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The aim of this work was to evaluate calcium retention in 14 species of vegetable (from four usable groups). The material investigated consisted of raw and boiled fresh vegetables and two types of frozen product prepared for consumption after 12-month storage: one traditionally produced; the other obtained using the modified method (convenience food). The highest calcium content was found in leafy vegetables, followed (in descending order) by leguminous, root and brassica vegetables. The proportion by weight of Ca to P was highest in leafy vegetables and decreased with calcium retention despite the fact that levels of phosphorus were highest in leguminous and lowest in leafy vegetables. The nutrient density (ND%) of calcium for adults exceeded 100 for each individual vegetable species. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) percentage value varied between 23.04 (kale) and 1.46 (white cauliflower). Of the three types of product, ND and RDA values were generally greater in the frozen convenience products.

Background: This paper investigates tocopherol retention and vitamin E activity in the seeds of five bean cultivars (flageolet type and grown mostly for their dry seeds) harvested at the wax stage of maturity. Seeds were analyzed raw, cooked and in three products prepared for consumption after 0 and 12 months of storage. These comprised frozen products obtained using the traditional method (blanching-freezing-frozen storage-boiling) and a modified method (boiling-freezing-frozen storage-defrosting and heating in a microwave oven), and canned products., Result: Total tocopherols in fresh bean seeds were within the range 18.53-25.98 mg kg(-1) of edible portion. The most abundant form of tocopherol found in fresh seeds was γ-T isomer (87-91% of the total), followed by the α-T (5-7%) and δ-T (3-5%) forms; the β-T form was not detected. Cooking resulted in a 13-28% decrease in total tocopherols and a 17-31% reduction in vitamin E activity. In products prepared for consumption after 12 months' storage, total tocopherols and vitamin E activity were 13-53% and 23-60% lower, respectively, than in fresh seeds, with the highest losses being mainly in α-T content., Conclusion: The variety and cultivar or method of preservation had no effect on either tocopherol retention or vitamin E activity., (© 2012 Society of Chemical Industry.)

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the retention, the nutrient density and the recommended daily allowance of zinc in 14 common vegetable species prepared for consumption. The investigation included fresh vegetables, vegetables after traditional cooking in brine and two types of frozen products: one obtained using the traditional method (blanching-freezing-storage-cooking in brine) and the other obtained using the modified method, providing a ready-to-eat product (cooking in brine-freezing-storage-defrosting and heating in a microwave oven). A significant zinc decrease was found in most studied vegetables prepared for consumption. Application of the modified method contributed to a reduction in zinc losses in prepared-for-consumption frozen vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary The aim of the investigation was to compare oxalate retention in two types of frozen product prepared for consumption after frozen storage: one obtained using the traditional method (blanching-freezing-frozen storage-cooking) and a convenience food involving cooking-freezing-frozen storage-defrosting and heating in microwave oven. The investigation included three species of legume vegetables: immature (wax-stage maturity) seeds of broad bean and green pea, and French bean. Fresh broad bean seeds contained 53 mg total oxalates in 100 g fresh matter; pea 38 mg; and French bean 88 mg. Soluble oxalates comprised 53, 58 and 72% of total oxalates. The treatments applied resulted in reduction of the level of total and soluble oxalates, and oxalate to calcium ratio (broad bean and French bean); there was no influence on the level of calcium bound as calcium oxalate; true retention of oxalates was lower than apparent retention (green pea and French bean). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]