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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contabilidad y Dirección is the property of ACCID and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The changes brought about by globalization mean that young people are increasingly prepared not only intellectually, but also financially. From the point of view of financial education, its importance for the development of the quality of life of young people in higher education is described. The main objective of the research is to describe the results of researches that were conducted on financial education in young people of higher education taking into consideration researches published between the period of 2017-2022. The research corresponds to a documentary design. Scielo, Scopus, Dialnet, Redalyc, Alicia and Google Scholar were searched. Some research has related the type of university career, the level of indebtedness, technological gap or use of ICT, materialism and gender inequality. The study leads to the conclusion that the development of financial education is fundamental in the training of higher education students because it will allow them to have knowledge that can be related between theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perpectivas is the property of Revista Perspectivas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista El Directivo al Día is the property of Centro de Informacion y Gestion Tecnologica (CIGET) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Procesos de Mercado is the property of Procesos de Mercado. Revista Europea de Economia Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La importancia del crecimiento económico que tiene un país está ligada al conocimiento sobre educación financiera que tiene la población. Algunas dificultades que tiene la población de jóvenes ecuatorianos son: endeudamiento, falta de liquidez mensual y desconocimiento de conceptos básicos. El objetivo del estudio fue diagnosticar el nivel de conocimiento sobre cultura financiera de una muestra de 349 jóvenes de entre 18 a 30 años de edad que están cursando estudios universitarios en carreras financieras. Se describieron tres características: planificación y manejo de las finanzas, comportamiento y actitudes financieras y conocimiento financiero, para evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de la cultura financiera de los estudiantes encuestados. La mayoría de los jóvenes de la muestra denotan una vulnerabilidad financiera para llegar a fin de mes con relación a sus gastos mensuales. Los estudiantes prevén un mes para sobrevivir sin una fuente de ingreso mensual en caso de quedarse sin empleo. El 93,39% tiene interés en realizar capacitaciones para mejorar su conocimiento de educación financiera. Por tal motivo, se deben establecer capacitaciones sobre toma de decisiones financieras, informadas como un pilar fundamental de la inclusión económica para fortalecer la administración de recursos, desarrollar habilidades para realizar inversiones que satisfagan sus necesidades básicas mensuales.

