1. Neural correlates of language and non-language visuospatial processing in adolescents with reading disability
- Author
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Diehl, Joshua John, Frost, Stephen J, Sherman, Gordon, Mencl, W Einar, Kurian, Anish, Molfese, Peter, Landi, Nicole, Preston, Jonathan, Soldan, Anja, Fulbright, Robert K, Rueckl, Jay G, Seidenberg, Mark S, Hoeft, Fumiko, and Pugh, Kenneth R
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Health Sciences ,Neurosciences ,Basic Behavioral and Social Science ,Pediatric ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Mental Health ,Clinical Research ,Mental health ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Brain Mapping ,Dyslexia ,Female ,Form Perception ,Functional Laterality ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Pattern Recognition ,Visual ,Reading ,Space Perception ,Young Adult ,fMRI ,Visuospatial processing ,Impossible figures ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
Despite anecdotal evidence of relative visuospatial processing strengths in individuals with reading disability (RD), only a few studies have assessed the presence or the extent of these putative strengths. The current study examined the cognitive and neural bases of visuospatial processing abilities in adolescents with RD relative to typically developing (TD) peers. Using both cognitive tasks and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we contrasted printed word recognition with non-language visuospatial processing tasks. Behaviorally, lower reading skill was related to a visuospatial processing advantage (shorter latencies and equivalent accuracy) on a geometric figure processing task, similar to findings shown in two published studies. FMRI analyses revealed key group by task interactions in patterns of cortical and subcortical activation, particularly in frontostriatal networks, and in the distributions of right and left hemisphere activation on the two tasks. The results are discussed in terms of a possible neural tradeoff in visuospatial processing in RD.
- Published
- 2014