1. Post-translational modification enzymes as key regulators of ciliary protein trafficking.
- Author
-
Chaya T and Furukawa T
- Subjects
- Animals, Biological Transport, Humans, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Cilia physiology, Enzymes metabolism, Flagella physiology, Proteins chemistry, Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Primary cilia are evolutionarily conserved microtubule-based organelles that protrude from the surface of almost all cell types and decode a variety of extracellular stimuli. Ciliary dysfunction causes human diseases named ciliopathies, which span a wide range of symptoms, such as developmental and sensory abnormalities. The assembly, disassembly, maintenance and function of cilia rely on protein transport systems including intraflagellar transport (IFT) and lipidated protein intraflagellar targeting (LIFT). IFT is coordinated by three multisubunit protein complexes with molecular motors along the ciliary axoneme, while LIFT is mediated by specific chaperones that directly recognize lipid chains. Recently, it has become clear that several post-translational modification enzymes play crucial roles in the regulation of IFT and LIFT. Here, we review our current understanding of the roles of these post-translational modification enzymes in the regulation of ciliary protein trafficking as well as their regulatory mechanisms, physiological significance and involvement in human diseases., (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Japanese Biochemical Society.)
- Published
- 2021
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