1. Abnormal Extracardiac Development in Fetuses With Congenital Heart Disease.
- Author
-
Dovjak GO, Zalewski T, Seidl-Mlczoch E, Ulm PA, Berger-Kulemann V, Weber M, Prayer D, Kasprian GJ, and Ulm B
- Subjects
- Female, Fetal Heart diagnostic imaging, Fetal Heart embryology, Follow-Up Studies, Gestational Age, Heart Defects, Congenital diagnosis, Humans, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Fetal Diseases diagnosis, Fetal Heart abnormalities, Heart Defects, Congenital embryology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine methods, Prenatal Diagnosis methods
- Abstract
Background: Knowledge about extracardiac anomalies (ECA) in fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) can improve our understanding of the developmental origins of various outcomes in these infants. The prevalence and spectrum of ECA, including structural brain anomalies (SBA), on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in fetuses with different types of CHD and at different gestational ages, is unknown., Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ECA rates and types on MRI in fetuses with different types of CHD and across gestation., Methods: A total of 429 consecutive fetuses with CHD and MRI between 17 and 38 gestational weeks were evaluated. ECA and SBA rates were assessed for each type of CHD and classified by gestational age (<25 or ≥25 weeks) at MRI., Results: Of all 429 fetuses with CHD, 243 (56.6%) had ECA on MRI, and 109 (25.4%) had SBA. Among the 191 fetuses with normal genetic testing results, the ECA rate was 54.5% and the SBA rate 19.4%. Besides SBA, extrafetal (21.2%) and urogenital anomalies (10.7%) were the most prevalent ECA on MRI in all types of CHD. Predominant SBA were anomalies of hindbrain-midbrain (11.0% of all CHD), dorsal prosencephalon (10.0%) development, and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid spaces (10.5%). There was no difference in the prevalence or pattern of ECA between early (<25 weeks; 45.7%) and late (≥25 weeks; 54.3%) fetal MRI., Conclusions: ECA and SBA rates on fetal MRI are high across all types of CHD studied, and ECA as well as SBA are already present from midgestation onward., Competing Interests: Funding Support and Author Disclosures The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF