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The objective of this study was to determine the relationship among dry matter content (DMC) and maturity indexes at harvest and quality of ‘Gala’ apples after storage. Apple fruit of four ‘Gala’ strains produced on two rootstocks and three growing regions were used for experiments 1 and 2. For all experiments, fruit harvest maturity was assessed one day after harvest and stored fruit was assessed after removal from storage plus seven days at 22 °C. For experiment 1, fruit were harvested weekly along the final stages of growth and maturation on the tree. For experiment 2, fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and stored under a controlled atmosphere at 0.7 oC for 195 days. For experiment 3, fruit from two orchards were harvested at commercial maturity and stored in air at 1oC for 50, 110, or 194 days. DMC did not change during the final stages of fruit growth, however, there were significant changes in fruit firmness, starch index, and soluble solids content (SSC) during the same period. At the commercial harvest, fruit DMC showed high correlation with SSC, titratable acidity (TA) and firmness. DMC assessed at the commercial harvest also showed high correlation after storage with SSC and TA but not with firmness or flesh browning (FB). DMC decreased slightly during storage. The results show that DMC is not a reliable index to determine ‘Gala’ apple maturity at harvest, or to predict fruit firmness and FB after storage. However, DMC at harvest has potential to predict SSC and TA after storage, two important fruit quality traits. Fruit density at harvest showed utility to predict risk of flesh browning after storage. Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a relação entre conteúdo de matéria seca (CMS) e índices de maturação na colheita e a qualidade de maçãs ‘Gala’ após a armazenagem. Maçã de quatro clones de ‘Gala’ produzidas em dois porta-enxertos e três regiões de cultivo foram usadas para os experimentos 1 e 2. Para todos os experimentos, a maturação dos frutos foi avaliada um dia após a colheita e os frutos armazenados foram avaliados após a retirada da câmara de armazenagem mais sete dias em 22°C. Para o experimento 2, os frutos foram colhidos no ponto de colheita comercial e armazenados sob atmosfera controlada a 0,7 oC por 195 dias. Para o experimento 3, frutos de dois pomares foram colhidos na maturação comercial e armazenados em atmosfera do ar a 1oC por 50, 110 ou 194 dias. O CMS não se alterou durante o estágio final de crescimento do fruto, embora tenha havido mudanças significativas na firmeza do fruto, índice de amido e teor de sólidos solúveis (SS) durante o mesmo período. Na colheita comercial, o CMS do fruto apresentou correlação com o SS, AT e firmeza da polpa. O CMS avaliado na colheita comercial também se correlacionou com o SS e AT após a armazenagem, mas não com a firmeza da polpa e o escurecimento da polpa (EP) após a armazenagem. O CMS reduziu ligeiramente durante o período de armazenagem. Os resultados mostram que o CMS não é uma medida confiável para monitorar a maturação das maçãs ‘Gala’ na planta nem para prever a firmeza da polpa e EP após armazenagem. No entanto, o CMS na colheita tem potencial para predizer o teor de SS e AT após a armazenagem, duas importantes características de qualidade dos frutos. A densidade dos frutos na colheita mostrou utilidade para predizer o risco de EP após o armazenamento.