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article deals with the period of urban reforms in Rio de Janeiro, focusing on the finances of the Federal District - an unusual object at the center of this theme, so widely debated by historiography. The central problem proposed seeks to measure and indicate the limits and challenges imposed by municipal finances on the reforming drive of district governments at the dawn of the 20th century. The study's methodology is based on confronting sources that systematically express quantitative information with others that describe and discuss the constitutive processes that outlined municipal finances in the period. In a critical-descriptive appraisal, we analyze the financial resources in their flow into the municipal coffers; we scrutinize the collection, spending and investments; we point out the sources, forms and costs of financing obtained by the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The text looks for indications of the existence and degree of dependence, not only political, but especially financial, of the capital's government on the federal government. The analytical exercise of statistical tables and yearbooks, legislation and official reports - both municipal and federal - was complexified in the critical perspectives offered by texts and cartoons in periodicals, studies, memoirs and non-governmental reports, thus offering a contribution from Economic History to this subject of such long-standing interest to historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context. The implementation of blockchain technology has generated significant interest in addressing environmental and social challenges, as well as improving efficiency in sectors related to sustainability and finance. Problem. The urgent need for innovative and sustainable solutions to current societal challenges. Purpose. To provide a comprehensive understanding of how blockchain technology is being implemented and to generate new knowledge to drive sustainable innovation in blockchain technology application. Methodology. Scientific knowledge management through bibliometrics for blockchain technology application in promoting sustainability and finance across different sectors. Findings. Theoretical Contribution. Theoretical Contribution (Scientia): Growing interest and development due to the significant increase in scientific production with the maximum number of documents in 2023. India leads scientific production. The diversity of themes and approaches in research reveals the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Continuous concern for data privacy and the importance of developing robust solutions. Practical contribution (Praxis), There is a transformative potential in resource management, financial transactions, and business and governmental operations, ensuring transparency and efficiency, indicating a positive impact. Continuous advancement in creating new technologies in supply chain management, financial services, Internet of Things, public administration, and environmental sustainability, suggesting significant development. It is crucial to develop solid and reliable solutions in the use of blockchain in various contexts. Originality from the transdisciplinary and sustainable innovation point of view. The research highlights its originality in combining blockchain technology with current challenges in sustainability and finance, generating innovative solutions in sustainable practices and financial improvements across different areas. Conclusions and limitations. It emphasizes the importance of digital transformation and process optimization in various sectors. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach is highlighted given international collaboration. The transformative potential of blockchain in resource management, financial transactions, transparency, and efficiency in business and governmental operations is recognized, which has a positive impact on the contextual environment. Practical applications of blockchain in improving traceability, transparency, and efficiency in different areas are highlighted. There is a need for future research on blockchain technology for sustainable innovation, integrating other areas, other sources beyond SCOPUS, other languages, and follow-up or longitudinal studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China has become a more important actor in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), scholars in this region have shown an increasing interest in studying the resulting challenges this poses. Most recent work has centered on economics (trade between China and LAC and finance from China), or on the consequences for environmental, social, and governance issues, although some scholars have focused on the impacts of US - China conflict in the region. In all cases, the question tends to be whether LAC countries are benefiting from the greater Chinese presence or whether problems outweigh the potential gains. We point out the leading research centers and scholars studying these questions and discuss the main debates around them. We conclude with a set of recommendations to improve the quality of research, including the need for better data and more collaboration with Chinese colleagues as well as the importance of transparency about the sources of finance and potential biases in work on this growing area of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies have shown that government accounting is currently appreciated as an important control system for state institutions, whose main objective is to maintain an efficient accounting system that allows obtaining truthful and timely information for decision making, which is why, the objective of this research is to determine the importance of government accounting as a fiscal instrument in the Pablo Sexto canton, which has a descriptive approach since it relates and analyzes the characteristics of a select group that has been chosen as a subject of study of this research, in this case, the application of a survey was carried out as an information collection technique executed by those responsible for the departments of Accounting, Budgets and Information and Communication Systems belonging to the cantons: Pablo Segundo, Logroño and Sucúa and Huamboya where each of them provided their perspective regarding topics such as: internal control, current regulations, accrual principle, budget and budget cycle and information and communication systems, where it was concluded that government accounting is a very useful tool that It allows these entities to provide correct financial management, however, there is a certain lack of knowledge regarding some topics, which is why it is suggested to carry out continuous training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the covid-19 pandemic, there was an acceleration in the use of digital financial services. This gave a glimpse of the associated risks and the important role played by financial supervisors and regulators (in its broad sense encompassing the financial and payment system) in the protection of the user. This paper analyzes the risk prevention measures adopted by the Uruguayan supervisor and examines the behavior of the digital financial user in the context of the covid-19 pandemic associated with the use of electronic instruments. For the research, the databases published by the Central Bank of Uruguay referring to the evolution of operations with electronic financial instruments and the complaints of financial users were considered. It is concluded that although the actions adopted by the financial supervisor to mitigate the risks associated with the use of digital financial instruments were effective, they must be continuously reviewed due to the dynamic and changing environment and must be adapted according to the new needs of the environment; addressing the situation from different angles, considering education and information on financial digitalization as a fundamental pillar for risk prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Panorama Económico (1870-2171) is the property of Economic Panorama Magazine / Revista Panorama Economico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runas. Journal of Education & Culture is the property of CICSHAL - Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades desde America Latina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runas. Journal of Education & Culture is the property of CICSHAL - Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades desde America Latina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research was to demonstrate whether Covid-19 influenced the finances of interprovincial transportation companies in a region of southern Peru. The qualitative methodology, phenomenological technique and the instrument applied was the structured and unstructured interview. Through the exchange of opinions, the following categories and subcategories were identified: financial commitment, liquidity problems and solutions. The managers of the companies and owners of the mobile units identified strategies such as saving the balances of the money collected; having other sources of income, acquiring a business dedicated to another line of business. Solutions regarding the company's liquidity, so that they can progressively cover their expenses without difficulty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre las finanzas personales y el estrés laboral, así como determinar los factores que influyen en dicha relación. Como método, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo y se realizaron análisis documentales de treinta artículos, tesis e informes sobre finanzas personales y estrés laboral del periodo 2018-2022. Los resultados de los estudios analizados sugieren que existe una conexión importante de las finanzas personales con el estrés laboral, la cual sería influenciada por factores como la educación financiera, la planificación financiera, la sobrecarga de trabajo, la falta de autonomía y el conflicto laboral. Por este motivo, se recomienda que las empresas implementen programas de educación financiera y promuevan un ambiente laboral saludable para reducir el estrés económico y mejorar la capacidad de manejo de los recursos económicos.

