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In this account, we will highlight recent progress in the development of multichannel lanthanide‐doped (MC−Ln) nanoprobes for highly efficient serodiagnosis and therapy, with a particular focus on our own work. First, we first provide a classification of the types of MC−Ln nanoprobes based on the contained type and number of signals. The merits of different types of nanoprobes and the reason using lanthanides are elucidated. Then, we provide an overview of the current uses of MC−Ln nanoprobes in serodiagnosis and therapy, focusing on the strategic exploration to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic performance from different perspectives. Finally, we present a prospective outlook on the future development and potential issues of next‐generation MC−Ln nanoprobes. We hope that this timely account will update our understanding of MC−Ln and similar nanoprobes for bioapplications and provide helpful references for the state‐of‐the‐art tools for serodiagnosis and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous photothermal ablation of multiple tumors is limited by unpredictable photo‐induced apoptosis, caused by individual intratumoral differences. Here, a multi‐channel lanthanide nanocomposite was used to achieve tailored synergistic treatment of multiple subcutaneous orthotopic tumors under non‐uniform whole‐body infrared irradiation prescription. The nanocomposite reduces intratumoral glutathione by simultaneously activating the fluorescence and photothermal channels. The fluorescence provides individual information on different tumors, allowing customized prescriptions to be made. This enables optimal induction of hyperthermia and dosage of chemo drugs, to ensure treatment efficacy, while avoiding overtherapy. With an accessional therapeutic laser system, customized synergistic treatment of subcutaneous orthotopic cancer cases with multiple tumors is possible with both high efficacy and minimized side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tagging, tracking, or validation of products are often facilitated by inkjet‐printed optical information labels. However, this requires thorough substrate pretreatment, ink optimization, and often lacks in printing precision/resolution. Herein, a printing method based on laser‐driven deposition of solid polymer ink that allows for printing on various substrates without pretreatment is demonstrated. Since the deposition process has a precision of <1 µm, it can introduce the concept of sub‐positions with overlapping spots. This enables high‐resolution fluorescent labels with comparable spot‐to‐spot distance of down to 15 µm (444,444 spots cm−2) and rapid machine learning‐supported readout based on low‐resolution fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, the defined thickness of the printed polymer ink spots can be used to fabricate multi‐channel information labels. Additional information can be stored in different fluorescence channels or in a hidden topography channel of the label that is independent of the fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wavelength-dependent absorbance of blood has impeded the development of fluorescence biodetection in whole blood. Here, by replacing the fluorescence working signal with a temperature signal, reliable H2S detection was performed in samples of whole blood. The developed system was based on a dual-channel lanthanide-doped nanoprobe, which further allowed precise serodiagnosis of acute pancreatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorescence signals have been widely used in information encryption for a few decades, but still suffer from limited reliability. Here, reversible multichannel fluorescent devices with encrypted information were constructed, based on two fluorescent positional isomers of a diphenylquinoxaline derivative. Possessing the same core fluorescent group and acid‐/pH‐responsive mechanism, the two isomers showed different fluorescence colors in an acidic environment; this allowed us to realize stepwise encryption of information in orthogonal fluorescence channels. Because the protonation was reversible, the revealed information could be re‐encrypted simply by heating. This approach highlights the value of positional isomers to build multichannel encryption devices, improving their reliability on the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pb(II) ions pose a grave concern due to their ability to inflict irreparable harm upon humans, even at exceedingly low concentrations. Conventional techniques have limitations due to the need for complex sample pre-treatment, specialized operation, and expensive equipment for widespread Pb(II) ion detection. Consequently, there is a burgeoning interest in developing a DNA biosensor that employs fluorescence methodology to detect Pb(II) ions. It offers heightened sensitivity, an impressive lower detection limit, and user-friendly operation, thus rendering it a focal point of contemporary scientific inquiry. One noteworthy observation is the Pb(II) ion's capacity to form remarkably stable G-quadruplex structures when paired with G-base-rich oligonucleotide sequences (GOS), surpassing the stability achieved with K(I) ions. This observation opens up exciting avenues and possibilities for detecting Pb(II) ions. In this review, we undertake a comprehensive classification and summarization of diverse fluorescent biosensors for Pb(II) ion detection, relying on the formation of G-quadruplex structures through both label-free and labeled methodologies. The categorization encompasses signal on–off/off–on models and enzymatic-assisted approaches within the label-free methods. In the labeling method, our scrutiny delves into various classes of quenching groups, including conventional quenchers, continuous G bases, and nanomaterials, offering a comprehensive discussion of their respective merits and applications. Moreover, this review endeavors to explicate the formation of G-quadruplex structures triggered by Pb(II) ions, thereby fostering a more explicit understanding among researchers of these intricate structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a strategy for the selective derivatization of 3‐nitrotyrosine‐containing proteins using the classic azo coupling reaction as the key step is described. This novel approach featured multiple advantages and was successfully applied to detect picomole levels of protein tyrosine nitration in biological samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) enzymes are the only identified proteins that maintain thioredoxin (Trx) proteins in a reduced state under physiological conditions, and consequently play a pivotal role in the regulation of various cellular redox signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation, growth, and death. The elevated expression of TrxR enzymes has been observed in different types of cancer cells, and this overexpression is of pathological significance in maintaining tumor phenotypes, such as uncontrolled proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Herein, we discuss recent advances in the study of TrxR, including classic assays of TrxR, the emerging chemical tools of TrxR, and small molecules that target TrxR as potential anticancer agents. Now you Se me: Mammalian thioredoxin reductases are selenoproteins that play a pivotal role in cellular redox regulation. Recent progress in small molecules that target these enzymes, such as fluorescent probes, inhibitors, and prodrugs, are summarized (see figure). The design strategies and chemical mechanisms of these molecules are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitric oxide (NO) donors are valuable tools to probe the profound implications of NO in health and disease. The elusive nature of NO bio-relevance has largely limited the use of spontaneous NO donors and promoted the development of next generation NO donors, whose NO release is not only stimulated by a trigger, but also readily monitored via a judiciously built-in self-calibration mechanism. Light is without a doubt the most sensitive, versatile and biocompatible method of choice for both triggering and monitoring, for applications in complex biological matrices. Herein, we designed and synthesized an N-nitroso rhodamine derivative ( NOD560 ) as a photo-triggered and photo-calibrated NO donor to address this need. NOD560 is essentially non-fluorescent. Upon irradiation by green light (532 nm), it efficiently release NO and a rhodamine dye, the dramatic fluorescence turn-on from which could be harnessed to conveniently monitor the localization, flux, and dose of NO release. The potentials of NOD560 for in vitro biological applications were also exemplified in in vitro biological models, i.e. mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration suppression. NOD560 is expected to complement the existing NO donors and find widespread applications in chemical biological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid response, encryption, fluorescence, multichannel, positional isomers Keywords: acid response; encryption; fluorescence; multichannel; positional isomers EN acid response encryption fluorescence multichannel positional isomers 16059 16059 1 11/24/21 20211122 NES 211122 B A multichannel device for information encryption b that uses two fluorescent positional isomers of quinoxaline derivatives is reported. [Extracted from the article]