24 results on '"Artoni, Roberto Ferreira"'
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2. Repetitive sequences associated with differentiation of W chromosome in Semaprochilodus taeniurus
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Terencio, Maria Leandra, Schneider, Carlos Henrique, Gross, Maria Claudia, Nogaroto, Viviane, de Almeida, Mara Cristina, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, and Feldberg, Eliana
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- 2012
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3. Handling of Astyanax sp. for biomonitoring in Cangüiri Farm within a fountainhead (Iraí River Environment Preservation Area) through the use of genetic biomarkers
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Ramsdorf, Wanessa Algarte, Vicari, Taynah, de Almeida, Marina I. M., Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Cestari, Marta Margarete
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- 2012
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4. Numeric and structural chromosome polymorphism in Rineloricaria lima (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): fusion points carrying 5S rDNA or telomere sequence vestiges
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Rosa, Kamila Oliveira, Ziemniczak, Kaline, de Barros, Alain Victor, Nogaroto, Viviane, Almeida, Mara Cristina, Cestari, Marta Margarete, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo
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- 2012
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5. Chromosome analyses in species of Pareiorhina (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) and cytotaxonomic considerations on the group
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Centofante, Liano, Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Buckup, Paulo Andreas, Bertollo, Luiz Antonio Carlos, and Moreira-Filho, Orlando
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- 2011
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6. Diversification of a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system in Characidium fish (Crenuchidae, Characiformes)
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Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Moreira-Filho, Orlando, and Bertollo, Luiz Antonio Carlos
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- 2008
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7. A Perspective of Molecular Cytogenomics, Toxicology, and Epigenetics for the Increase of Heterochromatic Regions and Retrotransposable Elements in Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) Exposed to the Parasiticide Trichlorfon.
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dos Santos Costa, Maria, da Silva, Hallana Cristina Menezes, Soares, Simone Cardoso, Favarato, Ramon Marin, Feldberg, Eliana, Gomes, Ana Lúcia Silva, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Matoso, Daniele Aparecida
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TAMBAQUI ,EPIGENETICS ,ANTIPARASITIC agents ,FISHING techniques ,FISH farming ,TOXICOLOGY ,FISH reproduction - Abstract
Simple Summary: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Trichlorfon effects on the retrotransposable elements in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) genome, which is a highly popular and well-known fish in the Amazon with a large reproduction number mediated by pisciculture. Thereby, tambaqui specimens were submitted to two different Trichlorfon concentrations (30% and 50% of LC
50–96 h ) under experimental conditions. The retrotransposons were analyzed using the FISH technique and the heterochromatin standard with the C-band technique. The retrotransposons studied presented a dispersed distribution profile in the tambaqui karyotype with Rex3 being more prominent than the others, showing the greatest increase in markings. Furthermore, the heterochromatin profile showed that these retrotransposons can be found in the heterochromatic portions of the chromosomes. Thus, it was observed that Trichlorfon has an activation mechanism for these retroelements, especially Rex3. Rex retroelements are the best-known transposable elements class and are broadly distributed through fish and also individual genomes, playing an important role in their evolutionary dynamics. Several agents can stress these elements; among them, there are some parasitic compounds such as the organochlorophosphate Trichlorfon. Consequently, knowing that the organochlorophosphate Trichlorfon is indiscriminately used as an antiparasitic in aquaculture, the current study aimed to analyze the effects of this compound on the activation of the Transposable Elements (TEs) Rex1, Rex3, and Rex6 and the structure of heterochromatin in the mitotic chromosomes of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). For this, two concentrations of the pesticide were used: 30% (0.261 mg/L) and 50% (0.435 mg/L) of the recommended LC50–96 h concentration (0.87 mg/L) for this fish species. The results revealed a dispersed distribution for Rex1 and Rex6 retroelements. Rex3 showed an increase in both marking intensity and distribution, as well as enhanced chromosomal heterochromatinization. This probably happened by the mediation of epigenetic adaptive mechanisms, causing the retroelement mobilization to be repressed. However, this behavior was most evident when Trichlorfon concentrations and exposure times were the greatest, reflecting the genetic flexibility necessary for this species to successfully adapt to environmental changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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8. Genetic Diversity of the Small Characid Fish Astyanax sp., and its Significance for Conservation
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Matoso, Daniele Aparecida, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Galetti Jr, Pedro Manoel
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- 2004
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9. Editorial: Genetics, Evolution, and Conservation of Neotropical Fishes.
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Torres, Rodrigo Augusto and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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FISH conservation ,GENETICS ,KARYOTYPES ,FISH genetics ,EVOLUTIONARY developmental biology ,PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation ,SCIENTIFIC community - Abstract
To begin answering those questions, we asked these, and other, questions of the scientific community with the goal of gathering together answers to those questions for the Frontiers in Genetics, which celebrates the 30th anniversary of the first Symposium on Cytogenetics and Fish Genetics. Due to rapidly declining biodiversity of Neotropical fish, integrating conservation genetics with data describing systematics and ecological information including details of the adaptive landscape, together will become important for future research. Forensic genetics has also benefitted from new tools, and using DNA barcoding has assisted in the identification of meats from different shark species (some endangered) in the domestic market in Brazil (Almerón-Souza et al.). [Extracted from the article]
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- 2019
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10. Repetitive sequences: the hidden diversity of heterochromatin in prochilodontid fish.
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Terencio, Maria L., Schneider, Carlos H., Gross, Maria C., do Carmo, Edson Junior, Nogaroto, Viviane, de Almeida, Mara Cristina, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Vicari, Marcelo R., and Feldberg, Eliana
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HETEROCHROMATIN ,PROCHILODUS lineatus ,MOLECULAR genetics ,OLIGONUCLEOTIDE arrays ,POSITION effect (Genetics) - Abstract
The structure and organization of repetitive elements in fish genomes are still relatively poorly understood, although most of these elements are believed to be located in heterochromatic regions. Repetitive elements are considered essential in evolutionary processes as hotspots for mutations and chromosomal rearrangements, among other functions -- thus providing new genomic alternatives and regulatory sites for gene expression. Te present study sought to characterize repetitive DNA sequences in the genomes of Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine & Schomburgk, 1841) and Semaprochilodus taeniurus (Valenciennes, 1817) and identify regions of conserved syntenic blocks in this genome fraction of three species of Prochilodontidae (S. insignis, S. taeniurus, and Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836) by cross-FISH using Cot-1 DNA (renaturation kinetics) probes. We found that the repetitive fractions of the genomes of S. insignis and S. taeniurus have significant amounts of conserved syntenic blocks in hybridization sites, but with low degrees of similarity between them and the genome of P. lineatus, especially in relation to B chromosomes. Te cloning and sequencing of the repetitive genomic elements of S. insignis and S. taeniurus using Cot-1 DNA identified 48 fragments that displayed high similarity with repetitive sequences deposited in public DNA databases and classified as microsatellites, transposons, and retrotransposons. Te repetitive fractions of the S. insignis and S. taeniurus genomes exhibited high degrees of conserved syntenic blocks in terms of both the structures and locations of hybridization sites, but a low degree of similarity with the syntenic blocks of the P. lineatus genome. Future comparative analyses of other prochilodontidae species will be needed to advance our understanding of the organization and evolution of the genomes in this group of fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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11. First karyotype description of Hypostomus iheringii (Regan, 1908): a case of heterochromatic polymorphism.
