7 results on '"MUGHAL, MAZHAR"'
Search Results
2. Migrants remittances and fertility in the Post-Soviet states.
- Author
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Ibrokhimov, Boburmirzo, Javed, Rashid, and Mughal, Mazhar
- Subjects
REMITTANCES ,DEMOGRAPHIC transition ,FERTILITY ,BIRTH rate ,PANEL analysis - Abstract
The demographic consequences of remittance flows to the developing countries have so far received scant attention. In this study, we examine the impact of migrants' remittances on fertility by employing unbalanced panel data from Post-Soviet states. During the last three decades, these countries witnessed large-scale out-migration accompanied by high inflows of migrants' remittances, and went from a high mortality – high birth rate to a low mortality – low birth rate regime. Employing standard panel estimation methods and instrumental variable (IV) approach, we find evidence for a significant negative association between remittances and fertility. These findings are robust to alternate measures and strategies. The impact of remittances is significant beyond a minimum threshold and has strengthened over time. The findings of the study highlight the remittances' substitution effect contributing to the post-communist countries' demographic transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Perturbed Nuptiality, Delayed Fertility: Childbirth Effects of Covid19
- Author
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Mughal, Mazhar and Javed, Rashid
- Subjects
lockdown ,fertility ,I18 ,J10 ,J12 ,ddc:330 ,J13 ,coronavirus ,COVID-19 ,Pakistan ,childbirth ,I10 ,marriage - Abstract
An aspect of the Covid-19 pandemic that merits attention is its effects on marriage and childbirth. Although the direct fertility effects of people getting the virus may be minor, the impact of delayed marriages due to the first preventive lockdown, such as that imposed in Pakistan from March 14 to May 8 2020, and the closure of marriage halls that lasted till September 14 may be non-negligible. These demographic consequences are of particular import to developing countries such as Pakistan where birth rates remain high, marriage is nearly universal, and almost all child-bearing takes place within marriage. Based on historic marriage patterns, we estimate that the delay in nuptiality during the first wave of coronavirus outbreak may affect about half of the marriages that were to take place during the year. In Pakistan, childbearing begins soon after marriage, and about 37% of Pakistani married women give birth to their first child within twelve months of marriage. A sizeable number out of these around 400,000 annual births that occur within twelve months of the marriage may consequently be delayed. Postponement of marriages due to the accompanying difficult economic situation and employment precariousness should accentuate this fertility effect. The net fertility impact of the Covid-19 outbreak would ultimately depend not only on the delay in marriages but also on the reproductive behavior of existing couples. Un aspect de la pandémie de Covid-19 qui mérite une attention particulière concerne ses effets sur le mariage et la naissance des enfants. Les conséquences démographiques sont particulièrement importantes pour les pays en développement tels que le Pakistan. Dans ce pays, le taux de natalité est élevé, le mariage est presque universel et la procréation se fait exclusivement dans le cadre du mariage. Bien que les effets directs du virus sur la fertilité des personnes infectées puissent être moins importants, l'impact des mariages retardés en raison des mesures de confinement tecomme celles qui avaient cours au Pakistan du 14 mars au 8 mai 2020, et de la fermeture des salles de mariage qui a duré jusqu'au 14 septembre peut être sérieux. Sur la base des modèles de mariage historiques, nous estimons que le retard de la nuptialité pendant la première vague de la pandémie de coronavirus pourrait affecter environ la moitié des mariages qui devaient avoir lieu pendant l'année. Au Pakistan, la réproduction commence peu après le mariage et environ 37 % des femmes mariées pakistanaises donnent naissance à leur premier enfant dans les douze mois suivant leur mariage. Un nombre non négligeable des 400 000 naissances annuelles qui surviennent dans les douze mois suivant le mariage pourrait donc être retardé. Le report des mariages en raison d'une situation économique difficile et de la précarité de l'emploi devrait accentuer cet effet sur la fécondité. En fin, l'impact net de l'épidémie de Covid-19 sur la fécondité dépendrait en fin de compte non seulement du report des mariages, mais aussi du comportement des couples existants en matière de reproduction.
- Published
- 2021
4. Changing Patterns of Son Preference and Fertility in Pakistan
- Author
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Javed, Rashid and Mughal, Mazhar
- Subjects
Son preference ,Fertility ,parity progression ,Z13 ,ddc:330 ,J13 ,C13 ,D13 ,Pakistan ,O15 - Abstract
Using data from two representative Demographic and Health Surveys, we examine the change in son preference over the past three decades and its effects on Pakistani women's fertility. We analyse a number of indicators and employ different empirical methods to come up with strong and persistent evidence for both the revealed and stated preference for sons. This disproportionate preference for boys is visible in increasing desired sex ratio and worsening sex ratio at last birth. Reliance over differential birth-stopping has significantly increased over time as couples are more likely to stop childbearing once the desired number of boys is achieved.
- Published
- 2021
5. Changing patterns of son preference and fertility in Pakistan.
- Author
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Javed, Rashid and Mughal, Mazhar
- Subjects
SONS ,PAKISTANIS ,FERTILITY ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys ,SEX ratio ,EMPIRICAL research - Abstract
Using data from two representative Demographic and Health Surveys, we examine the change in son preference over the past three decades and its effects on Pakistani women's fertility. We analyse a number of indicators and employ different empirical methods to come up with strong and persistent evidence for both the revealed and stated preference for sons. This disproportionate preference for boys is visible in increasing desired sex ratio and worsening sex ratio at last birth. Reliance over differential birth stopping has significantly increased over time as couples are more likely to stop childbearing once the desired number of boys is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. More remittances, fewer kids—Impact of remittances on fertility in Morocco.
- Author
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Ben Atta, Oussama, Kasmaoui, Kamal, Mughal, Mazhar Yasin, and Makhlouf, Farid
- Subjects
REMITTANCES ,FERTILITY ,FERTILITY decline ,DEMOGRAPHIC transition - Abstract
This study examines the role played by remittances in Morocco's spectacular fertility decline over the 1975–2018 period. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds approach, we find a significant negative association between remittances to the country and total fertility rate. This relationship is stronger in the long term than in the short term, suggesting that the human capital‐accumulation channel is probably more important than the income effect. Findings of the study highlight the contribution of Morocco's large overseas migrant community to the country's demographic transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Migrant remittances and fertility.
- Author
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Anwar, Amar I. and Mughal, Mazhar Y.
- Subjects
REMITTANCES ,PAYMENT ,ELECTRONIC funds transfers ,INCOME ,ECONOMIC impact of emigration & immigration - Abstract
This study examines the role of migrants' remittances in developing countries' fertility transition. Employing an unbalanced panel of South Asian countries and controlling for various economic and socio-demographic factors, we find that remittances are significantly associated with a lower number of children born to women of childbearing age. This suggests the remittances' substitution effect to be at play rather than the income effect, and may result from decreased need for children for financing the household's future needs as well as from better access to healthcare and contraceptive methods available to migrant households. Remittances' association with fertility appears to be more important than the transfer of fertility norms from migrants' host countries. The monetary aspects of international migration may therefore be more important for the region's demographic transition than social remittances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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