El objetivo del presente estudio se centró en identificar las fortalezas y debilidades financieras de las pymes del sector de servicios de Santa Cruz, Bolivia, que sirviera de base para la toma de decisiones y proponer estrategias y la elaboración de una planificación financiera efectiva. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de alcance descriptivo en la que se encuestó a gerentes financieros de 38 empresas con base en dos dimensiones: la presencia de planificación financiera y el análisis funcional del área financiera. Los hallazgos obtenidos mostraron que, para la primera dimensión, las empresas sí elaboran el flujo de efectivo de forma mensual y anual, pero no contaban con personal interno ni externo que elabore esos estados financieros de forma recurrente. En cuanto a la segunda dimensión, la fortaleza financiera se concreta en el análisis de las tendencias de los estados financieros. Respecto de la debilidad financiera se muestra que no analizan los costos en las ventas con los gastos y ventas realizadas.

La prestación de bienes y servicios públicos, es uno de los elementos esenciales dentro del desarrollo sostenible de un país o de una región. La concesión es la acción que otorga un gobierno a empresas privadas para administrar un bien público y convirtiéndose en un mecanismo de colaboración entre el sector público y privado conveniente para ambos, y donde este último encuentra la posibilidad de negocio tanto en la explotación como en la construcción de infraestructuras. La calidad de la información contable, la cual debe cumplir sus requisitos teóricos- de la cual dependerá que el gobierno pueda tomar decisiones acertadas y estar preparado para realizar futuros acuerdos económicos. El objetivo de la presente investigación se centra en el estudio teórico respecto a las concesiones del Estado dada la diversidad de enfoques ofrecidos por la teoría y práctica contemporánea siendo todo un reto para la ciencias contables y financieras.

Copyright of NovaRUA Revista Universitaria de Administracion is the property of NovaRUA Revista Universitaria de Administracion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Publicando is the property of RPPH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Voces de la Educacion is the property of Voces de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gestión Joven is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Contabilidad y Administracion de Empresas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The number of female MPs elected by direct vote in Bangladesh's Parliament is abysmally low due to the low level of female candidates in the parliamentary elections. This study addresses the underrepresentation of female candidates in the election following the supply- and demand-side model of Norris and Lovenduski. We focus on the continuing patriarchal social and political culture, dynastic politics, campaign funding, and violence as supply-side factors and political parties and nominations, quotas/reserved seats, and rule compliance as demand-side factors that affect the candidate nomination process in Bangladesh. The article is based on semi-structured interviews with female and male MPs of the Bangladesh Parliament and aspirant female politicians who hold different party positions. The study argues that the patriarchal nature of politics and culture controls the supply and demand-side factors of candidate selection and discriminates against female candidates to vie in the general constituencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Small-sized financial institutions stand out in serving SMEs due to their comparative advantages in the use of relationship-based credit. This study explores the impact of the relationship between a small financial institution and SMEs on credit access conditions. Methodology: The research employs the ordinary least square multiple regression method (OLS) on a dataset comprising 194 loan agreements from a small financial institution, which were contracted by 43 SMEs. The dataset includes financial information and records regarding the relationship strength with the creditor from 2015 to 2019. Results: The parameters of the OLS models that measured the association between the cost of credit, credit line available and average maturity with the bank relationship profile showed statistically significant results. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the duration of the banking relationship and the number of services contracted do not significantly affect the cost of credit. However, a noteworthy association is observed between credit concentration within the small-sized bank and higher costs for clients. Additionally, the length of the banking relationship directly influences the credit line available to SMEs. Interestingly, the impact of guarantees offered on credit conditions does not justify long credit transactions. Furthermore, an inverse relationship emerges between the credit rating of SMEs and the credit term. RESUMEN Introducción: las instituciones financieras de pequeño tamaño se destacan en el servicio a las PYME por sus ventajas comparativas en el uso del crédito basado en la relación. Este artículo investiga el impacto de la relación entre una pequeña institución financiera y las PYMES en las condiciones de acceso al crédito. Metodología: la investigación emplea el método de regresión lineal múltiple de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (OLS) en un conjunto de datos que comprende 194 contratos de préstamos de una pequeña institución financiera, contratados por 43 PYMES. El conjunto de datos incluye información financiera y registros de la fortaleza de la relación con el acreedor desde 2015 hasta 2019. Resultados: los parámetros de los modelos OLS que midieron la asociación entre el costo del crédito, la línea de crédito disponible y el plazo del crédito con el perfil de relación bancaria mostraron resultados estadísticamente significativos. Conclusión: los resultados sugieren que la duración de la relación bancaria y el número de servicios contratados no afectan significativamente el costo del crédito. Sin embargo, se observa una asociación destacable entre la concentración de crédito dentro del banco de pequeño tamaño y mayores costos para los clientes. Además, la duración de la relación bancaria influye directamente en la línea de crédito disponible para las PYMES. Así las cosas, el impacto de las garantías ofrecidas en las condiciones de crédito no justifica transacciones de crédito a largo plazo. Además, se evidencia una relación inversa entre la calificación crediticia de las PYMES y el plazo del crédito.