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Traldi, Josiane Baccarin, Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues, áDe Ftima Martinez, Juliana, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Moreira-Filho, Orlando
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HYPOSTOMUS ,KARYOTYPES ,HETEROCHROMATIC genes ,PLOIDY ,FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization ,NUCLEOLUS organizer region - Abstract
In this study, which is the first karyotype analysis of Hypostomus iheringii, nine specimens collected in Córrego da Lapa (tributary of the Passa-Cinco River) showed a diploid number of 80 chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with an 18S rDNA probe revealed the presence of multiple nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) (chromosome pairs 13, 20, and 34). FISH with a 5S rDNA probe showed that this cistron was only present in chromosome pair 2. When the karyotypes of individual animals were compared, unique heterochromatic polymorphisms were detected on chromosome pairs 1 and 5. Specifically, specimens had heterochromatic blocks (h+h+) on both chromosomes, one chromosome with heterochromatic blocks (h+h-) or chromosomes that lacked heterochromatic blocks (h-h-). Considering that heteromorphic pattern is not correlated with variation in size, the process of heterochromatinization might act on the long arms of these chromosomes. In summary, all chromosomal markers indicate that the karyotype of H. iheringii is highly differentiated and that the heterochromatinization of chromosomal segments may have contributed to its karyotypic differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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12. Epifluorescence and light microscopy evidencing structural and functional polymorphism of ribosomal DNA in fish (Teleostei: Astyanax fasciatus)
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Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Gross, Maria Cláudia, Schneider, Carlos Henrique, Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, de Almeida, Mara Cristina, and Matoso, Daniele Aparecida
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GENETICS , *EMBRYOLOGY , *MENDEL'S law , *BIOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: New karyotypic data are presented for the Astyanax fasciatus species complex from four different locations on the Upper Tibagi River in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Chromosome markers were analyzed using conventional (Ag-NOR) and molecular (FISH with 18S biotinylated probes) methods. Two cytotypes were found in cell counts with diploid number 2n =48 chromosomes and 2n =50 chromosomes, previously denominated Cytotype A and B, respectively. Two specific patterns of Ag-NORs markers (ribosomal gene activity) were found, with intra-population and inter-population variations. Cytotype A exhibited two to three chromosomes with NOR sites in the metaphases analyzed. In Cytotype B specimens, up to three markers were found, demonstrating greater intra-population and inter-population variation. All individuals with only one chromosome pair with NORs were located in the telomeric region of the short arm of Chromosome 5. This characteristic was interpreted as ancestral for the species. Another identified pattern revealed a site in the telomeric region probably in the long arm of Chromosome 4 and another submetacentric chromosome with bitelomeric marks exclusively in specimens with 2n =50 chromosomes. In the FISH analysis (ribosomal gene structure), five to seven markers were identified in Cytotype A and three to seven markers were identified in Cytotype B. Structural chromosome events and/or transposable elements are required to explain the ribosomal gene location diversity in these organisms. The results of the present study corroborate the hypothesis that the A. fasciatus of the Upper Tibagi River region constitute a species complex. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2008
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13. Chromosomal Characterization of Armored Catfish Harttia longipinna (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): First Report of B Chromosomes in the Genus
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Blanco, Daniel Rodrigues, Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Traldi, Josiane Baccarin, and Moreira-Filho, Orlando
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- 2012
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14. Physical mapping of 18S rDNA cistron in species of the Omophoita genus (Coleoptera, Alticinae) using fluorescent in situ hybridization
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Almeida, Mara Cristina, Goll, Leonardo Gusso, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Nogaroto, Viviane, Matiello, Rodrigo Rodrigues, and Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo
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GENE mapping , *RIBOSOMAL DNA , *FLEA beetles , *FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *KARYOTYPES , *BIOLOGICAL evolution , *GENETICS - Abstract
Abstract: Alticinae has the greatest amount of biodiversity among the Chrysomelidae, with 40,000 described species, only 290 of which have been analyzed cytogenetically. The majority of studies refer to conventional staining and few species have been analyzed or have responded to differential staining methods. The aim of the present study was to describe an 18S rDNA probe for Alticinae and the location of this cluster in species of the Omophoita genus. The fragment of approximately 750bp obtained through a PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification reaction with specific oligonucleotides to 18S rDNA was cloned and denominated pTZ_Ooct_18Sp and then submitted to automatic sequencing. The alignment of the sequences obtained through the sequencing of the clones generated a consensus sequence of 722bp for Omophoita octoguttata with 98% homology with other species of Alticinae. The analysis of mitotic cells of O. octoguttata and Omophoita magniguttis submitted to fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with the 18S rDNA probe revealed that the ribosomal genes are located in 6th pair. O. magniguttis also has a second labeled pair. Omophoita personata exhibited nucleolar organizer regions associated to one autosome pair. The analysis of meiotic cells submitted to FISH revealed one labeled bivalent in metaphase I in O. octoguttata and O. personata and in one chromosome in metaphase II in O. octoguttata. FISH data suggest a conserved pattern in the species analyzed and an apomorphy of O. magniguttis karyotype. The rDNA 18S probe could be considered an important marker to evidence the karyotypic differentiation, not observed with conventional methodologies, in species considered karyotypically conserved and uniform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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15. A comparative study of two marine catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae): Cytogenetic tools for determining cytotaxonomy and karyotype evolution
