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The article highlights the results of a study to identify the motives to do sports for young men who are fencing and playing football in children's and youth sports schools in the Zaporizhzhia region (Ukraine). The study is based on the theoretical views of A. Leontiev and S. Rubinstein, according to which the motive is understood as a motivating cause, a reason for an activity, as well as the theory of self-determination of Edward L. Desi and Richard M. Ryan, according to which motives can be internal and external. In both the first and the second case, the mechanism of motivation is revealed through self-determination as the ability of a person to choose the strategy and tactics of their actions. Thus internal motivation is correlated with ways of satisfaction of the person of the needs (interest, aspiration to self-improvement, etc.), and external motivation - with behavior in a society connected with reward, estimation, pressure or opinion of other people. Based on these theoretical positions, the use of the method of determining the motivation of young athletes of A. Shaboltas is substantiated, which is based on the choice of one of the pairs of judgments, correlated with a certain motive (for 10 motives there are 45 pairs of judgments to compare). The following methods of mathematical statistics were used for data processing: histogram analysis; comparison of data by the Mann-Whitney test. As a result of the research, it was established that the data obtained in the groups of young fencers and football players differ statistically significantly on 5 scales of methodology out of 10. In particular, young football players have significantly more pronounced (p0.01) motives such as: "Social self-affirmation", "Socio-moral", "Achieving success in sports", "Sports-cognitive", "Social-patriotic". It is noteworthy that the recreational motive of young men who are engaged in fencing is expressed more clearly than in those who are engaged in football. However, this difference is not statistically significant. A promising area of research is to conduct a similar study on a larger sample internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of the athletes' organism on the physical loads is mostly determined by the peculiarities of their somatotype and plays an important role in the selection of sport activities. Therefore we have used the Heath-Carter somatotyping to describe the peculiarities of somatotypes of the athletes, representing 12 different sports (188 males with sport experience more than 5 years). The aim of the study was to compare the somatotypes of athletes with different directions of training process. It was found the two dominant somatotypes for combat sports athletes: balanced mesomorph (average somatotype for gopak fight is 2.39-4.44-2.71; for fencing - 2.53-5.28-2.18) and endomorphic mesomorph (karate WKF - 3.67-5.27-2.85; boxing - 3.66-4.58- 2.81). The mesomorphy dominates in somatotype of the athletes, who participate in strength sports, wrestling, rowing and swimming. The most frequently observed somatotype in the groups of weightlifters (2.89-5.68- 2.26), wrestlers (5.11-5.70-1.84), rowers (4.48-5.38-2.23) and swimmers (3.65-4.52-2.76) was endomorphic mesomorph. In the group of athletes, who participate in game sports, the somatotypes of balanced mesomorph (volleyball - 3.09-4.54-3.08 and tennis - 3.60-4.62-3.27) or endomorphic mesomorph (football - 3.75-4.34- 3.16) prevail. The average somatotype of high jumpers is 2.73-2.73-4.89 (balanced ectomorph). We can suppose the increase of ectomorphy in the case of high amount of vertical jumping elements during competitive and training activity (games, high jumping). The mesomorphy becomes dominant when the speed and strength loadings prevail (combat sports, weightlifting, wrestling, rowing and swimming). In this case the highest endomorphy has been found among the athletes, engaged in the sports without essential amount of vertical body movements (wrestling, rowing and swimming). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Educatio Artis Gymnasticae is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)