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Discusses the role of strategic imperatives in the shaping of foreign-policy actions and alliance relationship of the U.S. with Turkey in the 1940s. Assumption by the U.S. of the strategy to be used by Soviet leaders to achieve their agendas regarding Turkey; Interest of the Soviets in the straits and the Black Sea; Reason for the reaction of U.S. officials towards Soviet policy on the matter.

Using a case study approach, this study examines Turkish and Armenian attempts at constructing a more positive relationship. It argues that the two countries need to look at what binds them in a web of mutual responsibility toward each other as states first. The only legal link between the two countries is the Treaty of Kars, which updated an earlier treaty. Given that the TARC and the Turkish-Armenian accords were both failures, this article argues that Armenia and Turkey need to litigate their differences on the basis of their only binding agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the various new policies of Turkey's ruling political party Justice and Development Party in order to develop a better relations with its developing countries. It mentions that the increased concern about Turkey's security and economic development has caused the Turkish government to formulate new and better economic and political policies. The Turkish government is not only working on its foreign policies and relations but is working on its regional policies. It further discusses the relationship of Turkish government with European Union leaders and the U.S. government and the challenges to be faced by Turkey in order to implement its policies.

This essay is a politico-cultural survey of the “American Studies” discipline in the United States and abroad, with special reference to Turkey. Against the background of extended relations with the United States during the Cold War period, the field in Turkey developed through bilateral efforts. While the initiative was an invaluable part of US public diplomacy to win hearts and minds, the reasons for the flourishing of American Language (later Culture) and Literature programs in Turkey were, and still are, mainly non-ideological for Turkish students and scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that Turkey's foreign policy has been Middle Easternized. This has mainly been informed by the growing negative impact of political developments in the Middle East - particularly Iraq - on Turkey's feeling of security at home and abroad. Rather than culminating in a breakup with the West, this Middle Easternization process has resulted in the adoption of a more pragmatic/rational than an emotional/romantic approach towards the European Union and the United States. That objections to Turkey's accession to the EU have recently increased despite the start of the accession talks appears to have led Turkish policymakers to adopt a more pragmatic approach towards EU membership. Though the accession talks with the EU have formally started, the end result of Turkey's Europeanization process continues to remain more ambiguous than ever. Though the negative legacy of the March 2003 crisis in US-Turkey relations has been partially repaired, it seems that Turkey and the United States will likely experience growing disagreements over Iraq, the Kurds, Syria, democratization in the Middle East, and Iran in the years to come. The nature of Turkey's future relations with the West will increasingly be determined by what transpires to Turkey's south and east rather than west. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research report suggests strategies for disarming, demobilizing, and reintegrating (DDR) the Kurdistan Worker's party (PKK). To this end, it proposes measures that would enable the international community and the Kurdistan regional government (KRG) to increase pressure on the PKK. It also assesses the political and socioeconomic conditions that increase support for the PKK among Turkish Kurds. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey is under pressure to act decisively. However, this report recommends that he avoid military action against the PKK in northern Iraq, which would have serious repercussions. Military action would undermine Turkey's democratic development, radicalize Turkish Kurds, and risk a regional conflagration that would both adversely affect relations between the United States and Turkey and compromise Turkey's candidacy for membership in the European Union (EU). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay looks at Turkey’s foreign policy towards the US-led multinational forces in Iraq in both 1990–91 and 2003. In both cases, the United States requested Turkey’s cooperation; in 1990, Turkey joined the international coalition, yet in 2003, Turkey remained neutral. This essay examines the factors influencing the positions Turkey’s leaders took in both cases with the overall aim of understanding the motivations behind Turkish foreign policy in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US–Turkish relations have been driven by a narrow concept of geopolitics. Today, the key questions are not geographic or theoretical – whether Turkey is a bridge or a barrier, a flank or a front – but how Turkey will act, and whether Turkish and American policies are convergent or divergent. For decades, the relationship between Ankara and Washington has been described as ‘strategic’ – sustained and supportive of the most important objectives of both sides. The strategic quality of the relationship can no longer be taken for granted. A reinvigorated strategic relationship is possible, but is likely to have quite different contours, with new forms of engagement and more realistic expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses U.S. mediation in Greek-Turkish disputes as of April 2005. Historical background of Greek-Turkish relations at the end of the Second World War; Emergence of the Aegean dispute and U.S. involvement after 1974; Discussion on the involvement of the U.S. in Greek-Turkish disputes in the post-Cold War era.

Examines the evolution of the U.S.-Turkish relations. Decision of the Turkish parliament to allow the U.S. military to upgrade air bases and harbors in Turkey; Turkish foreign policy; Issue of human rights in international relations.

The article focuses on Turkey's relations with its Middle Eastern neighbors. Turkey drew some indirect benefits from the Iranian revolution. The Iranian revolution and Iran's defection from the western camp helped to strengthen Turkey's ties with the U.S. The collapse of the Soviet Union led to the emergence of a number of independent republics in the Caucasus and Central Asia. For Turkey, as for Iran, these religious and cultural links, as well as geographical proximity, have offered opportunities to expand political influence and thereby opened up a new field for rivalry between the two countries.

The article focuses on the foreign policy of Turkey. The rapid ending of the Cold War in the late 1980s was initially viewed in Turkey with some concern. There were fears that the relationship with North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the U.S., hitherto the anchor of Turkish foreign policy, might be weakened, and that Turkey's international influence and security might be undermined. Turkey found its international influence enhanced and its relationship with the U.S. strengthened, as the collapse of the Soviet empire and the Gulf War of 1991 provided opportunities to play new and multiple regional roles.

Focuses on the representational practices of the Turkish media concerning post-September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the U.S. Discussion on orientalism; Islamic identity of Turkey; Relationship of Turkey with the West.

Discusses the causes of anti-Americanism and terrorism. Details on the relation between the U.S. and Turkey; Ways to deal with political violence; Sovereignty of control of U.S. military installations on Turkish territory; Factors contributing to the deterioration of the foreign relationship between Turkey and the U.S.; Objectives of ideologically motivated anti-Americanism movements.

Examines the geostrategic significance of Turkey to the United States (U.S.) in the post-Cold War era. Overview of the U.S. policy toward Turkey; Security issues threatened in the immediate aftermath of the Cold War; Future implications of the relations.