addressing the impacts and feedbacks of change on environmental processes. The U.S. Geological Survey's Land Cover Trends project is conducting a consistent, national analysis of the rates, causes, and consequences of land-use change. In this article we assess change in the Atlantic Coastal Pine Barrens ecoregion from 1973 to 2000. Urban lands expanded by more than 900 square kilometers during the study period. Land-use change in the ecoregion followed the tenets of 'Forest Transition Theory' ( ftt) prior to the study period, but forest lands experienced consistent declines from 1973 to 2000. Increasing government regulation during the study period, consistent with concept of the 'Quiet Revolution' ( qr), mitigated forest loss during the latter half of the study period. Generalized theories, including ftt and the qr, are valuable, but local and regional determinants of comparative land rents ultimately drive land-use change at this scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Local-Scale Carbon Budgets and Mitigation Opportunities for the Northeastern United States.
- Author
-
RACITI, STEVE M., Fahey, Timothy J., THOMAS, R. QUINN, Woodbury, Peter B., Driscoll, Charles T., Carranti, Frederick J., Foster, David R., Gwyther, Philip S., Hall, Brian R., Hamburg, Steven P., JENKINS, JENNIFER C., NEILL, CHRISTOPHER, PEERY, BRANDON W., QUIGLEY, ERIN E., SHERMAN, RUTH, VADEBONCOEUR, MATT A., WEINSTEIN, DAVID A., and Wilson, Geoff
- Subjects
CLIMATE change mitigation ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,WIND power & the environment ,FOREST conservation ,ENERGY conservation & the environment ,SUSTAINABLE forestry ,CARBON sequestration ,LAND use & the environment - Abstract
Economic and political realities present challenges for implementing an aggressive climate change abatement program in the United States. A high-efficiency approach will be essential. In this synthesis, we compare carbon budgets and evaluate the carbon-mitigation potential for nine counties in the northeastern United States that represent a range of biophysical, demographic, and socioeconomic conditions. Most counties are net sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere, with the exception of rural forested counties, in which sequestration in vegetation and soils exceed emissions. Protecting forests will ensure that the region's largest CO2 sink does not become a source of emissions. For rural counties, afforestation, sustainable fuelwood harvest for bioenergy, and utility-scale wind power could provide the largest and most cost-effective mitigation opportunities among those evaluated. For urban and suburban counties, energy-efficiency measures and energy-saving technologies would be most cost effective. Through the implementation of locally tailored management and technology options, large reductions in CO2 emissions could be achieved at relatively low costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Integrating Ecological and Socioeconomic Monitoring of Working Forests.
- Author
-
Neugarten, Rachel A., Wolf, Steven A., Stedman, Richard C., and Tear, Timothy H.
- Subjects
FOREST conservation ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,ECOLOGICAL economics ,CONSERVATION easements ,FOREST monitoring ,FORESTS & forestry - Abstract
Large-scale sell-offs of industrial timberlands in the United States have prompted public and private investments in a new class of "working forest" land deals, notable for their large size and complex divisions of property rights. These transactions have been pitched as "win-win-win" deals that provide social, economic, and ecological benefits. Despite hundreds of millions of dollars invested in these transactions, we found a paucity of evidence that their supposed benefits are being realized. Monitoring programs necessary to gather such evidence tend to be underfunded, short term, and focused on a limited set of indicators. The few projects with more comprehensive monitoring programs had long-term funding sources, formal mechanisms for incorporating data into subsequent management decisions, and combined multidisciplinary monitoring techniques. We propose that a relatively modest allocation of funds to monitoring could help assess—and hopefully improve—the effectiveness of current and future transactions, to see if the promise of "win-win-win" is actually delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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