9 results on '"Aitoro, Rosita"'
Search Results
2. Butyrate as a bioactive human milk protective component against food allergy.
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Paparo, Lorella, Nocerino, Rita, Ciaglia, Elena, Di Scala, Carmen, De Caro, Carmen, Russo, Roberto, Trinchese, Giovanna, Aitoro, Rosita, Amoroso, Antonio, Bruno, Cristina, Di Costanzo, Margherita, Passariello, Annalisa, Messina, Francesco, Agangi, Annalisa, Napolitano, Marcello, Voto, Luana, Gatta, Giusy Della, Pisapia, Laura, Montella, Francesco, and Mollica, Maria Pina
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BUTYRATES ,BREAST milk ,REGULATORY T cells ,FOOD allergy ,LABORATORY mice ,GOAT milk ,IMMUNOLOGICAL tolerance - Abstract
Background: Food allergy (FA) is a growing health problem worldwide. Effective strategies are advocated to limit the disease burden. Human milk (HM) could be considered as a protective factor against FA, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Butyrate is a gut microbiota‐derived metabolite able to exert several immunomodulatory functions. We aimed to define the butyrate concentration in HM, and to see whether the butyrate concentration detected in HM is able to modulate the mechanisms of immune tolerance. Methods: HM butyrate concentration from 109 healthy women was assessed by GS‐MS. The effect of HM butyrate on tolerogenic mechanisms was assessed in in vivo and in vitro models. Results: The median butyrate concentration in mature HM was 0.75 mM. This butyrate concentration was responsible for the maximum modulatory effects observed in all experimental models evaluated in this study. Data from mouse model show that in basal condition, butyrate up‐regulated the expression of several biomarkers of gut barrier integrity, and of tolerogenic cytokines. Pretreatment with butyrate significantly reduced allergic response in three animal models of FA, with a stimulation of tolerogenic cytokines, inhibition of Th2 cytokines production and a modulation of oxidative stress. Data from human cell models show that butyrate stimulated human beta defensin‐3, mucus components and tight junctions expression in human enterocytes, and IL‐10, IFN‐γ and FoxP3 expression through epigenetic mechanisms in PBMCs from FA children. Furthermore, it promoted the precursors of M2 macrophages, DCs and regulatory T cells. Conclusion: The study's findings suggest the importance of butyrate as a pivotal HM compound able to protect against FA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
- Full Text
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3. Extensively hydrolyzed casein formula alone or with L. rhamnosus GG reduces β-lactoglobulin sensitization in mice.
- Author
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Aitoro, Rosita, Simeoli, Raffaele, Amoroso, Antonio, Paparo, Lorella, Nocerino, Rita, Pirozzi, Claudio, Costanzo, Margherita, Meli, Rosaria, De Caro, Carmen, Picariello, Gianluca, Mamone, Gianfranco, Calignano, Antonio, Nagler, Cathryn R., and Berni Canani, Roberto
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CASEINS , *LACTOGLOBULINS , *DIETARY supplements , *INTERLEUKINS , *LABORATORY mice - Abstract
Background Extensively hydrolyzed casein formula ( EHCF) has been proposed for the prevention and is commonly used for the treatment of cow's milk allergy ( CMA). The addition of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( LGG) to EHCF may induce faster acquisition of tolerance to cow's milk. The mechanisms underlying this effect are largely unexplored. We investigated the effects of EHCF alone or in combination with LGG on β-lactoglobulin ( BLG) sensitization in mice. Methods Three-week-old C3H/HeOuJ mice were sensitized by oral administration of BLG using cholera toxin as adjuvant at weekly intervals for 5 weeks (sensitization period). Two experimental phases were conducted: (i) EHCF or EHCF+ LGG given daily, starting 2 weeks before the sensitization period and then given daily for 5 weeks and (ii) EHCF or EHCF+ LGG given daily for 4 weeks, starting 1 week after the sensitization period. Diet free of cow's milk protein was used as control. Acute allergic skin response, anaphylactic symptom score, body temperature, intestinal permeability, anti- BLG serum IgE, and interleukin ( IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ mRNA expression were analyzed. Peptide fractions of EHCF were characterized by reversed-phase ( RP)- HPLC, MALDI- TOF mass spectrometry, and nano- HPLC/ ESI- MS/ MS. Results Extensively hydrolyzed casein formula administration before or after BLG-induced sensitization significantly reduced acute allergic skin reaction, anaphylactic symptom score, body temperature decrease, intestinal permeability increase, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and anti- BLG IgE production. EHCF increased expression of IFN-γ and IL-10. Many of these effects were significantly enhanced by LGG supplementation. The peptide panels were similar between the two study formulas and contained sequences that could have immunoregulatory activities. Conclusions The data support dietary intervention with EHCF for CMA prevention and treatment through a favorable immunomodulatory action. The observed effects are significantly enhanced by LGG supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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4. Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow's milk allergy.
