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The studies aimed to determine the effect of the time of foliar fertilizing with Batr Zinc fertilizer on the height of corn plants, the yield of green mass and grain, and crop elements have been carried out on ordinary carbonate chernozem in the zone of sufficient moistening in Stavropol krai in 2021–2023. The effectiveness of foliar addition of the Batr Zinc fertilizer (1.0 L/ha) have been studied on corn hybrids Mashuk 220 MV and Mashuk 355 MV in the phases of five and eight leaves. Treatment variants include the use of the foliar fertilizer without any mineral fertilizer or with application of nitrogen (N30) and complete mineral (N30P30K30) fertilizer. Treatment with the Batr Zinc fertilizer (1.0 L/ha) in five or eight leaves' development phases of corn with no additional application of mineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in the height of Mashuk 220 MV and Mashuk 355 MV hybrid plants in the flowering phase by 14 and 16 cm and by 17 and 23 cm on average for 2021–2023, respectively. On average, over 3 years, corn foliar fertilizing with the Batr Zinc fertilizer in the phases of five or eight leaves with no application of mineral fertilizers increased the yield of green mass of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV by 5.2 and 6.0 t/ha (15.1 and 17.4%) and the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV by 7.7 and 6.8 t/ha (23.2 and 20.5%). The yield of grain was increased by 0.59 and 0.63 t/ha (9.2 and 9.9%) and 0.83 and 0.74 t/ha (12.9 and 11.5%), respectively. Depending on the fertilizing terms, the grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV increased by 0.59 and 0.63 t/ha (9.2 and 9.9%) and that of the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV by 0.83 and 0.74 t/ha (12.9 and 11.5%). No significant difference in the yield of green mass and grain between the fertilizing terms have been determined. Foliar fertilizing the agrochemical Batr Zinc fertilizer accompanied by application of mineral fertilizers are ineffective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digestate from a biogas plant can be a valuable organic and mineral fertilizer. Quantitative proportions of cosubstrates used in three agricultural biogas plants in Poland were analyzed. The composition of digestates was examined and large differences in the content of macronutrients were found, especially N and K. On the basis of the factors used to calculate emissions from the production and use of artificial fertilizers, the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction resulting from replacing mineral fertilizers with digestate was calculated. In terms of 1 Mg of fresh digestate, this reduction may not seem large, as it amounts to 27.9-61.6 kg of CO2 eq, but it should be taken into account that digestate contains little dry matter. The annual amount of digestate used on an area of 1 ha allows avoiding GHG emissions of 25.8-44.5 Mg CO2 eq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Maize (Zea mays L.) grain is an important source of nutrients in human diet. The differences in content and relations between certain components of maize grain impact grain colour and its nutritional quality. The objective of the Study was to examine effects of different fertilization systems: mineral fertilizer (urea), organic fertilizer, and biofertilizer on white, yellow, and red coloured maize hybrids, regarding grain yield and variations in content of antioxidants: phytate, phenolic compounds, glutathione, carotenoids (yellow pigment), and reduction capacity of DPPH radical. Two-fold higher average grain yield and double fold lower concentration of phenols and carotenoids were present in 2018, in comparison to drier 2017. The lowest phytate content and the highest values of phenols and DPPH reduction capacity were present in red maize kernel, as a hybrid with the highest yield, while in yellow maize kernel, the highest values of yellow pigment and glutathione occurred. The bio-fertilizer expressed the positive impact on reduction of phytate concentration and increase of phenols concentration in maize grain, while urea increased concentration of yellow pigment and glutathione. Correlation analysis showed that reduction in phytate and carotenoids was significant and positive related with grain yield increase, while phenols showed positive correlation with reduction capacity of DPPH radical. Thus, it was shown that changes in fertilization methods could affect antioxidants status in maize grain, particularly in red coloured maize, which besides high yield potential, possess remarkable higher antioxidant capacity in regard to yellow and white coloured maize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paratecoma peroba is a native forest species of great economic and ecological interest, currently at risk of extinction from selective and illegal exploitation; however, there are no established parameters for the production of seedlings of this species. The objective of this study was to analyze the growth and nutritional balance of P. peroba seedlings grown in polypropylene tubes of different sizes with variable doses of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF). Three volumes of tubes (120, 180, and 280 cm3), four CRF doses (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg m-3), and a conventional mineral fertilizer (CF) were tested as indicated in the literature for native forest species: arranged in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, with four replicates composed of 16 seedlings. After 180 days, the percentage of survival, growth variables, indices of the diagnosis and recommendation integrated system, and the average nutrient balance index of the seedlings were analyzed. Based on the total dry matter and the mean nutritional balance index, the combination of a 280 cm? tube with a 7.5 kg m-3 CRF dose was the most effective in the production of P. peroba seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organomineral fertilizers are the combination and/or mixture of organic fertilizers with mineral fertilizers. This combination provides the necessary nutrients for the development of the crops, being the organic matter, an enhancer of these minerals, besides an aggregator in the improvement of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. The objective of this work was to highlight the