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1. Effect of a carotenoid-producing Bacillus strain on intestinal barrier integrity and systemic delivery of carotenoids: A randomised trial in animals and humans

Author

Sam Possemiers, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Joris Michiels, Béatrice Gleize, Selin Bolca, Bouke Salden, Jeroen Degroote, Ad A.M. Masclee, Cindy Duysburgh, Yala Stevens, Daisy Jonkers, Maryam Majdeddin, Iris Pinheiro, Noémie Van Noten, Freddy J. Troost, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism [Maastricht] (NUTRIM), Maastricht University [Maastricht], BioActor BV, Partenaires INRAE, MRM Health NV, ProDigest BVBA, Ghent University ( Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering,), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 613703,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2013-7-single-stage,CARODEL(2013), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Interne Geneeskunde, RS: NUTRIM - R2 - Liver and digestive health, RS: FSE UCV Program - 1 - Lijn 2: Voedingsinnovatie en gezondheid, and MUMC+: MA Maag Darm Lever (9)

Subjects
Agriculture and Food Sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, Overweight, Placebo, Intestinal barrier function, SUPPLEMENTATION, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, In vivo, Barrier integrity, Medicine, TX341-641, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], Carotenoid, Barrier function, GENE-EXPRESSION, chemistry.chemical_classification, Gastrointestinal tract, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, GUT PERMEABILITY, Probiotics, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, Carotenoids, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, Bioavailability, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], chemistry, BACTERIA, ACID, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of the carotenoid-producing Bacillus indicus strain PD01 on intestinal barrier function and its ability to survive passage through the gastrointestinal tract and to assess systemic bioavailability of these carotenoids in vivo. As model for impaired barrier function, 16 early weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control diet or control diet with PD01 for 23 days. In addition, 67 overweight/obese, otherwise healthy individuals were randomly assigned to groups receiving PD01 or placebo for 6 weeks. PD01 survived passage through the gastrointestinal tract in piglets and human subjects and resulted in significant accumulation of PD01 derived carotenoids (methyl-glycosyl-apo-8 ′-lycopenoate and glycosyl-apo-8 ′lycopene) in human plasma after 3-and 6-weeks supplementation versus baseline (0.044 and 0.076 vs 0 µM, respectively; p < 0.001). PD01 supplementation resulted in higher expression levels of occludin in the distal small intestine (1.38 ± 0.31 vs 0.59 ± 0.14; p = 0.044) and transepithelial electrical resistance in the mid colon (34.1 ± 3.01 vs 24.3 ± 1.13 Ω.cm 2 ; p = 0.019) of early weaned piglets compared to control. In overweight/obese individuals with preserved barrier integrity, PD01 did not affect sugar excretion (p ≥ 0.104). In summary, PD01 survived transit through the gastrointestinal tract, resulted in systemic carotenoid accumulation and improved compromised barrier function outcomes.

Published
2021
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2. Food Structure Modulates the Bioavailability of Triglycerides and Vitamin D, and Partly That of Lutein: A Randomized Trial with a Crossover Design in Adults

Author

Béatrice Gleize, Bruno Pereira, Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux, Charlotte Halimi, Marie-Agnès Peyron, Emmanuelle Reboul, Caroline Buffière, Nathalie Meunier, Manon Hiolle, Françoise Nau, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Ruddy Richard, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Service de Nutrition Clinique [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Giboulot, Anne

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Vitamin, Lutein, Population, Biological Availability, vitamin D, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, food structure, Humans, Cooking, Food science, triglyceride, education, Triglycerides, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, lutein, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, food and beverages, micronutiment, Micronutrient, Crossover study, Bioavailability, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Postprandial, chemistry, Food, Cholecalciferol, bioavailability, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Scope: The specific effect of the food matrix structure on fat-soluble micronutrient bioavailability is only partly understood. Evaluating fat-soluble micronutrient bioavailability after consumption of foods displaying similar composition but different structure is aimed at. Methods and results: Twelve healthy subjects are enrolled in a randomized, open label, crossover postprandial trial. Four different model foods are tested: custard, pudding, sponge cake, and biscuit. Vitamin D 3 , lutein, and triglyceride chylomicron responses, evaluated as postprandial areas under the curve, are then assayed. Custard triglyceride response is higher than pudding and biscuit responses (up to +122.7%, p < 0.0001). Sponge cake vitamin D 3 response is higher than biscuit response (+26.6%, p = 0.047). No difference between the model foods are observed regarding lutein responses. Triglyceride responses peak at 3 h for all conditions, while vitamin D 3 and lutein peaks are delayed by 1 h with the biscuit matrix compared to other model foods. Conclusion: Food structure can significantly impact on triglyceride and vitamin D 3 bioavailability in terms of absorbed amounts and/or maximum absorption time. The data highlight positive correlations between triglyceride, vitamin D, and lutein nutrient responses. These results are of particular interest to develop functional foods for population subgroups such as the elderly.

Published
2020
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3. The Effect of an Iron Supplement on Lycopene Metabolism and Absorption During Digestion in Healthy Humans

Author

Chureeporn Chitchumroonchokchai, Rachel E. Kopec, Béatrice Gleize, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Jean-Paul Bernard, Sophie Morange, Patrick Borel, Marion Nowicki, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Avignon Université (AU), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), CIC - Biotherapie - Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), and Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION )

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Lipoproteins, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Iron supplement, Ferrous, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lycopene, Blood plasma, medicine, Humans, Ferrous Compounds, Food science, Oleoresin, Carotenoid, Triglycerides, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Middle Aged, Bioavailability, 030104 developmental biology, Intestinal Absorption, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Digestion, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Caco-2 Cells, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology, Lipoprotein
Abstract

International audience; Scope: To investigate the formation and absorption of lycopene (LYC) metabolites in the human upper gastrointestinal lumen, in the absence and presence of iron. Methods: Healthy males (n = 7) consumed test meals that deliver ≈22 mg LYC + ≈0.3 mg apo-lycopenals from oleoresin without (-FeSO4) and with ferrous sulfate (160 mg, +FeSO4). Subjects were intubated with a naso-gastric/naso-duodenal tube. Digesta, blood plasma, and the triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions of plasma were analyzed using LC–MS/MS, to measure LYC and apo-lycopenoids. Results: Digesta LYC concentrations increased with time (p = 1.2 × 10−7), decrease with time × iron (p = 1.1 × 10−5), and remain ≈200× higher than apo-lycopenals/lycopenone. Digesta apo-8′-, -10′-, -12′-, -14′-, -15-lycopenal, and apo-13-lycopenone concentrations increased with time (p < 0.01), apo-12′-, -14′-, -15-lycopenal, apo-13-lycopenone increase with iron (p < 0.05), and time × iron decrease apo-8′-, -10′-, -12′-, -14′-, -15-lycopenal, apo-13-lycopenone concentrations (p < 0.01). A 1.9-fold decrease in LYC TRL area-under-the-time-concentration-curve is observed after the test meal +FeSO4 versus the test meal –FeSO4 (p = 0.02). Apo-lycopenals were detected in later TRL fractions, and no apo-lycopenols or apo-lycopenoic acids were observed in any samples. Conclusions: FeSO4 reduces LYC absorption. Apo-lycopenals appear to be absorbed from foods, and not made in significant quantities during digestion.

Published
2019
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4. Heating tomato puree in the presence of lipids and onion: The impact of onion on lycopene isomerization

Author

Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Jiahao Yu, Lianfu Zhang, Béatrice Gleize, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Département Caractérisation et Elaboration des Produits Issus de l'Agriculture (CEPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and CSC/Agrenium Program n°201706790070

Subjects
food.ingredient, Blanching, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Food chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Tomato puree, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lycopene, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, Isomerism, Solanum lycopersicum, Onions, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Disulfides, Food science, Olive Oil, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Allium cepa L, Chemistry, Diallyl disulfide, 010401 analytical chemistry, Temperature, Z-lycopene, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Solanum lycopersicum L, Lipids, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, Bioavailability, Allyl Compounds, Diallyl disulfite, Isomerization, Sulfur-containing compounds, Food Science, Olive oil
Abstract

International audience; Z-lycopene isomers are more bioavailable than all-E-lycopene, especially 5-Z-lycopene. Based on our observations, the addition of unblanched onion could favor Z-isomerization of lycopene (by more than 94%) during heating tomato-onion-extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) purees at 90 °C for 2 h. The increase in Z-lycopene was correlated linearly with the addition of unblanched onion, with R2 > 0.92, and increased rates of 5-Z-lycopene were 3–4 times higher than for 9-Z-lycopene and 13-Z-lycopene. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), formed by alliinasecatalyzed breakdown of non-volatile precursors in onion, contributed to these increases and correlated linearly (R2 > 0.79, 0–0.50 mg/g puree) with increased Z-lycopene. Increased rates of 5-Z-lycopene were also 3–4 times higher than for 9-Z-lycopene and 13-Z-lycopene. However, blanching of onion, in tomato-onion-EVOO purees, before heating, significantly decreased the effect of onion on Z-isomerization of lycopene.

