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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm growth and the moderating role of business environment for Russian and Finnish small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). For hypothesis testing, structural equation modeling is applied to the data set of 104 Russian and 117 Finnish privately owned SMEs. Results show that while in the Finnish market context EO dimensions are directly associated with firm growth, in the emerging Russian market the relationship is moderated by the dynamic and hostile environment. The results also provide evidence of the nature of EO for SMEs operating in Russia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempt to appropriately measure student perception about the performance their lecturers/teacher in higher education by means of entrepreneurship orientation construct. In this study, efforts are made to evaluate the students perception with three factors of entrepreneurship orientation construct i.e. innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking. Using the data collected from Finland and Pakistan on the questionnaire developed on the basis of the previous entrepreneurship orientation construct. We find evidence that students' perception can be explained with use of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking attributes of the lecturer/ teacher in Finland and Pakistan. Leadership in higher education can leverage their role by including lecturers/teachers. Inferences are made of the finding along with the recommended prospect studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose |!|#8211; The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in global economic crisis and whether it can mitigate the negative effects of economic crisis both on firm|!|#39;s operations and on firm|!|#39;s financial performance. Design/methodology/approach |!|#8211; A quantitative approach is used to test the hypotheses. Principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis are used on the empirical survey data. Findings |!|#8211; Results based on a sample of almost 200 Finnish small and medium-sized enterprises indicated that the different dimensions of the EO can have diverging effects on how firms are impacted by the recession. In general, the more innovative and proactive the firm is, the less its operations are affected by the recession and the more risk-taking the firm is, the more its profitability is affected by recession. Research limitations/implications |!|#8211; A longitudinal design |!|#8211; rather than the current cross-sectional design |!|#8211; would give a better premiss to explore the causal relationships among the research variables. Originality/value |!|#8211; The paper is one of the first works linking EO with the effects of recession at the firm|!|#39;s operational level and the paper expands prior knowledge by taking the EO-performance relationship into the context of recession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]