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the relationship between dry matter content (DMC) and maturity index of ‘Fuji’ apple fruit sports (‘Mishima’, ‘Fuji Select’ and ‘Fuji Suprema’) during the final stage of fruit growth, and the relationship between DMC at harvest and the post-harvest fruit quality. Fruit were harvested from orchards of three regions (Caçador, São Joaquim and Vacaria), on two rootstocks (M9 and Marubakaido with M9 interstock). In experiment 1 (2014), fruit were periodically sampled beginning 83 days before the commercial harvest period. In experiment 2, fruit were harvested at optimum maturity for long-term storage and stored in air at 0.5 ºC (2014) or after optimum maturity for long-term storage and stored in controlled atmosphere at 0.7 ºC (2014 and 2015). Apple fruit maturity on the tree was characterized by decreased flesh firmness and increased starch index and soluble solids content (SS) and by a small change in DMC. DMC at harvest was correlated with flesh firmness and SS in one of two years, but DMC was not correlated with the incidence of disorders after storage. The results show that DMC at harvest is not suitable as a maturity index of ‘Fuji’ apples, and its use as a post-harvest quality predictor is not consistent between crop years. Resumo Dois experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar as relações entre o conteúdo de matéria seca (CMS) e os índices de maturação de maçãs clones de ‘Fuji’ (‘Mishima’, ‘Fuji Select’ e ‘Fuji Suprema’) durante a fase final de crescimento dos frutos e as relações entre o CMS na colheita e a qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos. Os frutos foram colhidos em plantas enxertadas sobre M9 ou Marubakaido com filtro M9, em Caçador, São Joaquim e Vacaria. No experimento 1 (2014), a maturação dos frutos foi monitorada periodicamente durante 83 dias antes da data de colheita comercial, em 2014. No experimento 2, os frutos foram colhidos em estádio de maturação ideal para longos períodos de armazenagem e armazenados sob atmosfera do ar a 0,5 ºC (2014) ou em estádio de maturação avançado e armazenados sob atmosfera controlada a 0,7 ºC (2014 e 2015). A maturação dos frutos foi caracterizada pela redução da firmeza da polpa e aumento do índice de amido e sólidos solúveis (SS), mas as mudanças no CMS foram mínimas nesse período. O CMS na colheita correlacionou-se com a firmeza de polpa e com o teor SS em somente um dos dois anos estudados e não foi associado com a incidência de desordens. Os resultados evidenciam que o CMS não é um bom indicador do estádio de maturação de maçãs ‘Fuji’, e seu emprego como indicador da qualidade pós-colheita não é consistente entre anos de produção, tornando seu uso limitado.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito do 1-MCP sobre o amadurecimento e a qualidade pós-colheita de quivi 'Hayward' armazenado sob diferentes atmosferas. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, com frutos colhidos em pomar comercial localizado em Fraiburgo-SC. No experimento 1, os frutos foram tratados com três doses de 1-MCP (0,0; 0,5 ou 1,0 µL L-1) e armazenados sob atmosfera controlada (AC, contendo 2,0kPa de O2 + 4,5kPa de CO2, a 0ºC ± 0,5ºC, 92 ± 3% UR, e com

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship among dry matter content (DMC) and maturity indexes at harvest and quality of Gala apples after storage. Apple fruit of four ?Gala? strains produced on two rootstocks and three growing regions were used for experiments 1 and 2. For all experiments, fruit harvest maturity was assessed one day after harvest and stored fruit was assessed after removal from storage plus seven days at 22 °C. For experiment 1, fruit were harvested weekly along the final stages of growth and maturation on the tree. For experiment 2, fruit were harvested at commercial maturity and stored under a controlled atmosphere at 0.7 oC for 195 days. For experiment 3, fruit from two orchards were harvested at commercial maturity and stored in air at 1oC for 50, 110, or 194 days. DMC did not change during the final stages of fruit growth, however, there were significant changes in fruit firmness, starch index, and soluble solids content (SSC) during the same period. At the commercial harvest, fruit DMC showed high correlation with SSC, titratable acidity (TA) and firmness. DMC assessed at the commercial harvest also showed high correlation after storage with SSC and TA but not with firmness or flesh browning (FB). DMC decreased slightly during storage. The results show that DMC is not a reliable index to determine Gala apple maturity at harvest, or to predict fruit firmness and FB after storage. However, DMC at harvest has potential to predict SSC and TA after storage, two important fruit quality traits. Fruit density at harvest showed utility to predict risk of flesh browning after storage. Made available in DSpace on 2022-08-19T17:19:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Relationship-among-dry-matter-content-and-maturity-indexes-2022.pdf: 1648133 bytes, checksum: dfb69ceee487067db59c60e2e7934b13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022