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Hand lay-up was used to create banana and nylon Fibre-reinforced vinyl ester (VE) composites with random orientation of the short fibre ratio (banana:nylon = 1:1). To make it environmentally conscious, natural fibre (banana) was added in synthetic fibre (nylon). After fabrication, different mechanical testing was conducted. Tensile strength improves by 47% at 10 wt. % fibre loading and 13% at 20 wt.% fibre loading. Flexural strength improved by up to 213% at 15 wt. % fibre loading. At 20 wt. % fibre loading, the mean hardness number reaches its maximum. The mean impact energy is highest at 15 wt. % fibre loading. Furthermore, the highest water absorption is 2.3% with a fibre loading of 20 wt.%. After 15 wt.% fibre loading, which is suggested for optimal performance, the manufactured composites exhibit a declining trend in tensile, flexural, and impact capabilities. As a result, scanning electron micrographs were collected at 20 wt.% fibre loading to investigate the type of fibre-matrix bonding, voids, fibre agglomeration, and fibre pullouts phenomena. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was also explored to show a decline in hemicelluloses content. As-fabricated composites have several technological uses, including leisure and sports products, maritime sectors, and airplanes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research is to observe the effect of alkalisation of rattan, bamboo fibre, and eggshell particles addition in the fabrication of hybrid polyester laminated composite. A 5% NaOH treatment of fibres was conducted, and 5% eggshell particles was added to the composite. The FTIR analysis was done to reveal the presence of nanol, and thermal stabilities were evaluated by TGA, DTG and DTA. Furthermore, water absorption and biodegradability of the composite were also investigated. Mechanical properties were tested with compatible ASTM standards. The 5% NaOH treated 30 wt.% fibre- loading enhanced the tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness by 9%, 2%, 7%, and 4%, respectively compared to the raw composites. On the other hand, the addition of 5% eggshell particles decreased the tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness of the raw 30 wt% fibre-reinforced composite by 5%, 4%, 3%, and 2%, respectively In addition, the raw 30 wt% fibre-reinforced composite has the highest biodegradability, and water absorption percentage than the alkali-treated and eggshell added fibre-reinforced composite. The raw 30 wt% fibre-reinforced composite has dictated over the alkali-treated and eggshell added fibre-reinforced composite in terms of thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel combination of Borassus Flabellifer Petiole Fibre/Palmyra Palm Petiole Fibre (PP) and Borassus Flabellifer Leaf Stalk Fibre/Palmyra Palm Leaf Stalk Fibre fibres (LS) bonded by vinyl ester is considered as the natural fibre-reinforced hybrid composites. Three-layered composites with various stacking sequences at 30 wt.% fibre loading were studied. Tensile, impact, and hardness properties exhibit increasing trend for different stacking sequences. A maximum increase of 215.8% tensile strength and 310.5% impact strength was observed in the PPLSPP (90/0/90) specimen. The water absorption percentage showed a peak value of 18% and the hardness enhancement was around 75% for the LSPPLS (90/0/90) sample. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was performed and Scanning electron micrographs were performed to show the fibre–matrix bonding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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