1. Determination of Depth-Dependent Intradermal Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Inactivated Polio Vaccine Delivered by Microinjections via Hollow Microneedles
- Author
-
Koen van der Maaden, Joke A. Bouwstra, Cwj Cees Oomens, Gideon F.A. Kersten, Stefan Romeijn, Pim Schipper, Wim Jiskoot, and Soft Tissue Biomech. & Tissue Eng.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Injections, Intradermal ,Microinjections ,CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide ,Pharmaceutical Science ,SDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijn ,Antibodies, Viral ,medicine.disease_cause ,Injections, Intramuscular ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Adjuvants, Immunologic ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Animals ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Rats, Wistar ,Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Immunogenicity ,Vaccination ,Organic Chemistry ,Cholera toxin ,Antibody titer ,Rats ,3. Good health ,Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated ,Titer ,030104 developmental biology ,Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ,Immunization ,Immunoglobulin G ,Antibody Formation ,Immunology ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
PURPOSE\nThe aim of this study was to investigate the depth-dependent intradermal immunogenicity of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) delivered by depth-controlled microinjections via hollow microneedles (HMN) and to investigate antibody response enhancing effects of IPV immunization adjuvanted with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 (CpG) or cholera toxin (CT).\nMETHODS\nA novel applicator for HMN was designed to permit depth- and volume-controlled microinjections. The applicator was used to immunize rats intradermally with monovalent IPV serotype 1 (IPV1) at injection depths ranging from 50 to 550 μm, or at 400 μm for CpG and CT adjuvanted immunization, which were compared to intramuscular immunization.\nRESULTS\nThe applicator allowed accurate microinjections into rat skin at predetermined injection depths (50-900 μm), -volumes (1-100 μL) and -rates (up to 60 μL/min) with minimal volume loss (±1-2%). HMN-mediated intradermal immunization resulted in similar IgG and virus-neutralizing antibody titers as conventional intramuscular immunization. No differences in IgG titers were observed as function of injection depth, however IgG titers were significantly increased in the CpG and CT adjuvanted groups (7-fold).\nCONCLUSION\nIntradermal immunogenicity of IPV1 was not affected by injection depth. CpG and CT were potent adjuvants for both intradermal and intramuscular immunization, allowing effective vaccination upon a minimally-invasive single intradermal microinjection by HMN.
- Published
- 2016