- Author
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Paparo, Lorella, Nocerino, Rita, Cosenza, Linda, Aitoro, Rosita, D'Argenio, Valeria, Del Monaco, Valentina, Di Scala, Carmen, Amoroso, Antonio, Di Costanzo, Margherita, Salvatore, Francesco, and Canani, Roberto Berni
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MILK allergy ,DNA methylation ,SCURFIN (Protein) - Abstract
Background: DNA methylation of the Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes is altered during cow's milk allergy (CMA). Forkhead box transcription factor 3 (FoxP3) is essential for the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and is involved in oral tolerance acquisition. We assessed whether tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA is associated with DNA demethylation of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) of FoxP3. Results: Forty children (aged 3-18 months) were enrolled: 10 children with active IgE-mediated CMA (group 1), 10 children who outgrew CMA after dietary treatment with an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (group 2), 10 children who outgrew CMA after treatment with other formulas (group 3), and 10 healthy controls (group 4). FoxP3 TSDR demethylation and expression were measured in mononuclear cells purified from peripheral blood of the four groups of children. FoxP3 TSDR demethylation was significantly lower in children with active IgE-mediated CMA than in either children who outgrew CMA or in healthy children. Formula selection influenced the FoxP3 TSDR demethylation profile. The FoxP3 TSDR demethylation rate and expression level were correlated. Conclusions: Tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA involves epigenetic regulation of the FoxP3 gene. This feature could be a new target for preventive and therapeutic strategies against CMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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5. Hepatic Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Immune Response in a Murine Model of Peanut Allergy.
- Author
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Trinchese, Giovanna, Mollica, Maria Pina, Paparo, Lorella, Aitoro, Rosita, Fierro, Carmela, Varchetta, Michela, Nocerino, Rita, and Berni Canani, Roberto
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Background: Evidence suggests a relevant role for liver and mitochondrial dysfunction in allergic disease. However, the role of hepatic mitochondrial function in food allergy is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction in a murine model of peanut allergy. Methods: Three-week-old C3H/HeOuJ mice were sensitized by the oral route with peanut-extract (PNT). We investigated: 1. the occurrence of effective sensitization to PNT by analysing acute allergic skin response, anaphylactic symptoms score, body temperature, serum mucosal mast cell protease-1 (mMCP-1) and anti-PNT immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels; 2. hepatic involvement by analysing interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA expression; 3. hepatic mitochondrial oxidation rates and efficiency by polarography, and hydrogen peroxide (H
2 O2 ) yield, aconitase and superoxide dysmutase activities by spectrophotometry. Results: Sensitization to PNT was demonstrated by acute allergic skin response, anaphylactic symptoms score, body temperature decrease, serum mMCP-1 and anti-peanut IgE levels. Liver involvement was demonstrated by a significant increase of hepatic Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13) mRNA expression. Mitochondrial dysfunction was demonstrated by lower state 3 respiration rate in the presence of succinate, decreased fatty acid oxidation in the presence of palmitoyl-carnitine, increased yield of ROS proven by the inactivation of aconitase enzyme and higher H2 O2 mitochondrial release. Conclusions: We provide evidence of hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction in a murine model of peanut allergy. These data could open the way to the identification of new mitochondrial targets for innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies against food allergy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
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6. Healthy infants harbor intestinal bacteria that protect against food allergy
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Evelyn Campbell, Taylor Feehley, Riyue Bao, Roberto Berni Canani, Cathryn R. Nagler, Catherine H. Plunkett, Lorella Paparo, Rita Nocerino, Rosita Aitoro, Jorge Andrade, Elliot Culleen, Sung Min Choi Hong, Pedro Belda-Ferre, Dionysios A. Antonopoulos, Feehley, Taylor, Plunkett, Catherine H., Bao, Riyue, Min Choi Hong, Sung, Culleen, Elliot, Belda-Ferre, Pedro, Campbell, Evelyn, Aitoro, Rosita, Nocerino, Rita, Paparo, Lorella, Andrade, Jorge, Antonopoulos, Dionysios A., BERNI CANANI, Roberto, and Nagler, Cathryn R.