potential, production and benefits of using organominerals in crops, such as: lettuce, arugula, tomatoes, soybeans, coffee, corn, cowpea, potatoes, sugar cane, eucalyptus, wheat and sesame. It is noteworthy that numerous studies prove the effectiveness of these fertilizers in crops, aiming at numerous agronomic parameters. In addition to the environmental liability, it can generate a lot of revenue with this product with growth potential in the world agricultural market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant response to herbicides is one of the most essential points in corn (Zea mays L.) production, especially in inbred lines. Weed abundance is higher in corn lines comparing to hybrids. Insufficient herbicide selectivity in lines crop can be a limiting factor for their application. Weed control today is based on Integrated Weed Management (IWM) approach, i.e. to use all possible methods and measures for weed control and better crop fitness. In this research, sensitivity of one corn inbred line (selection based on previous research) was tested to two sulfonylurea herbicides in treatments with and without foliar fertilizer. Treatments included recommended and double field doses and control (no herbicide), with and without foliar fertilizer. Herbicides and foliar fertilizer were applied as a mixture. In a 3 yr field experiment, herbicides expressed different selectivity to the tested line. The line was further tested in controlled conditions for dose-response analyses in order to determine variations in biomass and biochemical compounds levels. The double dose of foramsulfuron affected fresh matter significantly (p < 0.05) with 90% decrease, compared to control. An experiment in controlled conditions showed increased tolerance to herbicides in treatments with foliar fertilizer -- according to higher effective doses (ED10, ED50, and ED90) estimated, indicating higher plant tolerance to herbicides when foliar fertilizer was applied. In corn leaves the highest herbicide dose and foliar fertilizer induced slight reduction of concentrations of free thiol groups, soluble proteins and phytic P (to 14.1%, 9.3% and 9.9%, respectively) and increased phenolics concentration (up to 26.7%) compared to treatment without herbicide application. Obtained results indicate positive effects of foliar fertilizer when it is applied in mixture with herbicides, and foliar fertilizing should be considered as important strategy in obtaining higher yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the problems of current intertillage deep fertilizer applicators such as insufficient topdressing depth and poor adaptability in ridge forming, this paper designs a 3ZFS-520 intertillage deep fertilizer applicator by making some improvements to the deep application shovel and hiller. With a lengthened and narrowed deep application shovel and optimized penetration angle, clearance angle and curvature radius, this applicator experiences reduced working resistance and soil disturbance while increasing the fertilizing depth, and has enhanced adaptability in ridge forming and achieves better ridge forming effects through the integration of the hilling shovel and the hiller with adjustable extent. Test results show that, the 3ZFS-520 intertillage fertilizer applicator can reach a fertilization depth of 20cm with good ridge forming effects, strong applicability and adaptability, and stable working performance, and thus can meet the requirements set by the national standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cucumber is the second most important plant cultivated in greenhouses in our country. The nutrition has great influence in the growth of this plant. This study aims to define the best doses of fertilizer at the "short fruit" type in the solar greenhouses, and to find out the best combination of the organic fertilizer with the crystalline chemical one as well which are actually in market. The evidence is a study with two factors, one of different doses of crystalline fertilizer combining with or without organic fertilizer. The Crystalline chemical fertilizer which are content by combinations of NPK, are used in additional fertilizing during all plant vegetation process through irrigating dripping system, while those organic fertilizing are thrown into basic fertilizing. The results of study show that the basic organic fertilizing by dose of 100 quintal/acres combined with the crystalline fertilizer by dose of 90-150 kg la NPK/acres ensures the highest productivity of the "short fruit" cucumber plant in the solar greenhouse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mulching of grasslands was suggested by many that could be a feasible solution for the low productive systems to maintain their natural productivity and floristical diversity, when succesion of woody species is a threatening factor. In this middle-term experiment, we aimed to study the effects of new alternatives in Apuseni Mountains, like mulching and mulching with mineral fertilization, on the floristic structure of the oligotrophic grasslands. The experiment has started in 2009 and we followed the effects of the treatments in the 6th year. The experiment design contains seven variants in five repetitions (randomized blocks) of mowing, mulching and mulching with different doses of fertilizers applied in different time. After six years, the treatments determined no changes in the main grassland type, but significant changes have taken place in the floristic compositions of the variants. The overall effects of the treatments are negative upon the phytodiversity in some of the variants. From this reason these has to be carefully recommended if there are conservational purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An automatic system to control variable rate of fertilizer application was implemented and tested in an experimental spring wheat crop. The system included a micro-controller, a LCD display, a proportional flow control electro-valve, a rotational speed sensor and a hydraulic motor mounted on the shaft of the fertilizer dispenser of a drilling machine. The control software used a fertilizer rate prescription map previously determined from a map of soil fertility. The system was tested in a small field of 0.6 ha using an experimental design of four randomized treatments and three repetitions. In order to develop the application rate map, 21 samples were previously