Published
2019
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5. A D-optimal mixture design of tomato-based sauce formulations: effects of onion and EVOO on lycopene isomerization and bioaccessibility

Author

Béatrice Gleize, Lianfu Zhang, Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Jiahao Yu, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food and Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Département Caractérisation et Elaboration des Produits Issus de l'Agriculture (CEPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, viande de boeuf, food.ingredient, Hot Temperature, Food Handling, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], purée de tomate, formulation, Food handling, Tomato puree, Diffusion, sauce, oignon, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Lycopene, Isomerism, Solanum lycopersicum, mucin, huile d'olive vierge, digestion in vitro, Onions, Food science, Cooking, Olive Oil, onion, soy sauce, bioaccessibilité, pesticide formulations, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, pancreatic islets, isomère, pancréas endocrine, pepsine porcine, General Medicine, D optimal, Bioavailability, 030104 developmental biology, isomer, chemistry, lycopène, mucine, Isomerization, Food Science, Olive oil
Abstract

A D-optimal mixture design was used to study the effects of onion and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on lycopene Z-isomerization, lycopene diffusion into oil (expressed as a partition factor between tomato-based puree and oil) and in vitro bioaccessibility of lycopene isomers after thermal treatment of tomato-based puree consisting of tomato (75–100%), onion (0–20%) and EVOO (0–5%). A decrease of tomato puree could improve lycopene Z-isomerization, lycopene diffusion and lycopene bioaccessibility. The component interactions had an important influence on the Z-isomerization of lycopene, besides the linear mixtures of components. However, only linear mixtures of components appeared to have significant effects on the diffusion and bioaccessibility of lycopene, in which EVOO had the highest positive effect followed by onion. The bioaccessibility of lycopene isomers in every tomato-based sauce formulation decreased in the order: 13-Z-lycopene > 9-Z-lycopene > 5-Z-lycopene > all-E-lycopene. The bioaccessibility of total-Z-lycopene was at least 10 times higher than that of all-E-lycopene. Proportions of total-Z-lycopene were correlated positively with the partition factor and bioaccessibility of total-lycopene, with an r over 0.730 (p = 0.0031). Therefore, increased Z-lycopene proportions probably contributed to enhanced lycopene diffusion and bioaccessibility. The positive effects of components, especially onion, on total-lycopene diffusion and bioaccessibility were probably because the components increased the Z-isomerization of lycopene during heating of tomato-based puree.

Published
2019
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6. Microwave heating of tomato puree in the presence of onion and EVOO: The effect on lycopene isomerization and transfer into oil

Author

Lianfu Zhang, Catherine M.G.C. Renard, Jiahao Yu, Béatrice Gleize, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Département Caractérisation et Elaboration des Produits Issus de l'Agriculture (CEPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
food.ingredient, transfer of lycopene, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], purée de tomate, isomerization, Tomato puree, oignon, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, food, huile d'olive vierge, Food science, onion, 2. Zero hunger, mécanisme de transfert, 0303 health sciences, chauffage par micro-ondes, Allium cepa L, Z-lycopene, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Solanum lycopersicum L, 040401 food science, Lycopene, Vegetable oil, chemistry, Microwave heating, lycopène, isomerisation, Isomerization, Microwave, Food Science, Olive oil
Abstract

Tomatoes, the major sources of lycopene in human diet, are often processed into multi-ingredient products that contain vegetable oil and onion. Microwave heating (250 W for 20 min) tomato-based purees in the presence of both onion and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) clearly promoted Z-isomerization of lycopene and increased transfer of lycopene into oil (expressed as partition factor (PF) between tomato-based puree and oil), while only PF increased with either one of both ingredients. The proportion of Z-lycopene and PF increased with the addition of onion (10–50%) and EVOO (1–10%). This increase could be fitted with a linear equation, with R2 over 0.807. Microwave heating time (0–30 min at 250 W) also promoted Z-isomerization of lycopene and PF (R2 over 0.910), and among different microwave heating combinations (power, time), the combinations of high power and short time had greater effects. The PF of total-Z-lycopene was higher than that of all-E-lycopene. The proportion of total-Z-lycopene and 5-Z-lycopene present in the tomato-based purees after the same microwave treatment was positively correlated with the PF of total lycopene, with R2 higher than 0.690 (p = 0.0008), which illustrated that the increased proportion of Z-lycopene with onion and EVOO could contribute to enhanced transfer of lycopene.

Published
2019
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7. β-Cyclodextrin Does not Alter the Bioaccessibility and the Uptake by Caco-2 Cells of Olive By-Product Phenolic Compounds

Author

Béatrice Gleize, Valérie Tomao, Emmanuelle Reboul, Marielle Margier, Olivier Dangles, Marion Nowicki, Aurélia Malapert, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CTCPA Avignon, France, Structure Fédérative de Recherche (SFR) Tersys (Avignon University, France), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN)

Subjects
in vitro digestion, Metabolite, Antioxidants, Ferulic acid, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glucosides, digestion in vitro, Caffeic acid, Food science, acide caféique, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, beta-Cyclodextrins, hydroxytyrosol-O-glucoside, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Phenylethyl Alcohol, 040401 food science, 3. Good health, Alimentation et Nutrition, alperujo, enterocytes, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, hydroxytyrosol, p-coumaric acid, Coumaric Acids, composé phénolique, Biological Availability, lcsh:TX341-641, Article, p-Coumaric acid, grignon, entérocyte, polyphénol, biodisponibilité, Caffeic Acids, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Phenols, Olea, Food and Nutrition, Humans, polyphenols, Plant Extracts, olive pomace, Bioavailability, Tyrosol, Polyphenol, tyrosol, caffeic acid, bioavailability, Caco-2 Cells, Propionates, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

