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Biodegradable edible films for sour cream packaging were developed based on chitosan (CS), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), Olive leaf extract (OE), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 -NPs). The prepared CS/HEC/TiO 2 -OE bionanocomposite films were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities as well as using FT-IR, mechanical, permeability, and contact angle. The effect of developed films on the lipid oxidation, microbiological load, and chemical properties of sour cream was investigated. The fabricated films had an antimicrobial impact against all tested strains. The film containing 8 % OE showed effective protection against fat oxidation, with a peroxide value of 3.21 meq O 2 /kg, a para-anisidine value 5.40, and free fatty acids of 0.82 mg KOH/kg. The films with OE 4 % and 8 % have a good effect on the microbiological load of sour cream for 90 days. These films did not influence the chemical composition of sour cream and therefore can be used in this sort of dairy product., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Bionanocomposites have attracted a tremendous level of consideration as alternatives for a broad group of commercial materials based on petroleum-derived compounds and used for coating cheese. Sustainable, economical and environmentally compatible materials based on chitosan (CS), poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), glycerol (Gy) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 -NPs) were prepared. Moreover, the prepared bionanocomposites (CS/PVA/Gy/TiO 2 -NPs) were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, WVTR and mechanical strength. The developed CS/PVA/Gy/TiO 2 -NPs bionanocomposites exhibited homogeneous, compact morphological features and enhanced mechanical and barrier properties. Also, the prepared bionanocomposite exhibited variable inhibitory effects against several pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Karish was made and coated with the prepared bionanocomposite containing 1, 2 and 3% TiO 2 -NPs, and cold stored. Changes in the weight losses, cheese composition, microbiological quality, textural parameters, and sensory properties were followed during storage for 25 days. Coated Karish cheese retained acceptable quality until the end of the storage period, while uncoated developed surface fungi growth and deteriorated quality after 15 days. Karish cheese coated with the bionanocomposite containing 3% TiO 2 -NPs ranked the highest acceptability at the end of storage period., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

A novel bionanocomposites packaging material prepared using chitosan (CH), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), namely CH/CMC/ZnO bionanocomposites, was prepared by casting method. The CH/CMC/ZnO bionanocomposites were investigated using FT-IR, TEM, SEM, XRD, and TGA. The acquired bionanocomposites exhibited improved mechanical and thermal properties compare with the biocomposites (CH/CMC) blend. The soft white cheese were manufactured, packaged within the prepared bionanocomposites films and stored at 7°C for 30days. The influence of packaging material on packaged cheese (rheological properties, colour measurements, moisture, pH and titratable acidity) were assessed. Furthermore, the effect of packaging material on the total bacterial counts, mold & yeast and coliform in cheese was evaluated. The prepared bionanocomposites displayed good antibacterial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candidia albicans). Moreover, the packaging films assisted in increasing the shelf life of white soft cheese. Therefore, it can be used in food packaging applications., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Novel bionanocomposites based on chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/titanium nanoparticles (CS/PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite) were prepared and used as packaging materials for soft white cheese. The prepared bionanocomposites were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM and FT-IR. The CS/PVA/TiO2 bionanocomposites exhibited good mechanical properties. Furthermore, the obtained bionanocomposites exhibited superior antibacterial activity against gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus), gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candidia albicans). The soft white cheese was manufactured and packaged within the CS/PVA/TiO2 nanocomposite films and stored at 7 °C for 30 days. The color, rheological and chemical properties of cheese were evaluated, also the influence of CS/PVA/TiO2 bionanocomposites on microbiological analysis of soft white cheese was assessed, the results indicated that the total bacterial counts, mold & yeast and coliform decreased with the increasing storage period and disappeared at the end of storage period compared with control. Consequently, CS/PVA/TiO2 bionanocomposite can be used in food packaging applications., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)