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Sczepanski, Thaís Saad, Noleto, Rafael Bueno, Cestari, Marta Margarete, and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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FISH microbiology , *MARINE fishes , *CATFISH fisheries , *SEA catfishes , *RECOMBINANT DNA , *BIOMARKERS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *FLUORESCENCE in situ hybridization , *CYTOGENETICS - Abstract
Abstract: The family Ariidae comprises approximately 130 catfish species on both warm-temperate and tropical continental shelves around the world. The systematics of the group is problematic, with several misidentification problems. In order to better understand the evolutionary relationships in the family, the present study used a cytogenetic approach to characterize two populations of Genidens genidens and two populations of Aspistor luniscutis from the southern coast of Brazil using conventional techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA probes. The two species had the same diploid number (2n =56), high fundamental numbers and similar banding patterns, thereby corroborating the karyotypic homogeneity proposed for the group. Single nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) were found in the genus Genidens and multiple NORs were found in Aspistor, which are considered an important cytotaxonomic marker for this genus. Karyotypic evolution trends were hypothesized, providing a better understanding of the karyotype diversity and chromosome evolution processes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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16. Comparative chromosome painting in hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
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Jorge C. Pereira, Roberto Ferreira Artoni, Ivanete de Oliveira Furo, Alice Lemos Costa, Ricardo José Gunski, Analía Del Valle Garnero, Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith, Edivaldo Herculano Correia de Oliveira, Patricia C. M. O’Brien, Tiago Marafiga Degrandi, Degrandi, Tiago Marafiga [0000-0003-1586-5405], Furo, Ivanete de Oliveira [0000-0001-5404-6029], Oliveira, Edivaldo Herculano Correia de [0000-0001-6315-3352], Costa, Alice Lemos [0000-0003-4620-2989], Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A [0000-0001-9372-1381], Pereira, Jorge C [0000-0002-1472-1613], Garnero, Analía Del Valle [0000-0003-4252-8228], Gunski, Ricardo José [0000-0002-7315-0590], Artoni, Roberto Ferreira [0000-0002-2528-9846], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Campylopterus largipennis ,animal structures ,bird ,Karyotype ,QH426-470 ,01 natural sciences ,Colora??o Cromoss?mica / veterin?ria ,03 medical and health sciences ,FISH ,biology.animal ,evolution ,Genetics ,chromosome ,Molecular Biology ,Aves / anatomia & histologia ,biology ,Anthracothorax nigricollis ,Chromosome ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Hummingbird ,Chromosome painting ,Cari?tipo ,Ploidy ,Hylocharis ,Animal Genetics ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Evolutiva. Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Universidade Federal Rural da Amaz?nia. Laborat?rio de Reprodu??o Animal. Parauapebas, PA, Brazil / University of Cambridge. Department of Veterinary Medicine. Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics. Cambridge, UK. Universidade Federal do Par?. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Gen?tica e Biologia Molecular. Bel?m, PA, Brazil / Minist?rio da Sa?de. Secretaria de Vigil?ncia em Sa?de. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil. Universidade Federal do Pampa. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. S?o Gabriel, RS, Brazil. University of Cambridge. Department of Veterinary Medicine. Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics. Cambridge, UK. University of Cambridge. Department of Veterinary Medicine. Cambridge Resource Centre for Comparative Genomics. Cambridge, UK. University of Tr?s?os?Montes and Alto Douro. Animal and Veterinary Research Centre. Vila Real, Portugal. Universidade Federal do Pampa. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. S?o Gabriel, RS, Brazil. Universidade Federal do Pampa. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas. S?o Gabriel, RS, Brazil. Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Biologia Evolutiva. Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil. Hummingbirds (Trochilidae) are one of the most enigmatic avian groups, and also among the most diverse, with approximately 360 recognized species in 106 genera, of which 43 are monotypic. This fact has generated considerable interest in the evolutionary biology of the hummingbirds, which is reflected in a number of DNA-based studies. However, only a few of them explored chromosomal data. Given this, the present study provides an analysis of the karyotypes of three species of Neotropical hummingbirds, Anthracothorax nigricollis (ANI), Campylopterus largipennis (CLA), and Hylocharis chrysura (HCH), in order to analyze the chromosomal processes associated with the evolution of the Trochilidae. The diploid number of ANI is 2n=80 chromosomes, while CLA and HCH have identical karyotypes, with 2n=78. Chromosome painting with Gallus gallus probes (GGA1?12) shows that the hummingbirds have a karyotype close to the proposed ancestral bird karyotype. Despite this, an informative rearrangement was detected: an in-tandem fusion between GGA7 and GGA9 found in CLA and HCH, but absent in ANI. A comparative analysis with the tree of life of the hummingbirds indicated that this fusion must have arisen following the divergence of a number of hummingbird species.
- Published
- 2020
17. Distribuição de elementos repetitivos no genoma de nyctibiidae e caprimulgidae (aves: caprimulgiformes) e a evolução do cromossomo w
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Souza, Marcelo Santos de, Gunski, Ricardo José, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, and Garnero, Analía Del Valle
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Cromossomo W ,Birds ,Cytogenetcs ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS [CNPQ] ,FISH ,W Chromosome ,Citogenética ,Microsatellite ,Microssatélites ,Aves - Abstract
Recentemente a citogenética de aves tem apresentado grandes avanços com o advento de técnicas moleculares como a hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH). As aves possuem características evolutivas interessantes, principalmente pelo seu tamanho de genoma reduzido e cariótipo em formato bimodal. A ordem Caprimulgiformes é uma das menos conhecidas do ponto de vista citogenético. Nesse trabalho duas espécies de famílias distintas foram analisadas Nyctibius griseus (Nyctibiidae) e Hydropsalis torquata (Caprimulgidae), com 2n= 86 e 74 cromossomos respectivamente. A citogenética clássica contribuiu para a identificação das regiões ricas em heterocromatina constitutiva, com o uso de bandeamento CBG nas duas espécies, apresentando grande acúmulo no cromossomo W em ambas e em alguns pares de microcromossomos de N. griseus. O bandeamento GTG estabeleceu o padrão de bandas positivas e negativas de N. griseus, reiterando as diferenças dos cromossomos Z e W desta espécie, um peculiar elemento deste cariótipo, que apresenta características diferentes de outras aves e até mesmo de H. torquata sendo homomórfico ao cromossomo Z. Utilizando técnicas moleculares de hibridização com sondas de sequências rDNA 18S foram encontrados sinais positivos em apenas um par de microcromossomos na mesma região onde também foi hibridizada a sonda (CGG)10 em ambas espécies. Dentre as seguintes sequências repetitivas (CA)15, (CAA)10, (CAC)10, (CAG)10, (CAT)10, (CGG)10, (GA)15, (GAA)10, (GAG)10, (GC)15 e (TA)15, somente (CA)15 e (TA)15 não hibridizaram no cromossomo W de N. griseus, em contraste, o W de H. torquata não apresentou nenhum sinal de hibridização. Em relação aos cromossomos autossômicos, H. torquata exibiu sinais de hibridização de quatro sequências repetitivas (CA)15, (CAC)10, (CGG)10, e (TA)15, todas em cromossomos autossômicos, ao passo que, em N. griseus somente as sequências (CA)15, (CAC)10 e (CGG)10, hibridizaram, sendo todas elas em microcromossomos. Esses dados indicam que, no decorrer da história evolutiva desse grupo o genoma de H. torquata acumulou menos sequências microssatélites que o genoma de N. griseus diferenciando essas duas linhagens na ordem Caprimulgiformes. Por fim é possível inferir que o cromossomo W de N. griseus reagiu a pressões evolutivas utilizando mecanismos singulares que permitiram a obtenção de características que o difere do W de outras aves neognatas. Estes resultados revelam a importância deste tipo de sequência na evolução e diferenciação do cromossomo sexual W. Recently, the avian cytogenetics has presented great advances with the advent of molecular techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Birds have interesting evolutionary characteristics, mainly due to their reduced genome size and bimodal karyotype. The order Caprimulgiformes is one of less known from the cytogenetic point of view. In this work two species of distinct families were analyzed Nyctibius griseus (Nyctibiidae) and Hydropsalis torquata (Caprimulgidae), with 2n = 86 and 74 chromosomes respectively. Classical cytogenetics contributed to the identification of the regions rich in constitutive heterochromatin with CBG banding in this two species, presenting large accumulation in the W chromosome in both and in some pairs of N. griseus microchromosomes. The GTG banding established the pattern of positive and negative bands in N. griseus, reiterating the differences of the Z and W chromosomes from this species, a peculiar element in its karyotype, which presents different characteristics from other birds and even from H. torquata being homomorphic to Z chromosome. Using is situ hybridization with 18S rDNA sequences probes, positive signals were found in only one pair of microchromosomes in the same region where the (CGG)10 probe was also hybridized, thus both species present the same condition. Among the repetitive sequences (CA)15, (CAA)10, (CAC)10, (CAG)10, (CAT)10, (CGG)10, (GA)15, (GAA)10, (GAG)10, (GC)15 and (TA)15, only (CA)15 and (TA)15 did not hibridize in the W chromosome of N. griseus, in contrast, the W of H. torquata has not present any signal of hibridization. Regarding to autosomal chromosomes, H. torquata showed signals of hybridization of four repetitive sequences (CA)15, (CAC)10, (CGG)10, and (TA)15, all on autosomal macrochromosomes, whereas in N. griseus only sequences (CA)15, (CAC)10 and (CGG)10 hybridized, all of them in microchromosomes. These data indicate that during the evolutionary history of this group H. torquata genome accumulated less microsatellites sequences than the N. griseus genome, differentiating these two lineages in the order Caprimulgiformes. In conclusion, it is possible to infer that W chromosome of N. griseus reacted to evolutionary pressures using unique mechanisms wich allowed to obtain distinguishing features from the W of other neognathae birds. These results reveal the importance of this kind of sequence in the evolution and differentiation of the W sex chromosome.
- Published
- 2018
18. Chromosomal evolution in Osteoglossiformes (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) : an intercontinental approach in the Notopteridae family
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Barby, Felipe Faix, Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello, and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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Notopteridae ,Fish ,Karyotype evolution ,GENETICA::GENETICA ANIMAL [CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS] ,Teleostei ,Evolução cariotípica ,Dartseq ,GENETICA [CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS] - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The order Osteoglossiformes represent one of the most basal groups among the Teleosteos. These fishes live exclusively on freshwater environments and are characterized by the presence of a bonytongue. The group is a good model for evolutive studies due the presence of alive representatives in all continental lands localized on south hemisphere (except the Antarctic continent) even with a gondwanica origin (allowing to perform inferences about vicariant/dispersal events). The members of the Notopteridae family are distributed throughout the African and Asian (in tropical region) continents. In order to explain the distribution of the Asian biota that has close relations with the species present in Africa, the hypothesis "Out-of-India" was proposed. The idea in this hypothesis is that the lineages previously present in Gondwana reached Asia through the continental drift of the Indian subcontinent. This idea was considered the better explanation for the distribution of notopterids during a long time, but recent molecular data disclose disagreements between the geological times of tectonic drift and molecular divergence. In this context, we perform chromosomal and molecular approaches to infer about the group's diversity in relation to its biogeography. Chromosomal approaches involved classical banding techniques as well as FISH assays using repetitive DNA probes, chromosome painting and CGH; while the molecular approach was performed through the analysis of allelic sequences containing SNP polymorphisms obtained by the DArTseq genotyping technique, which involves next generation sequencing technology. The results of cytogenetic data pointed a diploid number variation in two of the seven species here studied, and also was verified variations for the distribution of the rDNA 18S and rDNA 5S markers for three species. This variation for the karyotype structure in the family was better evidenced by the CGH results, in which few chromosomal segments were shared between the intergeneric crossings assays. Indeed, these chromosomal variations was expected due the ancient divergent time in scale of tens of millions years ago between the lineages. The chromosome painting results showed a shared segment in all the seven species, pointing a possible linkage site that was also in the ancestor of the group. The PCA analysis of the polymorphisms obtained by DArTseq grouped the species according to their geographic distribution, result that was also verified by a Bayesian analysis when both chromosomal and molecular markers was combined. Thus, based on our data here obtained together with the molecular data obtained in the literature, we infer about the possibility of a gene flow occurring even after the separation of the African and Indian continental masses, discussing possibilities of the existence of temporary bridges linking Africa to the subcontinent Indian Ocean through the island of Madagascar and the Seychelles archipelago. Indeed, the existence of gene flow through temporary bridges in some moment linking the Africa to islands