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The axial compression experiment of Lenticular CFRP Tube Space Boom having four-ply layup is performed, and the external buckling load and the stability are obtained. Linear buckling load is obtained by using the finite element method, taking the linear buckling mode as initial geometrical defect of the tube, the non-linear analysis under is made axial compression and the non-linear buckling load is found subsequently, then the results are compared with testing results. The outcome shows that initial defects limitations affect buckling load of CFRP tube greatly, adding proper defects to CFRP tube can make the finite element model simulate geometrical imperfection of CFRP tube well and expect buckling load of actual tube better. The material characteristics such as thickness, number of layers and layout angle are investigated and the buckling load is obtained for each case subsequently, influence and sensitivity of parameters were compared. In this paper, the numerical procedure and experimental results are valuable to the optimization design of Lenticular CFRP thin-walled Tube Space Boom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]