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Coastal flooding is one of the devastating natural disasters occurred in the recent past and it is expected to further increase due to the effects of sea level rise and storm surges associated with climate change. Losses from these floods are generally categorized as tangible and intangible depending on whether or not the losses can be easily assessed in monetary values. Compared to tangible losses, relatively few research studies exist where intangible losses are assessed and incorporated into flood risk analysis due to the lack of appropriate evaluation and integration methodologies. In this research study, all the intangible losses are assessed in nonmonetary measures using different approaches which were either adopted from literature or newly developed. Furthermore, an attempt was taken to assess the intangible losses in monetary values. The integration of tangible economic losses with the intangible losses measured in nonmonetary values was carried out within the framework of a multi-criteria analysis (MCA). Moreover, the intangible losses in monetary measures are integrated adopting the concept of cost-benefit analysis. The paper presents the results of the evaluation of intangible losses and their integration with tangible economic losses for the exemplary study carried out in the two XtremRisK pilot sites, Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg, and Sylt Island in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes an integrated spatial modeling concept for flood losses which has been developed within the joint research project "XtremRisK". For the final step of an integrated coastal flood risk analysis based on the "risk source-pathway-receptor" approach, the "Cellbased Risk Assessment" (CRA) concept is implemented for the spatial modeling of both tangible and intangible flood losses and their aggregation into the so-called "integrated risk". Finally, all results are utilized for the hazard and risk mapping, which serve as a basis for the decision making on risk management strategies. The different steps of the CRA concept and its applicability for different types of spatial input data are shown in the paper. Furthermore, advantages and limitations of this spatial modeling concept for integrated flood risk analysis are discussed. The practical implementation of the approach is described for the study area Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg (Germany) and the related categories of flood losses. The results show that the newly developed CRA concept is a suitable spatial modeling framework with respect to the comprehensive requirements in this integrated coastal flood risk analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A brief overview of the joint research project XtremRisK is given. The project has been focusing on developing/improving/expanding the knowledge, methods and models with respect to (i) physically possible extreme storm surge for current conditions and scenarios for climate change, (ii) failure mechanisms of flood defenses, (iii) assessment of intangible losses (social and ecological) and their integration with direct/indirect economic losses, (iv) reliability analysis of flood defense systems and (v) source-pathway-receptor (SPR)-based integrated flood risk analysis involving both tangible and intangible losses and its implementation for two selected pilot sites (representative for an open coast and an urban estuarine area in Germany). The key results are briefly summarized and the lessons learned for future flood risk studies are finally drawn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase the flood resilience of cities (i.e., the ability to cope with flood hazards), it is also crucial to make critical infrastructure functions resilient, since these are essential for urban society. Cities are complex systems with many actors of different disciplines and many interdependent critical infrastructure networks and functions. Common flood risk analysis techniques provide useful information but are not sufficient to obtain a complete overview of the effects of flooding and potential measures to increase flood resilience related to critical infrastructure networks. Therefore, a more comprehensive approach is needed which helps accessing knowledge of actors in a structured way. Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States has suffered from flood impacts, especially from disruptions in critical infrastructure. This paper shows how shared insight among different sectors and stakeholders into critical infrastructure resilience and potential resilience-enhancing measures was obtained using input from these actors. It also provides a first quantitative indication of resilience, indicated by the potential disruption due to floods and the effect of measures on resilience. The paper contributes to the existing literature on resilience specifically by considering the duration of disruption, the inclusion of critical infrastructure disruption in flood impact analysis, and the step from resilience quantification to measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]