present in the sea localized on the African east coast is discussed in several groups of limited dispersion, which gave rise to an alternative hypothesis to "Out-of-India", called "Lemurian-step-stones". This approach from the point of view of "Lemurian-step-stones" is the first one carried out on freshwater fish. A ordem Osteoglossiformes representam um dos grupos mais basal dentre os Teleósteos. São peixes exclusivamente de água-doce caracterizados pela presença de uma língua óssea. O grupo é um bom modelo para estudos evolutivos devido a presença de seus representantes vivos em todos as massas continentais do hemisfério sul (exceto Antártica) mesmo possuindo uma origem gondwanica (permitindo assim realizar inferências sobre eventos vicariantes/dispersão). Os membros da família Notopteridae encontram-se distribuídos pelos continentes africano e asiático (na região tropical). Para explicar a distribuição da biota asiática que possui relações próximas às espécies presentes na África, foi proposta a hipótese “Out-of-India”, que diz que as linhagens presentes antes no Gondwana chegaram até a Ásia por meio da deriva continental do subcontinente indiano. Esta ideia foi considerada a mais adequada para explicar a distribuição dos notopterídeos por um bom tempo, porém dados moleculares recentes demonstram discordâncias entre os tempos geológicos de deriva tectônica e a divergência molecular. No contexto desta problemática, realizamos abordagens cromossômicas e moleculares para inferir sobre a diversidade do grupo em relação a sua biogeografia. As abordagens cromossômicas envolveram as técnicas de bandeamento clássicas assim como ensaios de FISH utilizando sondas de DNA repetitivos, pintura cromossômica e CGH; enquanto que a abordagem molecular foi realizada através da análise de sequencias alélicas contendo polimorfismos SNP obtidas pela técnica de genotipagem DArTseq, que envolve técnicas de sequenciamento de nova geração. Os resultados dos dados citogenéticos apontaram uma variação do número diploide em duas das sete espécies estudadas, assim como foram verificadas variações para a distribuição dos marcadores rDNA 18S e 5S em três espécies. Esta variação na estrutura cariotípica na família fica melhor evidenciada com os resultados de CGH, no qual poucos segmentos cromossômicos são compartilhados para os cruzamentos intergêneros. Estas variações são esperadas dado aos tempos de divergências na escala de dezenas de milhões de anos apresentados entre estas linhagens. O resultado de pintura cromossômica aponta o compartilhamento de um segmento entre todas as espécies, indicando um possível sítio de ligação presente no ancestral comum. A análise dos polimorfismos obtidos através de DArTseq por PCA agrupou as espécies de acordo com a distribuição geográfica, resultado também verificado por uma análise Bayesiana casando os marcadores cromossômicos e moleculares. Assim, baseados nos nossos dados aqui obtidos juntamente com os dados moleculares obtidos na literatura, inferimos sobre a possibilidade da ocorrência de um fluxo gênico mesmo após a separação das massas continentais Africanas e Indiana através da existência de pontes temporárias ligando a África ao subcontinente indiano compostas pelas ilhas de Madagascar e do arquipélago de Seychelles. De fato, a existência de fluxo gênico através de pontes temporárias ligando a África às ilhas presentes no oceano ao leste da costa africana é discutido em diversos grupos de dispersão limitada, o que deu origem a uma hipótese alternativa a “Out-of-India”, chamada de “Lemurian-step-stones”. Esta abordagem sob o ponto de vista da “Lemurian-step-stones” é a primeira realizada em peixes de agua-doce.
- Published
- 2018
19. Análise populacional de Cichlasoma paranaense (Osteichthyes, Perciformes, Cichlidae) da região do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais, com base em marcadores citogenéticos e DNA mitocondrial
- Author
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Carine de Mendonça Francisco, Brito, Rute Magalhães, Morelli, Sandra, Feldberg, Eliana, and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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Cromossomos ,Peixes ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA [CNPQ] ,Usinas Hidrelétricas ,Fish ,Hydroelectric plants ,DNA mitocondrial ,Peixes - Citogenética ,Molecular markers ,Genética ,Marcadores moleculares ,Chromosomes - Abstract
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais No Brasil, foram construídas diversas usinas hidrelétricas ao longos dos anos e na mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, isolando partes dos rios. Os peixes têm sofrido grandes impactos, com a construção de reservatórios, alterando o ciclo biológico dessas espécies que estão relacionados aos ciclos hidrológicos, alterando a conectividade entre o rio e áreas de reprodução. A espécie Cichlasoma paranaense (família Cichlidae), foi escolhida pois ocorre em diferentes regiões do Triângulo Mineiro, e os marcadores citogenéticos utilizados foram Ag-RONs, DAPI, Cromomicina e bandeamento C e um molecular foi o sequenciamento parcial da COI mitocondrial. Assim, o objetivo foi avaliar se o tempo de implementação das barragens nos Rios Araguari, Tijuco, Paranaíba e Grande foi suficiente para afetar a variabilidade genética das populações desta espécie. A bacia do Rio Paranaíba apresenta um total de dezesseis usinas hidrelétricas instaladas ao longo dos seus principais cursos d’água. Os dados citogenéticos referentes ao número e morfologia cromossômica (2n) das populações corroboram o conservadorismo cariotípico dos ciclídeos neotropicais, apresentando em sua maioria cromossomos com 2n=48 subtelo-acrocêntricos com Ag-RONs simples. Variações na fórmula cariotípica (FC) e nas marcações de bandeamento C, e variações na rede de haplótipos foram observadas e podem ser consequência do isolamento populacional imposto pela construção de barragens ao longo dos anos nestes rios. A proximidade genética entre as populações do Rio Grande e Paranaíba, geograficamente distantes, nos levam a sugerir que outras regiões do DNAmt e do DNA nuclear devem ser sequenciadas e novos marcadores devem ser empregados, como os microssatélites. Que irá possibilitar identificar mais precisamente as relações genéticas entre as populações aqui estudadas, e possivelmente com populações de rios onde não há barragens, podendo auxiliar futuras ações de conservação nos rios do Triângulo Mineiro. In Brazil, several hydropower plants were bilt over time in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaiba mesoregion, isolating parts of the rivers. With the construction of reservoirs fish have suffered major impacts, changing the life cycle of those species that are related to hydrological cycles, changing the connectivity between the river and breeding areas. The species Cichlasoma paranaense (family Cichlidae), was chosen because it occurs in different regions of Triângulo Mineiro, and cytogenetic markers used were Ag-NORs, DAPI, Chromomycin and C banding and a molecular was the partial sequencing of the mitochondrial COI. Therefore, the objective was to assess whether the implementation time of the dams on the Rivers Araguari, Tijuco, Paranaiba and Grande was enough to affect the genetic variability of the populations of this species. The basin of the Paranaiba River has a total of sixteen hydroelectric plants installed along its main watercourses. Cytogenetic data on the number and chromosome morphology (2n) of the population confirm the karyotype conservatism of Neotropical cichlids, featuring mostly chromosomes with 2n = 48 subtelo-acrocentrics simple Ag-NORs. Variations in karyotype formula (KF) and markings C banding, and variations in the haplotype network were observed and may be a consequence of population isolation imposed by dam construction over the years in these rivers. The genetic similarity between populations of Rio Grande and Paranaiba, geographically distant, lead us to suggest that other regions of the mtDNA and nuclear DNA must be sequenced and new markers should be employed, such as microsatellites, which will enable to identify more precisely the genetic relationships among populations studied here, and possibly with populations of rivers where there are no dams, and may help future conservation actions in the rivers of Triângulo Mineiro. Dissertação (Mestrado)
