1. Filosofia da ciência e evolução: uma contribuição ao ensino Parte 2: O que é uma teoria?
- Author
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José de Figueiredo, Francisco and Aquino de Oliveira, Levy
- Subjects
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PHILOSOPHY of science , *EVOLUTIONARY theories , *CREATIONISM , *SCIENCE teachers , *NATURAL law - Abstract
Lacking of knowledge about basics of Philosophy of Science by students and teachers have produced constraints in several levels regarding assimilation of basic concepts used in scientific investigation, particularly about hypothesis, theory, fact and natural law. As a result, the social environment became propitious to propagation of false informations and set up of pseudoscience claims. As a precondition to evaluate the metaphenomenon of Evolution, these concepts are analyzed, taking into account examples coming from evolutionary theory. The inner structure of a scientific theory is discussed based on current mainstreams of thinking on Philosophy of Science and the status of theory of evolution is evaluated. Classifications of sciences are presented and discussed mainly on trial of historical issues. We assume the conflict between science and religion is due to lack of distinction between literal and symbolic languages; both ways of knowing have different paths and objectives and could coexist in reciprocal illumination, particularly in society with low social disfunction. Besides a lot of controversies and debates regarding mechanisms and processes, the theory of evolution matters by relevant predictions, amount of empirical evidences and demonstrates to be resilient to accommodate new data. Increased by recent outputs, it remains as the best explanation for the history of biodiversity in our planet. The proselyte 'scientific creationism' is unsustainable due to lack any empirical evidences, depending on tautological, fallacious, and untestable arguments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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