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las decisiones financieras que han tomado los negocios familiares en tiempos de pandemia; para ello se consideró una metodología con enfoque cuali-cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo transversal con diseño no experimental, se seleccionó una muestra de 84 encuestados que contaban con negocios dentro del cantón Quevedo; se aplicó la técnica de encuesta, el método de aplicación de la encuesta fue digital mediante un formulario de Google, las mismas que fueron tabuladas en el software PAJEK. Los resultados indican que los negocios sufrieron una disminución de los ingresos económicos en 53% ya que el 43% de los negocios experimentaron reducción en sus ventas entre 30% al 50% y un 49% de los negocios redujeron sus ventas entre 10% al 30%; tan solo el 36% de los negocios familiar tuvieron acceso a financiamiento bancario, un 9% lograron solventar la dificultad adquiriendo préstamos con proveedores; por último, los negocios implementaron tecnología con acceso a redes tal como la App de mensajería de WhatsApp con un 65% seguido de la red social Facebook con 38% también el uso de Delivery en 49%.

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de elaborar e implementar un plan de mejoras, dirigido a impulsar el desarrollo económico de los emprendedores ubicados en las proximidades del río Tabiazo, Esmeraldas – Ecuador, quienes han manifestado la necesidad de mejorar sus productos e ingresos. La investigación tiene un enfoque mixto de tipo descriptivo, que requiere el trabajo de campo y la revisión bibliográfica para la obtención de información real, y para la puesta en marcha del plan de mejoras. Los resultados obtenidos al término del presente trabajo son de suma importancia puesto que evidencian que los emprendimientos del sector son empíricos, y que los ingresos que perciben podrían incrementar a corto plazo con la puesta en práctica de los conocimientos compartidos. Se llega a la conclusión que para ayudar a las distintas comunidades aisladas del país a mejorar su calidad de vida y los ingresos que perciben, es indispensable que puedan contar con un plan de mejoras dirigido a aprovechar los recursos del sector y a potenciar las actividades y destrezas de los pobladores, respetando sus costumbres y cultura.

