1. Impact of Fermentation on the Phytochemical Profile and Bioactivity Characteristics of Aqueous Matricaria recutita L. Root Extracts.
- Author
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Mailänder LK, Nosrati Gazafroudi K, Greiß M, Lorenz P, Nicolay S, Gründemann C, Stintzing FC, Daniels R, and Kammerer DR
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry, Anti-Bacterial Agents isolation & purification, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Gram-Negative Bacteria drug effects, Gram-Positive Bacteria drug effects, Humans, Water chemistry, Animals, Picrates antagonists & inhibitors, Biphenyl Compounds antagonists & inhibitors, Cell Survival drug effects, Plant Roots chemistry, Plant Roots metabolism, Matricaria chemistry, Matricaria metabolism, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Fermentation, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants isolation & purification, Antioxidants metabolism, Phytochemicals chemistry, Phytochemicals pharmacology, Phytochemicals isolation & purification, Phytochemicals metabolism
- Abstract
While the flowers of Matricaria recutita L., German chamomile, are widely used for medicinal and cosmetic purposes, little is known about its roots, which are used in complementary medicine for the preparation of aqueous fermented extracts for the treatment of cramps and anxiety. To broaden the understanding of the active principles involved, a model fermentation approach was developed and fermentates were compared to commercially manufactured tinctures. Coumarins and hydroxycinnamates were among the major secondary metabolites characterized using HPLC-MS
n . After six months of fermentation and storage, low-molecular organic acids were detected by GC-MS. Fermentation contributed to the stabilization of antioxidant and radical scavenging activities, which were in a range of about 8-10 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight and 20-24 mg trolox equivalents/g dry weight, determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH assays, respectively. In addition, antibacterial activities of the extracts against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria increased during the first week of fermentation. Fermentates were neither cytotoxic nor pro- or anti-inflammatory. Thus, fermentation of chamomile roots is a suitable method for the safe production of biofunctional aqueous chamomile root extracts that remain stable without the addition of synthetic preservatives., (© 2024 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.)- Published
- 2024
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