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This study has empirical character and includes literature review, research methodology, expected outcomes, model specification, empirical results and conclusions. Presented research employs panel data techniques and closely follows empirical literature to identify the factors that determine Unite States Foreign Direct Investment (US FDI) outflows. In order to test the implications of our models a panel of aggregate data on the outward US FDI to all European Union (EU-28) member countries, over the 2000-2013 period of time, was collected. When estimating the model, we have categorized the EU countries into four groups: EU-28 (all EU countries), EU-15 (Old EU countries), the Euro Area (19 countries), and EU-12 (New EU Members who joined the European Union in 2004 or thereafter). The goal of this research is to illustrate the impact of the following variables on outward USFDI in the New and Old European Union countries: the financial variables include the real interest differential and real exchange rate; the economic variables are represented by GDP per capita and GDP growth rate; the globalization process includes openness and is measured as total trade as a percentage of GDP; structural and location variables focus on education, infrastructure, telecommunication, civil liberty, perception of corruption, business environment; the labor quality variable incorporates labor productivity, unemployment rate, and the labor cost. The other factors integrate; inflation, tax on capital, and Research and Development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates factors affecting the inward foreign direct investment (FDI) stock in the South eastern region of the United States of America using state-level data. The first part of this paper has descriptive character and analyzes gross state product, disposable income, inward FDI flow and FDI stock in the Southeastern states. The second part of the study, focuses on the determinants of FDI stock in the Southeastern Region covering twelve states: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. The study identifies state-specific determinants of FDI stock and indicates the importance of selected variables in evaluating the FDI stock. The results show that the major factors exerting positive impact on FDI stock in Southeastern Region are: real per capita income, FDI related employment and real wages. In addition, the unit labor cost is negatively correlated with FDI stock indicating that lower labor cost attracts foreign investors. Other variables such as unemployment, the labor productivity, highway millage and number of airports were negatively correlated with FDI stock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to examine the extent of the U.S. vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade patterns with the countries in the Middle Eastern region. To deepen our understanding of the development of trade and investment relations between the U.S. and the Middle Eastern countries, we consider both the commodity structure of trade as well as the structure of investment. Based on the hypothesis that intra-industry trade is closely related to offshore production by multinational enterprises, then a model have been develop to capture the main determinants of vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade that explicitly includes the role of the U.S. foreign investment in the region. The model is tested empirically using detailed trade and investment data. The findings of the study indicated that foreign investment plays a significant role in the increase in intra-industry trade in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to examine the extent of the U.S. vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade patterns with the countries in the Middle Eastern region. To deepen our understanding of the development of trade and investment relations between the U.S. and the Middle Eastern countries, we consider both the commodity structure of trade as well as the structure of investment. Based on the hypothesis that intra-industry trade is closely related to offshore production by multinational enterprises, then a model have been develop to capture the main determinants of vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade that explicitly includes the role of the U.S. foreign investment in the region. The model is tested empirically using detailed trade and investment data. The findings of the study indicated that foreign investment plays a significant role in the increase in intra-industry trade in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we explore the hypotheses that (a) workers' remittances enhance economic growth in Latin American countries, and (b) workers' remittances help reduce poverty in Latin American countries. In recent decades, workers' remittances have become an important source of income for many developing countries and, as a global aggregate, workers' remittances are the largest source of foreign financing after foreign direct investment. This paper analyzes the effects of workers' remittances on economic growth and poverty in 21 Latin American countries. The study uses annual data covering all Latin American countries for the period 1980–2018. We employ panel least squares and panel fully-modified least squares (FMOLS) methods. In addition, we estimate the short-run and long-run effects of workers' remittances on economic growth and poverty on individual countries with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL-ECM) approach to co-integration analysis. The results reveal that workers' remittances have a positive effect on long-run economic growth in the majority of the countries studied, but have mixed effects in the short-run. They also suggest that workers' remittances tend to lower poverty rates in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]