In order to make public policy recommendations to efficiently regulate Decentralized Finance (DeFi), we conducted an exploratory study examining the state of the art, organizing the public debate and analyzing real-world applications of this cutting-edge technology. We found that DeFi has the potential to increase efficiency in financial markets, promote competition, improve access to capital and contribute to economic growth. For all its potential benefits, however, the technology also presents substantial challenges in the form of user accessibility, market stability, fair competition and law enforcement. Growth of the emerging DeFi market depends on successfully addressing the concerns of investors, consumers and authorities without simultaneously regulating the technology into inefficiency and disuse. Taking into account the implications of DeFi for antitrust policies and economic growth, we explore the applicability of a balanced embedded-regulation, which holds promise as a bridge between innovation and regulation. The main limitation of this study is related to the constantly-evolving nature of DeFi technology. Recommendations for its regulation may vary as new evidence becomes available, but this document may pave the way for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ayer: Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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En el origen y evolución de las finanzas ha resultado oportuno alinear la teoría con la práctica, con el fin de promover argumentos sólidos. Sin embargo, esta perspectiva está lejos de ser aplicada, ya que es común que se empleen los aspectos prácticos sin adherir a su interpretación las hipótesis teóricas sobre la influencia, relación y asociatividad de los términos. En este sentido, este estudio se plantea como objetivo evaluar si el teorema Modigliani-Miller y sus supuestos son aplicables a las pymes pertenecientes al sector comercio del Ecuador. Para ello se usan dos etapas metodológicas. En primer lugar, se utilizan con modelos no supervisados mediante Partitioning Around Medoids, con el fin de clasificar y aumentar la homogeneidad en la interpretación de modelos. Y, en segundo lugar, se emplean modelos de interpretación lineal clasificados con el objeto de explicar la relación subyacente de los diversos indicadores con la estructura de capital. Con las iteraciones se puede concluir que la teoría que mayor adaptabilidad posee en este grupo de empresas es la del trade-off, la cual sugiere que sí existe una estructura adecuada, que resulta de la combinación de factores financieros.

Copyright of TECHNO Review is the property of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) in the domain of finance, shedding light on the groundbreaking progress achieved andthe challenges that lie ahead. We explore how RL, a subfield of machine learning, has been instrumental in solving complex financial problems by enabling decision-making processes that optimize long-term rewards. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machinelearning technique that can be used to train agents to make decisions in complex environments. In finance, RL has been used to solve a variety of problems, including optimal execution, portfolio optimization, option pricing and hedging, market making, smart order routing, and robo-advising. In this paper, we review the recent developments in RL for finance. We begin by introducing RL and Markov decision processes (MDPs), which is the mathematical framework for RL. We then discuss the various RL algorithms that have beenused in finance, with a focus on value-based and policy-based methods. We also discuss the use of neural networks in RL for finance. Finally, we discuss the results of recent studies that have used RL to solve financial problems. We conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities for future research in RL for finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Equidad y Desarrollo is the property of Equidad y Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Journal of Management for Global Sustainability is the property of Ateneo de Manila University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tendencias: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas is the property of Universidad de Narino, Facultad de Ciencias Economics y Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Panorama Económico (1870-2171) is the property of Economic Panorama Magazine / Revista Panorama Economico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Analizar la relevancia de las finanzas en un modelo de negocio sostenible en poblaciones vulnerables. Método: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, basada en la revisión de literatura incluyendo los conceptos de sostenibilidad, finanzas sostenibles, cadenas de valor, cambio climático y economía circular. Se incluyó principalmente la revisión de bases bibliográficas como Scopus, Clarivate, Academia y Google Académico, y se excluyó la revisión de literatura de las finanzas clásicas. Resultados: Se identificó que los aspectos financieros son incluidos en la gestión de los negocios sostenibles; sin embargo, estos se realizan de forma convencional dificultando que alcancen los fondos necesarios. Se propone un modelo que es abordado desde una perspectiva de cadena de valor que considera la gestión de los riesgos ambientales, sociales y económicos, buscando que quienes más riesgos enfrentan reciban mayor rendimiento. Conclusión: Para lograr que se implante un modelo conceptual, en el que las finanzas sostenibles tengan una clara participación, se considera relevante asegurar un mayor empoderamiento a las poblaciones a quienes se busca favorecer a través de una mejor formación financiera; e igualmente, es clave que las fuentes de financiamiento profundicen la evaluación de los riesgos y rendimientos, y los resultados sean medibles en los estados financieros de los negocios.

This study addresses the impact on university teaching caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the lecturer's reflection on the continuous assessment system in view of the return to face-to-face or blended learning in the classroom. The results obtained show that through the new assessment criteria, students are more participative as they are more familiar with the specific competences of the subject. Moreover, the methodological changes applied provide the evaluation process in the finance classroom with a notable improvement for its adaptation to the professional environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]