Alperujo&mdash, a two-phase olive mill waste that is composed of olive vegetation water and solid skin, pulp, and seed fragments - is a highly valuable olive by-product due to its high content in phenolic compounds. In this study, we assessed whether &beta, cyclodextrin (&beta, CD), which is used to extract and protect alpejuro phenolic compounds (hydroxytyrosol-O-glucoside, tyrosol, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids) could impact on their bioaccessibility (i.e., the percentage of molecule found in the aqueous phase of the digesta) and uptake by intestinal cells, by using an in vitro digestion model and Caco-2 TC7 cells in culture, respectively. Our results showed that &beta, CD did not change the bioaccessibility of the selected phenols. Hydroxytyrosol-O-glucoside and caffeic did not cross Caco-2 cell monolayers. Conversely ferulic acid, identified as the main caffeic acid intestinal metabolite, was absorbed through intestinal cell monolayers (~20%). Interestingly, &beta, CD moderately but significantly improved the local absorption of tyrosol and p-coumaric acid (2.3 + 1.4% and 8.5 &plusmn, 4.2%, respectively, p &lt, 0.05), even if their final bioavailability (expressed as bioaccessibility &times, absorption by Caco-2 cells) was not modified (16.2 &plusmn, 0.6% vs. 16.8 &plusmn, 0.5% for tyrosol and 32.0 &plusmn, 3.2% vs. 37.2 &plusmn, 3.2% for p-coumaric acid, from pure alperujo and alperujo complexed with &beta, CD, respectively). Overall, our results show that &beta, CD is an interesting extraction and storage agent for phenolic compounds that does not alter their in vitro bioavailability.

Published
2018
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8. Production of asymmetric oxidative metabolites of [13C]-β-carotene during digestion in the gastrointestinal lumen of healthy men

Author

Michel Carail, Béatrice Gleize, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Marion Nowicki, Rachel E. Kopec, Patrick Borel, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), European Project: 267196,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,AGREENSKILLS(2012), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition (C2VN)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 28 gastrointestinal lumen, Male, col de l'utérus, Metabolite, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), virus du papillome, chemistry.chemical_compound, caroténoïde, activité gastrointestinale, Food science, Meals, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Meal, ¹³C β - carotene, Nutrition and Dietetics, Stomach, Carotene, Provitamins, cellule épithéliale, Middle Aged, Postprandial Period, beta Carotene, medicine.anatomical_structure, Postprandial, Alimentation et Nutrition, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Digestion, Oxidation-Reduction, Adult, Asymmetric metabolites, Adolescent, Duodenum, Lipoproteins, Nutritional Status, métabolisme digestif, folate, 03 medical and health sciences, métabolisme oxydatif, Young Adult, medicine, Food and Nutrition, cancer, Humans, Triglycerides, beta carotène, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Metabolism, Carotenoids, Diet, Gastrointestinal Tract, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [¹³C]-β-carotene, metabolism, asymmetric metabolites, digestion, stomach, duodenum, gastrointestinal lume, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Lipoprotein
Abstract

Background Asymmetric β-apo-carotenoids (nonvitamin A-active metabolites) of provitamin A carotenoids have been observed in humans, but no study has investigated their formation during digestion. Objective The aim of this study was to follow the formation and absorption of asymmetric β-apo-carotenoids during digestion. Design Healthy men were intragastrically and intraduodenally intubated, and randomly assigned to consume a lipid-rich control meal (n = 3) or a lipid-rich test meal containing 20 mg [13C-10]-β-carotene (n = 7). Digesta samples were collected over 5 h, and blood collected over 7 h. The triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) fractions of plasma were also isolated. Lipophilic extracts of digesta, plasma, and TRL were analyzed via a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method developed to identify [13C]-labeled β-apo-carotenals/carotenone, [13C]-β-apo-carotenols, and [13C]-β-apo-carotenoic acids. Results Relative to [13C]-β-carotene, [13C]-β-apo-carotenal levels remained ∼3 orders of magnitude lower throughout digestion (no [13C]-β-apo-carotenols, or [13C]-β-apo-carotenoic acids were observed). A mixed model determined relative influence of digesta type and time on digesta metabolite level. Increasing time significantly increased the model levels of digesta [13C]-β-apo-10',12',14',15-carotenal and [13C]-β-apo-13-carotenone (P

Published
2018
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9. Are lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene lost through the digestive process?