taken for analysis of soil fertility. The treatments tested the application of a constant rate and variable rate of physical mixture (PM) of 16% of N and 42% of P, and a constant rate and variable rate of Basacote Starter® (BS), which is a controlled release fertilizer. The amount of fertilizer used in the field was measured and compared in each case with the prescribed rate for spatial resolutions of 1 m, 2 m, 3 m, 4 m and 5 m and a width of 3.5 m. The error of application rate was between 20% and 29% at 1 m resolution and decreased to values between 12% and 14% at 5 m resolution for the whole set of treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2011 the experiment with spring wheat 'Manu' was carried out on the experimental field of the Estonian University of Life Sciences. The experiment was carried out in the soils with different content of organic carbon (Corg): background A with higher Corg content > 1.7% and background B with lower Corg content ⩽ 1.7%. Four fertilizing treatment were used: 1) unfertilized, control (K); 2) conventional fertilizing (T), where all amounts of mineral fertilizers (N120P52K100) were applied before sowing; the amount of fertilizer was supposed to ensure the grain yield level of 4 t ha-1; 3) application of fertilizers according to the soil information (MI) - all amounts of mineral fertilizers (NPK) were applied before sowing; the amounts of mineral fertilizers were adjusted according to the nutrient content of the soil; 4) application of fertilizers according to the soil and plant information (MILV) - mineral fertilizers applied firstly as in MI treatment and additionally at plant development stage BBCH4 the foliar fertilizer added according to the plant nutrition level (determined by chlorophyll meter). Grain yield levels of different backgrounds (A and B) differed in site based fertilization treatments (MI and MILV) less than in control and conventional treatments (26.7 and 19.4% versus 47.4 and 45.5%, respectively). De-spite the fact that the amounts of fertilizers were in MI treatment up to one third smaller than of conventional treatment T, the majority values of grains quality of these treatments were statistically the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effect of microbiological fertilizer (Slavol) and soil additives (zeolite and hydrogel) on buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) yield was investigated in this paper. Trial was set up in the village of Radijevići, Serbia in agroecological conditions of mountain Zlatar (altitude 1,065 m) during a two-year period 2009 and 2010. A randomized complete block design with four replications was set up. In organic cropping system three combinations of microbiological fertilizer (Slavol) with zeolite and hydrogel were used prior to sowing. Different combinations of the microbiological fertilizer and the soil additives gave positive results especially in the second year of the trial. The best combination in organic cropping system was Slavol+hydrogel with foliar application of the microbiological fertilizer, which resulted in the greatest yield of buckwheat and this treatment can be recommended to producers. Buckwheat performed very well under limited conditions of acidic soil on high altitude in organic cropping system and it can be recommended as a very suitable crop for organic producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Listy Cukrovarnicke a Reparske is the property of VUC Praha a.s. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Pot-test experiments were conducted to study the influences of mulching and fertilizing on the migration of heavy metals from soil to Vicia faba (broad bean). Semi-transparent film was used to mulch soil. Swine manure compost was mixed with soil at a rate of 50mgkg−1 to fertilize the soil. Broad bean was grown for several months until fruits were formed. Soils and bean parts were sampled to analyze and fractionate heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn). Mulching promoted an obvious growth of broad bean. Fertilizing decreased soil pH and increased organic matter content and conductivity. Mulching reduced the exchangeable metal fractions by 5–52%. Fertilizing, in contrast, increased the exchangeable fractions of most of the metals except Fe and Pb by 20–295%. While the two cultivations increased obviously metal concentrations in bean laminas as compared to un-mulched and un-fertilized controls, the levels of most of the metals except Pb decreased in bean fruits. No clear relationships existed in roots and caudices in terms of metal levels. Calculated bioconcentration factors (BCF) and transfer factors (TF) indicate that the cultivations had little influences on the metal enrichments in roots, but promoted their migration from roots to laminas. In particular, mulching greatly promoted the absorption and translocation of Fe, while fertilizing enhanced the bean fruit uptake of Pb. Further studies on the influence of cultivation practices on heavy metal migration in soil–plant systems are recommended to acquire more information for evaluation of crop safety. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Effects of different doses of mineral fertilizers on sugar beet tops yield were studied on stationary experimental field trial at Rimski Šančevi. Eight fertilizing variants with increasing doses of N, P2O5 and K2O were tested, and object of this investigations were two sugar beet varietys. Dynamics of fresh mass formation of sugar beet tops yield (heads and leaves) was conducted. The highest yields of heads and leaves fresh mass were obtained at variant N100P150K150 in 2002, respectively N150P150K150 in 2003 year. In both year the least yields at fertilized variants were obtained at variants N100K100 i N50P100K100. Variety Sara achieved significantly higher yield of above ground portions in relation to variety NS-Hy-8R, and in 2003 at variety Drena was obtained higher yield than Sara. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field experiments have been conducted on identifying the need in fertilizers of buckwheat planted on the land previously the same year used for growing wheat. We have found out that the annual norm of fertilizers for the buckwheat is N150P90K60 kg/ha. This norm is economically efficient and provides 20,6-21,7 c/ha harvesting in the hot and dry climate of Uzbekistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]