- Published
- 2016
20. Estudo da dinâmica de replicação cromossômica em Astyanax aff. scabripinnis (Teleostei: Characidae), com ênfase na natureza dos cromossomos B
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Schemczssen, Zelinda, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Moreira Filho, Orlando, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Matielo, Mara Cristina de Almeida de, and Hass, Íris
- Subjects
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS [CNPQ] ,Supernumerary chromosome ,FISH ,chromosomal replication ,bandamento cromossômico ,Cromossomo supranumerário ,replicação cromossômica ,chromosomal banding - Abstract
Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2019-11-08T19:21:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Zelinda Schemczssen.pdf: 3499040 bytes, checksum: ddbf5c376e6c760b3b2ae8539638031f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-08T19:21:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Zelinda Schemczssen.pdf: 3499040 bytes, checksum: ddbf5c376e6c760b3b2ae8539638031f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Cromossomos B são componentes genômicos encontrados em vários grupos taxonômicos de plantas e animais. Até agora nenhuma evidência de efeitos fenotípicos detectáveis foi encontrado em indivíduos portadores de cromossomo B em Astyanax scabripinnis. Para conhecer a localização, variabilidade e natureza da cromatina do cromossomo B e elucidar possíveis regiões transcricionais, é necessário, a priori, obter padrões de bandas cromossômicas resolutivas. Através desta obtenção de bandas de replicação (bandas RBG) é possível saber em quais regiões o cromossomo B replica no início da fase S, onde nestes locais a cromatina pode ser matéria prima do genoma usado para transcrição. Neste estudo foram utilizados 35 exemplares de Astyanax aff. scabripinnis provenientes de rios da região de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, em população previamente identificadas pela presença de cromossomos B. As amostragens foram realizadas em um ponto do Córrego da Fazenda Lavrinha, bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul. A população do de A. scabripinnis apresentou indivíduos com 2n=50 e 2n=51, estes portadores de um cromossomo B metacêntrico. Foi possível identificar regiões claras e escuras no cromossomo B, no início da replicação cromossômica, confirmando que a replicação não acontece de forma homogênea, elucidando que o cromossomo B de A. scabripinnis possui uma compartimentalização cromossômica, alusiva aos isocores observados em outros metazoários, que estão envolvidos na compartimentalização do genoma e estão relacionados ao suporte da regulação transcricional. Através da incorporação do análogo de base BrdU, in vivo, foi possível encontrar regiões do cromossomo B que replicam no início da fase S, diferencialmente caracterizadas em relação as regiões de replicação tardia. Nesta perspectiva é possível mostrar que o cromossomo B desta espécie possui território e cromatina disponíveis para transcrever, especialmente nas bandas claras de replicação inicial, sendo estas: p1.1; p1.3; p2.2 e q1.1; q1.3; q2.1; q2.3. As regiões de replicação tardia são correspondentes a blocos de heterocromatina constitutiva e localização preferencial de sequências repetitivas As51. Com o emprego do fluorocromo cromomicina CMA3 foi possível evidenciar regiões ricas em CG em diferente contraste das regiões ricas em AT, evidenciando que as regiões CG coincidem com regiões de replicação inicial, confirmando os dados obtidos para bandas de replicação e banca C. Comprovando e delimitando que o cromossomo B possui cromatina para transcrição é necessário que este estudo de continuidade para que, se possam identificar quais informações são transcritas, e o efeito fenotípico que estes possíveis genes localizados nestas regiões de replicação inicial, trazem ao indivíduo portador do cromossomo B. The B chromosomes are genomic components found in several taxonomic groups of plants and animals. So far no evidence of detectable phenotypic effects was found in specimens carrier chromosome B. In order to know the location, variability and nature of the chromatin of the B chromosome, and try to elucidate transcript regions, it is necessary, a priori, to obtain chromosomal bands patterns. After the determination of these replication bands (RBG bands), it is possible to know where the B chromosome begins to replicate, in the early S phase. These replication bands may have a local chromatin used as genome raw material for transcription. In this study 35 specimens of Astyanax aff. scabripinnis were analyzed and captured from rivers of Campos do Jordão regions, São Paulo, in populations previously identified by the presence of B chromosomes. The sample were made at one point of the Fazenda Lavrinha stream, Paraíba do Sul river basin. The specimens of the A. scabripinnis population presented a diploid number of 2n=50 and 2n=51, with a supernumerary metacentric B chromosome. It was possible to identify light and dark regions on B chromosome, at the chromosomal replication beginning, which confirm that replication does not happen in a homogeneous way. Thus, the B chromosome of A. scabripinnis has a chromosomal compartmentalization, similar to the isocores observed in other metazoan, which are involved in the genome compartmentalization and in the transcription regulation. By incorporating the analogue base BrdU in vivo, it was possible to find regions of B chromosome that replicate in the early S phase, different to the regions of late replication. In this perspective, the B chromosome of this species has available territory and chromatin to transcribe, especially in the initial replication of light bands, which are: p1.1; p1.3; p2.2 e q1.1; q1.3; q2.1; q2.3. The late replication regions match to constitutive heterochromatin blocks and to the As51 repetitive sequences location. GC-rich regions in a different contrast were evidenced with fluorochrome chromomycin CMA3, overlapping early replication regions, and confirming the replication bands and C-banding results. Proving and defining that the B chromosome has chromatin for transcription, thus it is necessary to continue this study to identify which informations are transcribed, and what possible phenotypic effects these potential genes located in the early replication regions may bring to the B chromosome keeper.
