1. Implications of coordinated cell-body rotations for Leptospira motility
- Author
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Hajime Tahara, Kyosuke Takabe, Akihiro Kawamoto, Shuichi Nakamura, and Seishi Kudo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Leptospira ,Rotation ,Movement ,030106 microbiology ,Cryoelectron Microscopy ,Biophysics ,Motility ,Cell Biology ,Periplasmic space ,Anatomy ,Flagellum ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Gyration ,03 medical and health sciences ,Inner membrane ,Molecular Biology ,Intracellular ,Spiral - Abstract
The spirochete Leptospira has a coiled cell body and two periplasmic flagella (PFs) that reside beneath the outer sheath. PFs extend from each end of the cell body and are attached to the right-handed spiral protoplasmic cylinder (PC) via a connection with the flagellar motor embedded in the inner membrane. PFs bend each end of the cell body into left-handed spiral (S) or planar hook (H) shapes, allowing leptospiral cells to swim using combined anterior S-end and posterior H-end gyrations with PC rotations. As a plausible mechanism for motility, S- and H-end gyrations by PFs and PC rotations by PF countertorque imply mutual influences among the three parts. Here we show a correlation between H-end gyration and PC rotation from the time records of rotation rates and rotational directions of individual swimming cells. We then qualitatively explain the observed correlation using a simple rotation model based on the measurements of motility and intracellular arrangements of PFs revealed by cryo-electron microscopy and electron cryotomography.
- Published
- 2017