Author

Charles Desmarchelier, Catherine Caris-Veyrat, Patrick Borel, Béatrice Gleize, Rachel E. Kopec, Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Human Nutrition Program [Columbus, Ohio, USA], Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by a grant from the PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur) region. Rachel Kopec received support from the European Union, in the framework of the Marie-Curie FP7 COFUND People Programme, through the award of an AgreenSkills fellowship (under grant agreement n° 267196)., European Project: 267196,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,AGREENSKILLS(2012), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Borel, Patrick, International Mobility Programme to Strengthen Skills and Excellence in Research for Agriculture - AGREENSKILLS - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2012-09-01 - 2017-02-28 - 267196 - VALID, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Lutein, Antioxidant, in vitro digestion, Duodenum, medicine.medical_treatment, metmyoglobin, Regulation of gastric function, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Lycopene, iron, Isomerism, medicine, Humans, Carotenoid, chemistry.chemical_classification, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Carotene, carotenoids, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, beta Carotene, 040401 food science, carotenoid, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biochemistry, chemistry, Metmyoglobin, Gastric Mucosa, Dietary Supplements, Digestion, metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The bioavailability of many carotenoids has been assessed, but little attention has been given to the metabolism of these antioxidant compounds during digestion. The isomerization and loss of lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene incorporated into a lipid-rich liquid meal was determined in vitro through the gastric, duodenal, and jejunal phases in the presence and absence of digestive enzymes, and in the presence and absence of known oxidizing agents often found in mixed meals (metmyoglobin in red meat and ferrous sulfate in supplemental iron). Carotenoids were quantitated using HPLC-PDA. In the absence of enzymes, lutein and lycopene were lost during earlier phases of the digestive process. In the presence of enzymes, lutein and lycopene were robust through the gastric and duodenal phases, with statistically significant losses of 40% and 20%, respectively, observed only during the jejunal phase. Regardless of the presence or absence of enzymes, an initial 25% of β-carotene was lost during the gastric phase, but no further loss was observed. Ferrous sulfate had no significant impact on any carotenoid level. Metmyoglobin had no impact on lutein, but significantly reduced lycopene and β-carotene levels by 30% and 80%, respectively, by the end of the jejunal phase. No significant isomerization was observed between the initial and jejunal phases for any of the carotenoids.

Published
2017
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10. Form of phytosterols and food matrix in which they are incorporated modulate their incorporation into mixed micelles and impact cholesterol micellarization

Author

Béatrice Gleize, Hana Koutnikova, Christophe Daval, Marion Nowicki, Patrick Borel, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Danone Research, Borel, Patrick, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Swine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Micelle, 03 medical and health sciences, Hydrolysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Side chain, Animals, Food science, Lipase, Pancreas, Micelles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, biology, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Phytosterols, Yogurt, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food, Melting point, biology.protein, Digestion, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Saturation (chemistry), [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology, Olive oil
Abstract

International audience; ScopeThe ability of different plant sterols/stanols (PS) mixtures, which differed in the degree of B-ring saturation and aliphatic side chain structure and saturation, to reduce cholesterol (CH) micellarization was explored. Methods and resultsExperiments were performed using an in vitro digestion model, synthetic mixed micelles, and pure porcine pancreatic lipases. Sterols were measured by GC-FID. The ability of PS to reduce CH micellarization was dependent on the form of PS and on the type of delivery matrix (low-fat yogurt or olive oil). Long-chain PS esters delivered in the yogurt matrix, and medium chain PS esters delivered in olive oil provided the greatest reduction in CH micellarization. In yogurt, the ability to impair CH micellarization was inversely related (rho = -0.41, p < 0.0005) to PS melting point. In olive oil, the more hydrophobic PS mixtures, i.e. those rich in long-chain PS esters, had the lower ability to impair CH micellarization. ConclusionsDifferent forms of PS have a different ability to impair CH micellarization. This ability depends on the transfer efficiency of PS from the food matrix to the micelle, which in turn depends on the melting point and the hydrophobicity of PS and on the delivery food matrix.

Published
2016
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11. Simple and fast HPLC method for simultaneous determination of retinol, tocopherols, coenzyme Q10 and carotenoids in complex samples

Author

Béatrice Gleize, Emmanuelle Reboul, Marc André, Marlène Steib, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Avantage Nutrition, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Reboul, Emmanuelle

Subjects
Ubiquinone, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Tocopherols, Food chemistry, 01 natural sciences, High-performance liquid chromatography, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Retinal, Humans, Tocopherol, Vitamin A, Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Coenzyme Q10, chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, Reverse-Phase, 0303 health sciences, Chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, Retinol, General Medicine, Carotenoids, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Fat-Soluble Vitamin, Adipose Tissue, chemistry, Coenzyme Q – cytochrome c reductase, HPLC, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Analysis, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; The effects of fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A and E) and lipid microconstituents (such as carotenoids) on human health are now well established. However, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods able to detect these molecules in simultaneous runs are often difficult to set up. We report here a 35-min reversed-phase HPLC method using a single C30 column kept at 35 degrees C with a gradient system of methanol, methyl-tert-butyl ether and water at a flow-rate of 1 mL/min. This method resolves 11 carotenoids, retinol, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol from complex matrixes such as food samples, human plasma and human adipose tissue within 35 min. The method is also able to separate coenzyme Q(10). The intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation are suitable for routine clinical and scientific applications for the determination of lipid micronutrients from various sample types.