- Published
- 2016
21. MECANISMOS ENVOLVIDOS NA ORIGEM DOS CROMOSSOMOS SEXUAIS GIGANTES NO GENERO OMOPHOITA (COLEOPTERA, CHRYSOMELIDAE)
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Mello, Lucas Rosolen de Almeida, Almeida, Maria Cristina de, Santos, Mateus Henrique, Schneider, Marielle Cristina, and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS [CNPQ] ,Elementos transponíveis ,SSRs ,Molecular cytogenetics ,FISH ,Evolução ,Evolution ,C0t-1 ,Citogenética molecular ,Transposable elements - Abstract
Submitted by Angela Maria de Oliveira (amolivei@uepg.br) on 2017-10-19T19:03:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Lucas Rosolen de Almeida Mello.pdf: 2555328 bytes, checksum: 3d7ce3cf485cd835d38b843b7b692900 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-19T19:03:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 811 bytes, checksum: e39d27027a6cc9cb039ad269a5db8e34 (MD5) Lucas Rosolen de Almeida Mello.pdf: 2555328 bytes, checksum: 3d7ce3cf485cd835d38b843b7b692900 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 A ordem Coleoptera é a mais diversificada entre todos os seres vivos, existindo ampla possibilidades de estudos no que diz respeito à diversidade cariotípica e aos mecanismos de diferenciação. As espécies da subtribo Oedionychina (Alticinae; Chrysomelidae) são interessantes para estudos evolutivos, pois possuem cromossomos sexuais gigantes e assinápticos durante a meiose, podendo ser considerados altamente derivados. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi propor os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos no processo de diferenciação e evolução dos cromossomos sexuais em espécies do gênero Omophoita. A análise de mapeamento, utilizando sondas de DNA C0t-1 total (cinética de reassociação de DNA altamente e moderadamente repetitivo) mostrou marcações distribuídas em todos os cromossomos, especialmente nos cromossomos sexuais. A hibridação cruzada entre as espécies produziu um padrão de localização muito semelhante, evidenciando que a maior parte do genoma é compartilhada entre as espécies de Omophoita. Análise em conjunto dos resultados obtidos com bandas C, fluorocromos e C0t-1 mostram que a heterocromatina das espécies em grande parte é composta de DNA repetitivo distribuída ao longo dos cromossomos sexuais e autossomos. O mapeamento cromossômico com sondas de microssatélites (SSRs) mostrou marcações conservadas para os autossomos e diversificadas para os cromossomos sexuais, evidenciando uma diferença de composição de SSRs dos cromossomos sexuais entre as espécies. Os resultados de hibridação com clones de elementos de transposição mostraram alguns padrões semelhantes aos obtidos com SSRs, podendo indicar que ao longo do processo evolutivo das espécies esses elementos estiveram presentes no processo de diferenciação. Considerando todos os resultados, pode se propor uma diferença de constituição nos cromossomos sexuais das espécies e, desta forma, inferir que os DNAs repetitivos tiveram um papel evolutivo na diferenciação desses cromossomos na subtribo. The order Coleoptera is the most diverse of all living beings, with a wide possibilities of studies with regards to the karyotype diversity and the mechanisms of differentiation. The species of the subtribe Oedionychina (Alticinae; Chrysomelidae) are interesting for evolutionary studies due to the giant sex chromosomes and asynaptic during meiosis, can be considered highly derivate. The objective of this study was to propose the molecular mechanisms involved in the differentiation process and evolution of sex chromosomes in the Omophoita genus. The Mapping analysis using DNA C0t-1 total (reassociation kinetics highly and moderately repetitive DNA) showed marks distributed in all chromosomes, especially in the sex chromosomes. The cross-hybridization among species produced a very similar location pattern, indicating that most of the genome is shared among species Omophoita. Analysis of the results obtained in conjunct with C-bands, fluorochromes and C0t-1 together show that the heterochromatin of the species is largely composed of repetitive DNA distributed throughout the autosomes and sex chromosomes. Chromosome mapping with microsatellite (SSRs) probes showed conserved patterns for autosomes, but diversified to sex chromosomes, showing difference in SSRs composition in the sex chromosomes, of the species. The results of hybridization with transposition element clones showed some similarities patterns to the SSRs markers, which may indicate that throughout the evolutive process of species these elements were present. Considering all results we can propose differences in the constitution of sex chromosomes of the species studied, thus, we can infer an evolutionary role of repetitive DNA in the differentiation of chromosomes in the subtribe.
- Published
- 2015
22. Biologia reprodutiva e presença de cromossomo B em Astyanax scabripinnis (Teleostei: Characidae)
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Cornelio, Diana, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Moreira Filho, Orlando, Almeida, Mara Cristina de, and Sczepanski, Thais Saad
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RHS ,RGS ,FISH ,citogenética ,GSR ,HSR ,sex ratio ,proporção sexual ,cytogenetics ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR [CNPQ] - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T19:59:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diana Cornelio.pdf: 3420425 bytes, checksum: ff1f9eef75ccbe98d2e754cd2215c5c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-08 Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo Astyanax scabripinnis is a species found in the neotropics, this species forms demes isolated populations in headwater streams. It is taxonomically unresolved, but is presented as an interesting model to study the presence of chromosomal B. The occurrence of these chromosomes in A. scabripinnis may be associated with various environmental factors and population, although little savvy about maintaining parasitic or possible heterotic effects of these chromosomes. The reproductive biology related to the presence of B chromosomes in A. scabripinnis never been addressed. Thus, the object of this study was to investigate whether aspects of the reproductive process, fundamental to the adaptive value may be related to the presence of B chromosomes in A. scabripinnis. Samples were collected quarterly between the years 2012 and 2013 in Campos do Jordao, Sao Paulo, Brazil (22 ° 40 '49.5 "S, 45 ° 23` 31.9 "W) at Stream Farm Lavrinha basin of the Paraíba do Sul. The gonads were classified macroscopically and microscopically second stages of development. Settled seasonally sex ratio of the population in the different samples. We calculated the gonadosomatic ratio (GSR) and the relationship hepatossomática (RHS) separately for females with and without chromosome B. The presence of B chromosomes was confirmed by classical cytogenetic and molecular with the use of chromosome specific probe B constructed by chromosome microdissection and amplification Degenerated Oligonucleotids Primers (DOP-PCR) and subsequent in situ hybridization (FISH). Geometric morphometric analysis were performed separately for males and females with and without the presence of chromosomes B. The results indicate that the sex ratio varied seasonally having an increased number of males compared to females. Hermaphrodite individuals were found at a frequency of 7.7%. The reproductive period is characterized by an atypical reproductive peak during the winter period, beyond the period observed pattern from the spring in September. The presence of B chromosomes has been linked to possible reproductive strategies in different populations studied, especially in relation to energy intake and stages of gonadal development. There morphometric differences both between individuals female and male subjects with and without chromosome B. Astyanax scabripinnis é uma espécie encontrada na Região Neotropical, essa espécie forma demes populacionais isolados em cabeceiras de riachos. Ela é taxonomicamente mal resolvida, mas se apresenta como interessante modelo para o estudo da presença de cromossomos B. A ocorrência desses cromossomos em A. scabripinnis pode estar associada a diversos fatores ambientais e populacionais, embora seja pouco esclarecido sobre a manutenção parasítica ou possíveis efeitos heteróticos desses cromossomos. A biologia reprodutiva relacionada à presença de cromossomo B em A. scabripinnis nunca foi abordada. Assim, foi objeto deste trabalho investigar se aspectos do processo reprodutivo, fundamental para o valor adaptativo, podem estar relacionados à presença de cromossomos B em A. scabripinnis. As coletas foram realizadas trimestralmente entre os anos de 2012 e 2013 na região de Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, Brasil (22°40`49,5”S, 45°23`31,9” W), no Córrego da Fazenda Lavrinha, bacia do rio Paraíba do Sul. As gônadas foram classificadas macro e microscopicamente segundo estádios de desenvolvimento. Estabeleceu-se sazonalmente a proporção sexual da população nas diferentes amostragens. Foi calculada a relação gonadossomática (RGS) e a relação hepatossomática (RHS) separadamente para fêmeas com e sem cromossomo B. A presença de cromossomos B foi confirmada por meio da citogenética clássica e molecular com o emprego de sonda específica do cromossomo B construída por microdissecção cromossômica e amplificação por Degenerated Oligonucleotids Primers (DOP-PCR) e posterior hibridação fluorescente in situ (FISH). Análises de morfometria geométrica foram realizadas separadamente para fêmeas e machos com e sem a presença de cromossomos B. Os resultados indicam que a proporção sexual variou sazonalmente havendo um aumento do número dos machos em relação às fêmeas. Foram encontrados indivíduos hermafroditas na frequência de 7,7%. O período reprodutivo é caracterizado por um pico de reprodução atípico no período do inverno, além do período padrão observado a partir da primavera no mês de setembro. A presença de cromossomos B foi relacionada a possíveis estratégias reprodutivas distintas na população estudada, especialmente em relação ao aporte energético e estádios de desenvolvimento gonadal. Há diferenças morfométrica tanto entre indivíduos fêmeas e machos como entre indivíduos com e sem cromossomo B.