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Allergy ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Anaerostipes caccae ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergen ,Food allergy ,Ileum ,medicine ,Animals ,Germ-Free Life ,Humans ,Anaphylaxis ,Feces ,2. Zero hunger ,Clostridiales ,Bacteria ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Healthy Volunteers ,3. Good health ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunology ,Allergic response ,Female ,Milk Hypersensitivity ,Food Hypersensitivity - Abstract
There has been a striking generational increase in life-threatening food allergies in Westernized societies1,2. One hypothesis to explain this rising prevalence is that twenty-first century lifestyle practices, including misuse of antibiotics, dietary changes, and higher rates of Caesarean birth and formula feeding have altered intestinal bacterial communities; early-life alterations may be particularly detrimental3,4. To better understand how commensal bacteria regulate food allergy in humans, we colonized germ-free mice with feces from healthy or cow's milk allergic (CMA) infants5. We found that germ-free mice colonized with bacteria from healthy, but not CMA, infants were protected against anaphylactic responses to a cow's milk allergen. Differences in bacterial composition separated the healthy and CMA populations in both the human donors and the colonized mice. Healthy and CMA colonized mice also exhibited unique transcriptome signatures in the ileal epithelium. Correlation of ileal bacteria with genes upregulated in the ileum of healthy or CMA colonized mice identified a clostridial species, Anaerostipes caccae, that protected against an allergic response to food. Our findings demonstrate that intestinal bacteria are critical for regulating allergic responses to dietary antigens and suggest that interventions that modulate bacterial communities may be therapeutically relevant for food allergy.
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- 2018
7. Gut Microbiota as a Target for Preventive and Therapeutic Intervention against Food Allergy
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Margherita Di Costanzo, Lorella Paparo, Roberto Berni Canani, Mariangela Montella, Linda Cosenza, Rita Nocerino, Rosita Aitoro, Antonio Amoroso, Viviana Granata, Giovanna Trinchese, Carmen Di Scala, Danilo Ercolini, Aitoro, Rosita, Paparo, Lorella, Amoroso, Antonio, DI COSTANZO, Margherita, Cosenza, Linda, Granata, Viviana, DI SCALA, Carmen, Nocerino, Rita, Trinchese, Giovanna, Montella, Mariangela, Ercolini, Danilo, and BERNI CANANI, Roberto
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0301 basic medicine ,Dietary Fiber ,immune tolerance ,Caesarean delivery ,Review ,Biology ,Gut flora ,Diet, High-Fat ,digestive system ,Immune tolerance ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,Cow's milk allergy ,Food allergy ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,cow’s milk allergy ,Humans ,Metabolomics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Probiotics ,dysbiosi ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Infant ,dysbiosis ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,butyrate ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,Immune System ,Immunology ,diet ,Dysbiosis ,short chain fatty acids ,Food Hypersensitivity ,probiotic ,Food Science - Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in immune system development and function. Modification in the gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis) early in life is a critical factor affecting the development of food allergy. Many environmental factors including caesarean delivery, lack of breast milk, drugs, antiseptic agents, and a low-fiber/high-fat diet can induce gut microbiota dysbiosis, and have been associated with the occurrence of food allergy. New technologies and experimental tools have provided information regarding the importance of select bacteria on immune tolerance mechanisms. Short-chain fatty acids are crucial metabolic products of gut microbiota responsible for many protective effects against food allergy. These compounds are involved in epigenetic regulation of the immune system. These evidences provide a foundation for developing innovative strategies to prevent and treat food allergy. Here, we present an overview on the potential role of gut microbiota as the target of intervention against food allergy.