Published
2012
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12. Glycosyl carotenoids from marine spore-forming Bacillus sp. strains are readily bioaccessible and bioavailable ǂ

Author

Charlotte Sy, Béatrice Gleize, Olivier Dangles, Patrick Borel, Frédéric Carlin, Stéphanie Chamot, Catherine Veyrat, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), European Project: 207948,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2007-1,COLORSPORE(2008), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Borel, Patrick, and New Sources of Natural, Gastric Stable, Food Additives, Colourants and Novel Functional Foods - COLORSPORE - - EC:FP7:KBBE2008-06-01 - 2011-11-30 - 207948 - VALID

Subjects
Bioavailability, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus, Adipose tissue, Beta-Carotene, macromolecular substances, Probiotic, law.invention, Absorption, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, law, β-carotene, polycyclic compounds, Glycosyl, Carotenoid, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Bacteria, organic chemicals, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, biological factors, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biochemistry, chemistry, Bacillus firmus, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Micelle
Abstract

International audience; The main human sources of carotenoids are fruits and vegetables. Some bacteria also synthesise carotenoids that can have peculiar chemical structures that raise the question of their bioavailability in humans. Bacillus indicus HU36 and Bacillus firmus GB1 strains contain glycosyl carotenoids that are partially acylated by linear fatty acids. The aim of the present study was to assess the bioaccessibility, the uptake efficiency and the tissue distribution of these bacterial carotenoids. β-carotene was used as a model carotenoid for comparisons. Results of in vitro digestion experiments showed that bioaccessibility of purified extracts of bacterial carotenoids was considerably higher (about 4.5 times as high) than that of pure β-carotene. Bacterial carotenoids were also bioaccessible when digested from their natural matrices, but about 2 times less than their purified extracts. Bacterial carotenoids were absorbed by Caco-2 with similar efficiency as β-carotene, i.e. about 10%. Bacterial carotenoids were recovered in significant amounts in their native chemical forms in plasma, liver and in adipose tissue of rats, which were force-fed for 3 days with either bacterial carotenoid extracts or lyophilised bacteria. Bacterial carotenoids were found at higher concentrations in rat tissues than β-carotene, about 2–3 times for GB1 carotenoids and 9 times for HU36 carotenoids. They were also more recovered in adipose tissue than β-carotene. In conclusion, glycosyl ca-rotenoids from the HU36 and GB1 Bacillus strains are readily bioavailable. This is due in part to their higher bioaccessibility but perhaps also due to their easier accumulation in tissues.

Published
2013
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13. Effect of type of TAG fatty acids on lutein and zeaxanthin bioavailability

Author

Romain Bott, Franck Tourniaire, Laurence Depezay, Pilar Galan, Béatrice Gleize, Serge Hercberg, Patrick Borel, Lionel Albino, Marion Nowicki, Denis Lairon, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ondes et Imagerie (O&I), Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique [Marseille] (LMA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Bonduelle, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 13 (UP13), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (UREN), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The SU.VI.MAX study was funded by DGS (Ministry of Health) and supported by Mederic, Ipsen, MGEN, SODEXHO and Pierre Fabre. Work on the subset cohort of SU.VI.MAX was granted by ANR (no. ANR-05-PNRA-010)., ANR-05-PNRA-0010,COMPALIMAGE,Comportements alimentaires et qualité du vieillissement. Rôle du statut inflammatoire, du stress oxydant, de l'insulino-résistance et de certains facteurs génétiques(2005), Déposants HAL-Avignon, bibliothèque Universitaire, Programme National de Recherches en Alimentation et Nutrition Humaine - Comportements alimentaires et qualité du vieillissement. Rôle du statut inflammatoire, du stress oxydant, de l'insulino-résistance et de certains facteurs génétiques - - COMPALIMAGE2005 - ANR-05-PNRA-0010 - PNRA - VALID, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2 - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM) - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM) - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2 - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - Ecole Centrale de Marseille (ECM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - Ecole Centrale de Marseille (ECM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris 13, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Paris 13 - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Lutein, huile de palme, Bioavailability, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, beurre, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], huile d'olive, Medicine (miscellaneous), maladie oculaire, chemistry.chemical_compound, caroténoïde, Oral administration, digestion in vitro, Food science, Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Vegetal Biology, acide gras, Xanthophyll, food and beverages, acide gras insaturé, xanthophylle, 3. Good health, Zeaxanthin, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Biochemistry, Alimentation et Nutrition, zeaxanthine, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, SFA, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, lutéine, biodisponibilité, micelle, Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, fonction visuelle, Unsaturated fatty acid, 030304 developmental biology, Unsaturated fatty acids, xanthophyll, eye diseases, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, chemistry, acide gras saturé, graisse alimentaire, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Biologie végétale, huile de poisson
Abstract

The xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin probably play a role in visual function and may participate in the prevention of age-related eye diseases. Although a minimum amount of TAG is required for an optimal bioavailability of these carotenoids, the effect of the type of TAG fatty acids (FA) is less clear. The aim was to assess the effect of the type of TAG FA on bioavailability of these xanthophylls. A total of three complementary models were used: anin vitrodigestion model to study bioaccessibility, Caco-2 cells to study uptake efficiency and orally administered rats to studyin vivobioavailability. Results showed that lutein and zeaxanthin bioaccessibility was greater (about 20–30 %, PP

Published
2013
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14. Effects of physicochemical properties of carotenoids on their bioaccessibility, intestinal cell uptake, and blood and tissue concentrations

Author

Olivier Dangles, Patrick Borel, Jean-François Landrier, Catherine Veyrat, Béatrice Gleize, Charlotte Sy, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale (SQPOV), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Borel, Patrick, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Male, Lutein, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Adipose tissue, Xanthophylls, Micelle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lycopene, polycyclic compounds, rat, Intestinal Mucosa, Carotenoid, Micelles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Postprandial Period, beta Carotene, 040401 food science, Intestines, Postprandial, Adipose Tissue, Liver, Biochemistry, Models, Animal, Biotechnology, Biological Availability, macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Astaxanthin, micelle, in vitro digestion model, Animals, Humans, Rats, Wistar, Triglycerides, organic chemicals, Carotenoids, biological factors, Diet, Rats, Bioavailability, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Intestinal Absorption, chemistry, caco-2, Caco-2 Cells, bioavailability, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Scope: Carotenoid bioavailability is affected by numerous factors. Our aim was to assess the involvement of known carotenoid physicochemical properties (e.g., hydrophobicity, van der Waals volume,...) on the transport of the main dietary carotenoids (beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and astaxanthin, from their food matrix to their main storage tissues. Methods and results: We used four complementary models: synthetic mixed micelles, an in vitro digestion procedure, Caco-2 cell monolayers, and a gavage experiment in rats. The efficiency with which pure carotenoids were incorporated into synthetic mixed micelles was related to their melting points (r = 0.99, p = 0.015). The efficiency with which pure carotenoids were transferred from dietary triglycerides into mixed micelles was related to carotenoid hydrophobicity (r = -1, p = 0.005). There was no relationship between the carotenoid physicochemical properties studied and their uptake efficiency by Caco-2. The postprandial plasma carotenoid response to carotenoid gavage was related to carotenoid hydrophobicity (r = -0.99, p = 0.006). Carotenoid adipose tissue response was not related to the carotenoid physicochemical properties studied. Conclusion: Thus, carotenoid hydrophobicity is important for bioaccessibility and postprandial blood response of carotenoids. In contrast, the carotenoid physicochemical properties studied are apparently not strong determinants of carotenoid uptake by enterocytes and adipose tissue.

Published
2012
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15. Lycopene attenuates LPS-induced TNF-alpha secretion in macrophages and inflammatory markers in adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media

Author

Julie Marcotorchino, Béatrice Gleize, Jean-François Landrier, Béatrice Romier, Erwan Gouranton, Christiane Malezet-Desmoulins, Celine Riollet, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), INRA, Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides, Chemokine, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Macrophage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], NF-KAPPA-B, Adipose tissue, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lycopene, Cell Movement, Adipocyte, Adipocytes, 10. No inequality, Cells, Cultured, METABOLIC SYNDROME, 0303 health sciences, INSULIN-RESISTANCE, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Cell biology, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, OBESITY, Cytokines, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Chemokines, medicine.symptom, Biotechnology, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Inflammation, Biology, Proinflammatory cytokine, TOMATO LYCOPENE, 03 medical and health sciences, 3T3-L1 Cells, medicine, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Macrophages, NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA, 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES, Carotenoids, chemistry, Culture Media, Conditioned, Immunology, biology.protein, CACO-2 CELLS, Biomarkers, Food Science, HEALTHY-ADULTS
Abstract

International audience; Scope Adipose tissue is infiltrated by an increasing number of macrophages during the development of obesity. These immune cells are suspected to be a major source of TNF-a that interferes with adipocyte function. Because lycopene possesses anti-inflammatory properties, we hypothesize that lycopene could reduce the production of TNF-a by macrophages and thus interfere in the cross-talk between macrophages and adipocytes. Methods and results We demonstrated that physiological concentrations of lycopene were able to attenuate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated induction of TNF-a in RAW 264.7 macrophages, at both the mRNA and protein levels. The molecular mechanism was studied. It appeared that the LPS-activation of both JNK and NF-?B signaling pathways was modulated by lycopene. The anti-inflammatory effects of lycopene on macrophages were accompanied by a decrease in LPS-stimulated macrophage migration in the presence of lycopene. Furthermore, lycopene decreased macrophage conditioned medium-induced proinflammatory cytokine, acute phase protein, and chemokine mRNA expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conclusion These data indicate that lycopene displayed an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages that beneficially impacted adipocyte function. Thus, these results suggest that lycopene could block the vicious cycle that occurs between adipocytes and macrophages in adipose tissue during obesity.

Published
2012
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16. Phytosterols can impair vitamin D intestinal absorption in vitro and in mice

Author

Denis Lairon, Béatrice Gleize, Aurélie Goncalves, Marie-Josèphe Amiot, Marion Nowicki, Romain Bott, Emmanuelle Reboul, Patrick Borel, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), PNRA 5.34, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Borel, Patrick

Subjects
Male, Vitamin, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, BIOAVAILABILITY, In Vitro Techniques, Intestinal absorption, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, polycyclic compounds, Animals, Humans, CHOLECALCIFEROL, Intestinal Mucosa, Vitamin D, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, MICELLES, Chemistry, Cholesterol, PHYTOSTEROLS, CHOLESTEROL, Postprandial Period, Sitosterols, Sterol, ABSORPTION INTESTINALE, Bioavailability, Mice, Inbred C57BL, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Enterocytes, Endocrinology, Postprandial, Intestinal Absorption, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Caco-2 Cells, Cholecalciferol, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Scope: Adequate vitamin D status is necessary and beneficial for health, although deficiency and insufficiency are very common. As cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) structure is close to cholesterol structure, we hypothesized that phytosterols, frequently used to decrease cholesterol, intestinal absorption and consequently to reduce hypercholesterolemia, may also interact with cholecalciferol absorption. Methods and results: β-Sitosterol effect on cholecalciferol postprandial response was first assessed in mice. We then evaluated the effect of different sterols on (i) cholecalciferol micellar incorporation, (ii) cholecalciferol apical uptake and (iii) basolateral efflux in vitro or ex vivo. In mice, cholecalciferol bioavailability was 15-fold lower in the presence of β-sitosterol (p

Published
2011
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17. CD36 is involved in lycopene and lutein uptake by adipocytes and adipose tissue cultures

Author

Jean-François Landrier, Isabelle Niot, Béatrice Gleize, Myriam Moussa, Erwan Gouranton, Philippe Besnard, Patrick Borel, Claire El Yazidi, Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique (NORT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Nutrition, obésité et risque thrombotique ( NORT ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Borel, Patrick

Subjects
CD36 Antigens, Male, Lutein, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, CD36, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, LYCOPENE, Adipose tissue, Oleic Acids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, Chlorocebus aethiops, RNA, Small Interfering, CAROTENOIDS, Carotenoid, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, Mice, Knockout, GENE CD36, 0303 health sciences, biology, CD 36, food and beverages, Lycopene, 3. Good health, ADIPOCYTES, ADIPOSE TISSUE, Biochemistry, COS Cells, RNA Interference, Biotechnology, Adipose tissue macrophages, Adipose Tissue, White, Succinimides, 03 medical and health sciences, Organ Culture Techniques, 3T3-L1 Cells, TRANSPORTEUR BIOLOGIQUE, parasitic diseases, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Biological Transport, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, GLYCOPROTEINR, chemistry, LUTEIN, biology.protein, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Ex vivo, Food Science, Explant culture
Abstract

International audience; Scope: Carotenoids are mainly stored in adipose tissue. However, nothing is known regarding the uptake of carotenoids by adipocytes. Thus, our study explored the mechanism by which lycopene and lutein, two major human plasma carotenoids, are transported. Methods and results: CD36 was a putative candidate for this uptake, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with sulfosuccinimidyl oleate, a CD36-specific inhibitor. sulfosuccinimidyl oleate-treated cells showed a significant decrease in both lycopene and lutein uptake as compared to control cells. Their uptake was also decreased by partial inhibition of CD36 expression using siRNA, whereas the overexpression of CD36 in Cos-1 cells increased their uptake. Finally, the effect of CD36 on carotenoid uptake was confirmed ex vivo in cultures of adipose tissue explants from CD36−/− mice, which exhibited reduced carotenoid uptake as compared to wild-type mice explants. Conclusion: For the first time, we report the involvement of a transporter, CD36, in carotenoid uptake by adipocytes and adipose tissue

Published
2011
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