- Published
- 2013
23. ELEMENTOS GENÔMICOS REPETITIVOS NO COMPLEXO Astyanax scabripinnis (TELEOSTEI, CHARACIDAE)
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Barbosa, Patrícia, Artoni, Roberto Ferreira, Moreira Filho, Orlando, Almeida, Mara Cristina de, and Sczepanski, Thais Saad
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DNA satélite ,FISH ,DNAr ,retrotransposon ,rDNA ,satellite DNA ,chromosome B ,cromossomo B ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR [CNPQ] - Abstract
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:00:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia Barbosa.pdf: 1571215 bytes, checksum: daac7b661ca93cbfd05ca0e7cda85213 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-08 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior The most part of the eukaryote genomes is constituted for repetitive DNA or multiple copies DNA, which has already been considered as “junk”, may be associated to the heterochromatin. In this study three Astyanax scabripinnis populations from Pindamonhangaba and Guaratinguetá (SP, Brazil) rivers and stream and one population from Maringá (PR, Brazil) were analyzed about the nucleolar organizing region (NORs), As51 satellite DNA, 18S and 5S rDNA location. Moreover, repetitive sequences were isolated and mapped through Cot-1 technique, which showed homology with UnaL2, a LINE type retrotransposon. The fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), with the isolated built retrotransposon probe, evidenced disperse labeled and stronger in centromeric and telomeric chromosomes regions, co-located and interspersed with the 18S DNAr and As51, proven by the fiber-FISH technique. The B chromosome of those populations showed very conspicuous labeled with the LINE probe, also co-located with the As51 sequences. The NORs were actives in a single site of a homologue pair in all three populations, with no evidence that the transposable elements and repetitive DNA have influence in its regulation at the performed analyzes level. A maior parte do genoma dos eucariotos é constituída por DNA repetitivo ou DNA de múltiplas cópias, o qual já foi considerado “lixo”, podendo estar associado à heterocromatina. Neste estudo foram analisadas três populações de Astyanax scabripinnis provenientes de rios e córregos de Pindamonhangaba e Guaratinguetá (SP, Brasil) e uma população da cidade de Maringá (PR, Brasil) quanto a localização das regiões organizadoras de nucléolo (RONs), DNA satélite As51, DNA ribossomal (DNAr) 18S e DNAr 5S. Ainda, foram isoladas e mapeadas sequências repetitivas por meio da técnica de Cot-1, que mostrou homologia com UnaL2, retrotransposon do tipo LINE. A hibridação in situ fluorescente (FISH), com sonda construída para o retrotransposon isolado, evidenciou marcações dispersas e mais concentradas em regiões centroméricas e teloméricas dos cromossomos, co-localizadas e interespaçadas com DNAr 18S e As51, comprovada pela técnica de fiber-FISH. O cromossomo B das populações mostrou marcações bastante conspícuas com a sonda LINE, também co-localizada com sequências As51. As RONs apresentaram-se ativas em sítios únicos de um par homólogo nas três populações, não havendo indícios de que elementos transponíveis e DNA repetitivo tenham influência na sua regulação ao nível das análises realizadas.
- Published
- 2013
24. Estudos citogenéticos de quatro populações de Rhamdia quelen da região do Triângulo Mineiro
- Author
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Silva, Sabrina Vaz dos Santos e, Morelli, Sandra, Maistro, Edson Luis, and Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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Peixes ,Cromossomos ,CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA [CNPQ] ,Rhamdia ,Fish ,Citogenética ,Genética animal ,Cytogenetic ,Chromosome ,Peixe - Genética - Abstract
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Cytogenetic studies were performed in three populations of Rhamdia quelen in Uberlândia-MG and one in Prata-MG. The results obtained evidenced a diploid number 2n=58 with 0-2 supranumerary chromosomes. The Nucleolus Organizer Regions were identified by silver nitrate and the NOR evidenced a simple heteromorphic NOR system. The three populations showed Ag-NOR in the short arm of the subtelo/acrocentric chromosome pair, in the Tijuco s population the NOR is located on the intersticial region of the submetacentric pair. The preparations were stained with the specific G-C fluorochrome CMA3, some of the chromosomes exhibited a pale fluorescence, indicating other regions richness in G-C base pairs beyond the NORs. The C band pattern showed small heterochromatic blocks in the centromeric and telomeric regions. In the attempt of a complete characterization, Restriction Endonuclease Banding, Hoechst 33258 and Cd-banding were applied. This study confirms some results of literature and show new important results for the better understanding this specie. Foram realizados estudos citogenéticos em quatro populações de Rhamdia quelen da região de Uberlândia-MG. Todas as populações apresentaram 2n= 58 cromossomos, com a ocorrência de 0-2 cromossomos supranumerários. Nos animais analisados, observou-se NOR simples e heteromórfica. As Ag-NORs de três populações marcaram a região do braço curto de um par de cromossomos subtelocêntrico/acrocêntrico, enquanto que a população do rio Tijuco apresentou NOR intersticial em um par submetacêntrico. O tratamento com cromomicina A3 evidenciou a presença de algumas regiões com afinidade ao fluorocromo CG específico, indicando a presença de outras regiões de blocos heterocromáticos ricos em GC além dos associados às NOR. Pequenos blocos heterocromáticos nos centrômeros e telômeros foram visualizados através da técnica de banda C. Na tentativa de uma caracterização mais completa das populações foram utilizadas as técnicas de Enzima de Restrição, Hoechst 33258 e bandeamento Cd. Este trabalho confirma alguns dados da literatura e trás novas informações enriquecedoras para o conhecimento de diferentes populações desta espécie. Mestre em Genética e Bioquímica
- Published
- 2007
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