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The primary goal of bean production is to obtain high and stable yields, in which an important role. For that reason, in this manuscript we investigated the impact of cultivar, soil conditioners and NPK fertilizer on yield components and grain yield of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Field microexperiments were conducted during the 2020 in the agroecological conditions of the central Šumadija (locality Rača Kragujevačka), on brown forest soil type (Eutric Cambisol), according to the Split plot design in four repetitions. In this research, a three-factorial experiment was based in the following variants: Variety (A1 - Galeb, A2 - Sremac), “pH Plus” soil conditioners (B1 - without “pH Plus”, B2 - with “pH Plus” 500 kg ha-1) and NPK fertilization (C1 - control - without fertilizer application, C2 - N30P20K30 kg ha-1 a.m., C3 – N60P40K60 kg ha-1 a.m.). Standard agrotechnological measures were applied, as for the regular production of bean. The results showed that the application of NPK increased the number of pods per plant from 36.3% (on the treatment N30P20K30 kg ha-1 a.m.) to 46.1% (on the treatment N60P40K60 kg ha-1 a.m.) in comparison to the control, number of grains per plant from 17.5% to 27.2%, as well as the mass of grains per plant from 20.0% to 48.3%. The application of “pH Plus” soil conditioners increased the number of pods per plant by 9.7%, number of grains per plant by 9.9% and the weight of grains per plant by 4.2%.

U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj NPK đubrenja, prihranjivanja azotom i inokulacije semena kvržičnim bakterijama na komponente prinosa i prinos zrna pasulja. Poljski mikroogled je izveden u agroekološkim uslovima centralne Šumadije i na zemljištu tipa gajnjača (Eutrični kambisol). Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u broju mahuna, broju zrna i prinosu zrna između ispitivanih tretmana đubrenja. Suprotno tome, inokulacija semena nije ispoljila značajniji uticaj na posmatrane parametre produktivnosti pasulja. This paper examined the effect of NPK fertilization, nitrogen fertilization, and seed inoculation by nodule bacteria on the yield and grain yield components of beans. The field microexperiment was performed under the agro-ecological conditions of central Šumadija and on the brown forest soil type (Eutric cambisol). The obtained results showed significant differences in number of pods, number of grains and grain yield between the tested fertilization treatments. On the contrary, seed inoculation did not have a significant effect on the observed productivity parameters of beans.

U Srbiji, povećanje prinosa kukuruza po jedinici površine iziskuje povećanje genetičkog potencijala rodnosti novih hibrida, kao i poboljšanje tehnologije gajenja. Savremeni hibridi, pored većeg genetičkog potencijala rodnosti, treba da se karakterišu i većom tolerantnošću prema stresnim uslovima proizvodnje. Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se odredi optimalna količina azota za hibride različite dužine vegetacionog perioda na zemljištu tipa černozem i gajnjača i izvrši izbor ZP hibrida najbolje rodnosti za agroekološke uslove istočnog Srema i centralne Šumadije. Ispitivanja su obavljena putem poljskih mikroogleda u agroekološkim uslovima istočnog Srema (Zemun Polje) i centralne Šumadije (Rača Kragujevačka) metodom razdeljenih parcela u četiri ponavljanja. Rezultati ukazuju da je najjači uticaj na prinos zrna kukuruza imao tip zemljišta (veći prinos je zabeležn na gajnjači za 1.97 tha-1), zatim đubrenje azotom (povećanje prinosa od 0,92 do 1,25 tha-1) i najslabiji hibrid (najveći prinos zrna od 10,03 tha-1 zabeležen je u hibrida ZP 677). In Serbia, increase in corn yield per unit area requires an increase in the genetic potential of the yield of new hybrids, as well as improved cultivation technology. Modern hybrids, in addition to the greater genetic potential of fertility, should also be characterized by higher tolerance to stressful production conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the optimal amount of nitrogen for hybrids of different lengths of the vegetation period on the soil of chernozem and brown forest soil and made the selection of ZP hybrids of the best fertility for the agroecological conditions of eastern Srem and central Šumadija. The experiments were carried out through field microscopes in the agroecological conditions of eastern Srem (Zemun Polje) and central Šumadija (Raĉa Kragujevaĉka) using the split plot plane in four repetitions. The results show that the strongest impact on maize grain yield was of the type of soil (the higher yield was recorded on the brown forest soil for 1.97 tha-1), then the nitrogen fertilization (increase in yield from 0.92 to 1.25 tha-1) and the weakest hybrid (the largest grain yield of 10.03 tha-1 is recorded in hybrid ZP 677).

U ovom radu ispitivan je uticaj tipa zemljišta, startnog đubrenja NPK đubrivima i međurednog rastojanja na produktivnost heljde. Poljski mikoogledi su izvedeni u agroekološkim uslovima južnog Banata na zemljištu tipa černozem i Šumadije na zemljištu tipa gajnjača. Primenjene količine NPK đubriva izražene u kg ha-1 aktivne materije su iznosile – kontrola (bez đubrenja), NPK 30:30:30, NPK 60:60:60 i NPK 90:90:90, a setva heljde je obavljena na 25 i 50 cm međurednog rastojanja. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u pogledu parametara produktivnosti heljde u zavisnosti od tipa zemljišta, primenjenih količina NPK hraniva i veličine vegetacionog prostora. Utvrđena je međuzavisnost između ispitivanih faktora. This paper examined the effect os soil type, start fertilization with NPK fertilizers and row spacing on the productivity of buckwheat. Field microexperiments were conducted in the agroecological conditions of South Banat on tchernozem soil type and in Šumadija (Central Serbia) on brown forest soil type. The applied amounts of fertilizers expressed in kg ha-1 of active substance, were: Control (unfertilized), NPK 30:30:30, NPK 60:60:60 and NPK 90:90:90. Sowing of buckwheat was carried out on 25 cm and 50 cm row distance. Obtained results showed statistical differences between the parameters of productivity depending on soil type, applied amounts of NPK fertilizers and vegetation area shape. The interdependence between examined factors was determined.