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- 2017
8. Epigenetic features of FoxP3 in children with cow’s milk allergy
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Valentina Del Monaco, Carmen Di Scala, Francesco Salvatore, Margherita Di Costanzo, Roberto Berni Canani, Lorella Paparo, Valeria D'Argenio, Rita Nocerino, Antonio Amoroso, Rosita Aitoro, Linda Cosenza, Paparo, Lorella, Nocerino, Rita, Cosenza, Linda, Aitoro, Rosita, D'Argenio, Valeria, DEL MONACO, Valentina, Di Scala, Carmen, Amoroso, Antonio, DI COSTANZO, Margherita, Salvatore, Francesco, and BERNI CANANI, Roberto
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ,Short Report ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Milk allergy ,Biology ,Oral tolerance ,T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetic ,Food allergy ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Transcription factor ,health care economics and organizations ,Genetics (clinical) ,Extensively hydrolyzed casein formula ,Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ,Caseins ,Infant ,FOXP3 ,Forkhead Transcription Factors ,hemic and immune systems ,DNA Methylation ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Infant Formula ,humanities ,Treatment Outcome ,030104 developmental biology ,DNA demethylation ,030228 respiratory system ,DNA methylation ,Immunology ,Female ,Milk Hypersensitivity ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
BACKGROUND: DNA methylation of the Th1 and Th2 cytokine genes is altered during cow's milk allergy (CMA). Forkhead box transcription factor 3 (FoxP3) is essential for the development and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and is involved in oral tolerance acquisition. We assessed whether tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA is associated with DNA demethylation of the Treg-specific demethylated region (TSDR) of FoxP3. RESULTS: Forty children (aged 3-18 months) were enrolled: 10 children with active IgE-mediated CMA (group 1), 10 children who outgrew CMA after dietary treatment with an extensively hydrolyzed casein formula containing the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (group 2), 10 children who outgrew CMA after treatment with other formulas (group 3), and 10 healthy controls (group 4). FoxP3 TSDR demethylation and expression were measured in mononuclear cells purified from peripheral blood of the four groups of children. FoxP3 TSDR demethylation was significantly lower in children with active IgE-mediated CMA than in either children who outgrew CMA or in healthy children. Formula selection influenced the FoxP3 TSDR demethylation profile. The FoxP3 TSDR demethylation rate and expression level were correlated. CONCLUSIONS: Tolerance acquisition in children with IgE-mediated CMA involves epigenetic regulation of the FoxP3 gene. This feature could be a new target for preventive and therapeutic strategies against CMA.
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- 2016
9. Diagnosing and Treating Food Allergy
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Vincenza Pezzella, Margherita Di Costanzo, Ludovica Leone, Roberto Berni Canani, Rosita Aitoro, Riccardo Troncone, Tommaso Cozzolino, Lorella Paparo, Linda Cosenza, Rita Nocerino, BERNI CANANI, Roberto, Nocerino, R, Pezzella, V, Leone, L, Cozzolino, T, Aitoro, Rosita, Paparo, L, Di Costanzo, M, Cosenza, L, and Troncone, Riccardo
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medicine.diagnostic_test ,Oral food challenge ,business.industry ,food and beverages ,Nutritional status ,Physical examination ,Diagnostic tools ,medicine.disease ,Food allergy ,Elimination diet ,Immunology ,medicine ,Subcutaneous immunotherapy ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medical history ,business ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is defined as an abnormal immunological reaction to food proteins. Over 90 % of FAs in childhood are caused by eight foods: cow’s milk, hen’s egg, soy, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, fish and shellfish. The diagnostic work up for a child with suspected FA includes detailed medical history, physical examination, FA screening tests and response to elimination diet and to oral food challenge. Sometimes additional diagnostic tools to explore intestinal damage and function could be adopted. Currently, the only treatment for FA relies on strict elimination diets supervised by the nutritionist. Main new therapeutic strategies for FA include allergen-specific (oral, sublingual, epicutaneous, subcutaneous immunotherapy and heat treatment of food) and non-allergen-specific therapies (humanized monoclonal antibodies, anti-IgE and anti-IL5, probiotics). An incorrect diagnosis is likely to result in unnecessary dietary restrictions, which, if prolonged, may adversely affect the child’s nutritional status and growth.
- Published
- 2013
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